Ch 8 chem

same number of each kind of atom appears in the reactants and in the products.

A chemical equation is balanced when the

a catalyst for the reaction.

A chemical formula written over the arrow in a chemical equation signifies

positive ions combine with negative ions.

A precipitate may form in a double-displacement reaction when

always equal to the total mass of the products.

According to the law of conservation of mass, the total mass of the reacting substances is

hydrogen.

Active metals react with certain acids, such as hydrochloric acid, to yield a metal compound and

adjusting coefficients to the smallest whole-number ratio.

After the first steps in writing an equation, the equation is balanced by

salt.

An active metal and a halogen react to form a(n)

below it on the list

An element in the activity series can replace any element

bubbles out of solution.

An insoluble gas that forms in a double-displacement reaction in aqueous solution

hydrogen.

Group 1 metals react with water to produce metal hydroxides and

O2

How would oxygen be represented in the formula equation for the reaction of methane and oxygen to yield carbon dioxide and water?

higher on the activity series.

If a certain metal is placed in an ionic solution containing another metal and no reaction occurs, then the metal originally in the solution is

fluorine.

If chlorine gas is produced by halogen replacement, the other halogen in the reaction must be

loses electrons less readily than does metal Y.

If metal X is lower than metal Y in the activity series, then metal X

the mass of the reactants equals the mass of the products.

In a chemical reaction

water.

In a double-displacement reaction, hydrogen chloride and sodium hydroxide react to produce sodium chloride. Another product is

oxide.

In one type of synthesis reaction, an element combines with oxygen to yield a(n)

Mg represents the reagent magnesium.

In the chemical equation 2Mg(s) + 02(g) ? 2MgO(s)

NaOH

In the word equation, sodium oxide + water → sodium hydroxide, the formula for sodium hydroxide is represented by

double-displacement reaction

In what kind of reaction do the ions of two compounds exchange places in aqueous solution to form two new compounds?

synthesis reaction

In what kind of reaction do two or more substances combine to form a new compound?

decomposition reaction

In what kind of reaction does a single compound produce two or more simpler substances?

displacement reaction

In what kind of reaction does one element replace a similar element in a compound?

H2.

In writing a chemical equation that produces hydrogen gas, the correct representation of hydrogen gas is

MgCl2(aq) and Br2

Magnesium bromide (aq) + chlorine (g) yields

water.

Magnesium hydroxide decomposes to yield magnesium oxide and

water.

Many metal hydroxides decompose when heated to yield metal oxides and

metal hydroxides.

Oxides of active metals, such as CaO, react with water to produce

MgCO3

Predict the product of the reaction represented by the following equation: MgO + CO2 →

Calcium chloride forms.

Predict what happens when calcium metal is added to a solution of magnesium chloride.

Hydrogen is released.

Predict what happens when lead is added to nitric acid.

No reaction occurs.

Predict what happens when nickel is added to a solution of potassium chloride.

No reaction occurs.

Predict what happens when zinc is added to water.

water.

Some acids, such as carbonic acid, decompose to nonmetal oxides and

metal oxide.

Some metals, such as iron, react with steam to produce hydrogen gas and a

activity.

The ability of an element to react is the element's

atoms lose electrons.

The activity series of metals indicates the ease with which metal

Zn(OH)2 + 2CH3COOH → Zn(CH3COO)3 + 2H2O

The complete balanced equation for the reaction between zinc hydroxide and acetic acid is

clectrolysis.

The decomposition of a substance by an electric current is called

single-displacement reaction.

The equation A + BX → AX +B is the general equation for a

synthesis reaction.

The equation A +X → AX is the general equation for a(n)

double-displacement reaction.

The equation AX + BY → AY+ BX is the general equation for a

decomposition reaction.

The equation AX → A +X is the general equation for a

Na2SO4

The formulas for the products of the reaction between sodium hydroxide and sulfuric acid are

calcium hydroxide.

The reaction of calcium oxide, CaO, with water yields

decomposition reaction.

The reaction represented by the equation 2HgO(s)→ 2Hg(l) + O:(g) is a(n)

decomposition reaction.

The reaction represented by the equation 2KCIO;(s) → 2KCI(s) + 30;(g) is a(n)

synthesis reaction

The reaction represented by the equation 2Mg(s)+ 0:(g) → 2MgO(s) is a

single-displacement reaction.

The reaction represented by the equation Mg(s) + 2HCI(aq) → H;(g) + MgCl;(aq) is a

double-displacement reaction.

The reaction represented by the equation Pb(NO:):(aq) + 2KI(aq)→ Pbl:(s) + 2KNO;(aq) is a

|halogens.

The replacement of bromine by chlorine in a salt is an example of a single-displacement reaction by

CO, has chemical properties that differ from those of C and O.

The word equation solid carbon + oxygen gas → carbon dioxide gas + energy, represents a chemical reaction because

coefficients.

To balance a chemical equation, it may be necessary to adjust the

whether a certain chemical reaction will occur

What can be predicted by using an activity series?

S(s) + 02 (g) → SO2 (g)

What is the balanced equation for the combustion of sulfur?

2AI + 3CUSO4 → AI2(SO4)3

What is the balanced equation when aluminum reacts with copper(II) sulfate?

activity series

What is the name of a list of elements arranged according to the ease with which they undergo certain chemical reactions?

a coefficient

What is the small whole number that appears in front of a formula in a chemical equation?

two elements

When a binary compound decomposes, what is produced?

oxygen.

When a metal chlorate is heated, it decomposes to yield a metal chloride and

precipitate is formed.

When a slightly soluble solid compound is produced in a double-displacement reaction, a

a precipitate.

When a solid produced by a chemical reaction separates from the solution it is called

carbon dioxide.

When heated, a metal carbonate decomposes into a metal oxide and

metallic chlorides and oxygen.

When heated, metallic chlorates decompose into

hydrogen gas.

When potassium reacts with water, one product formed is

9

When the equation Fe3O4 + Al → Al2O3 + Fe

1, 1, 2

Which coefficients correctly balance the formula equation NH4NO2 (s)→ N2(g) + H2O(1)?

change in total mass of substances

Which observation does not indicate that a chemical reaction has occurred?

C+ O2 → CO2

Which of the following is a formula equation for the formation of carbon dioxide from carbon and oxygen?

Hydrogen plus oxygen yields water.

Which word equation represents the reaction that produces water from hydrogen and oxygen

(aq)

represents In an equation, the symbol for a substance in water solution is followed by