Ch 8 chem
same number of each kind of atom appears in the reactants and in the products.
A chemical equation is balanced when the
a catalyst for the reaction.
A chemical formula written over the arrow in a chemical equation signifies
positive ions combine with negative ions.
A precipitate may form in a double-displacement reaction when
always equal to the total mass of the products.
According to the law of conservation of mass, the total mass of the reacting substances is
hydrogen.
Active metals react with certain acids, such as hydrochloric acid, to yield a metal compound and
adjusting coefficients to the smallest whole-number ratio.
After the first steps in writing an equation, the equation is balanced by
salt.
An active metal and a halogen react to form a(n)
below it on the list
An element in the activity series can replace any element
bubbles out of solution.
An insoluble gas that forms in a double-displacement reaction in aqueous solution
hydrogen.
Group 1 metals react with water to produce metal hydroxides and
O2
How would oxygen be represented in the formula equation for the reaction of methane and oxygen to yield carbon dioxide and water?
higher on the activity series.
If a certain metal is placed in an ionic solution containing another metal and no reaction occurs, then the metal originally in the solution is
fluorine.
If chlorine gas is produced by halogen replacement, the other halogen in the reaction must be
loses electrons less readily than does metal Y.
If metal X is lower than metal Y in the activity series, then metal X
the mass of the reactants equals the mass of the products.
In a chemical reaction
water.
In a double-displacement reaction, hydrogen chloride and sodium hydroxide react to produce sodium chloride. Another product is
oxide.
In one type of synthesis reaction, an element combines with oxygen to yield a(n)
Mg represents the reagent magnesium.
In the chemical equation 2Mg(s) + 02(g) ? 2MgO(s)
NaOH
In the word equation, sodium oxide + water → sodium hydroxide, the formula for sodium hydroxide is represented by
double-displacement reaction
In what kind of reaction do the ions of two compounds exchange places in aqueous solution to form two new compounds?
synthesis reaction
In what kind of reaction do two or more substances combine to form a new compound?
decomposition reaction
In what kind of reaction does a single compound produce two or more simpler substances?
displacement reaction
In what kind of reaction does one element replace a similar element in a compound?
H2.
In writing a chemical equation that produces hydrogen gas, the correct representation of hydrogen gas is
MgCl2(aq) and Br2
Magnesium bromide (aq) + chlorine (g) yields
water.
Magnesium hydroxide decomposes to yield magnesium oxide and
water.
Many metal hydroxides decompose when heated to yield metal oxides and
metal hydroxides.
Oxides of active metals, such as CaO, react with water to produce
MgCO3
Predict the product of the reaction represented by the following equation: MgO + CO2 →
Calcium chloride forms.
Predict what happens when calcium metal is added to a solution of magnesium chloride.
Hydrogen is released.
Predict what happens when lead is added to nitric acid.
No reaction occurs.
Predict what happens when nickel is added to a solution of potassium chloride.
No reaction occurs.
Predict what happens when zinc is added to water.
water.
Some acids, such as carbonic acid, decompose to nonmetal oxides and
metal oxide.
Some metals, such as iron, react with steam to produce hydrogen gas and a
activity.
The ability of an element to react is the element's
atoms lose electrons.
The activity series of metals indicates the ease with which metal
Zn(OH)2 + 2CH3COOH → Zn(CH3COO)3 + 2H2O
The complete balanced equation for the reaction between zinc hydroxide and acetic acid is
clectrolysis.
The decomposition of a substance by an electric current is called
single-displacement reaction.
The equation A + BX → AX +B is the general equation for a
synthesis reaction.
The equation A +X → AX is the general equation for a(n)
double-displacement reaction.
The equation AX + BY → AY+ BX is the general equation for a
decomposition reaction.
The equation AX → A +X is the general equation for a
Na2SO4
The formulas for the products of the reaction between sodium hydroxide and sulfuric acid are
calcium hydroxide.
The reaction of calcium oxide, CaO, with water yields
decomposition reaction.
The reaction represented by the equation 2HgO(s)→ 2Hg(l) + O:(g) is a(n)
decomposition reaction.
The reaction represented by the equation 2KCIO;(s) → 2KCI(s) + 30;(g) is a(n)
synthesis reaction
The reaction represented by the equation 2Mg(s)+ 0:(g) → 2MgO(s) is a
single-displacement reaction.
The reaction represented by the equation Mg(s) + 2HCI(aq) → H;(g) + MgCl;(aq) is a
double-displacement reaction.
The reaction represented by the equation Pb(NO:):(aq) + 2KI(aq)→ Pbl:(s) + 2KNO;(aq) is a
|halogens.
The replacement of bromine by chlorine in a salt is an example of a single-displacement reaction by
CO, has chemical properties that differ from those of C and O.
The word equation solid carbon + oxygen gas → carbon dioxide gas + energy, represents a chemical reaction because
coefficients.
To balance a chemical equation, it may be necessary to adjust the
whether a certain chemical reaction will occur
What can be predicted by using an activity series?
S(s) + 02 (g) → SO2 (g)
What is the balanced equation for the combustion of sulfur?
2AI + 3CUSO4 → AI2(SO4)3
What is the balanced equation when aluminum reacts with copper(II) sulfate?
activity series
What is the name of a list of elements arranged according to the ease with which they undergo certain chemical reactions?
a coefficient
What is the small whole number that appears in front of a formula in a chemical equation?
two elements
When a binary compound decomposes, what is produced?
oxygen.
When a metal chlorate is heated, it decomposes to yield a metal chloride and
precipitate is formed.
When a slightly soluble solid compound is produced in a double-displacement reaction, a
a precipitate.
When a solid produced by a chemical reaction separates from the solution it is called
carbon dioxide.
When heated, a metal carbonate decomposes into a metal oxide and
metallic chlorides and oxygen.
When heated, metallic chlorates decompose into
hydrogen gas.
When potassium reacts with water, one product formed is
9
When the equation Fe3O4 + Al → Al2O3 + Fe
1, 1, 2
Which coefficients correctly balance the formula equation NH4NO2 (s)→ N2(g) + H2O(1)?
change in total mass of substances
Which observation does not indicate that a chemical reaction has occurred?
C+ O2 → CO2
Which of the following is a formula equation for the formation of carbon dioxide from carbon and oxygen?
Hydrogen plus oxygen yields water.
Which word equation represents the reaction that produces water from hydrogen and oxygen
(aq)
represents In an equation, the symbol for a substance in water solution is followed by
