Ch. 9 Quiz I/O Psych PSU

Sally perceives inequality because when she compares her input/output ratio to that of Blake's, the ratios are not equal. Sally produces excellent work but does not receive the pay that Blake receives. According to equity theory, one way Sally can reduce her perceived inequality is to:

alter her perceptions about her ratio by comparing herself to a coworker who earns a lower salary

Which statement BEST described the finding of Stajkovic and Luthan's (1997) meta-analysis on organizational behavior management (OBM)?

companies that used OBM experienced significant performance improvements

In their self-determination theory, Ryan and Derci (2000) suggested that to foster high levels of well-being and motivation, people's needs for __________, relatedness, and autonomy need to be met.

competency

Reyna knows that if she puts in longer hours, her performance on her project will improve. However, she feels her boss dislikes her, so even if she improves her performance, she believes she will not receive a raise (which she would really like). According to expectancy theory, Reyna has high ______ and low ______.

expectancy; instrumentality

Maslow's esteem and self-actualization needs correspond to Alderder's ______ needs.

growth

Duke has set a goal to have his assigned textbook chapters read by Thursday of each week. He realizes that he is much more likely to the reading on Sunday instead. According to control theory, what is Duke's likely response?

he will see the discrepancy between his goal and his behavior will be more motivated to start studying earlier

______ is a concept in which employees have flexibility to customize or modify their own jobs.

job crafting

A topic included in organizational psychology is:

leadership

Tanya is studying for a statistics exam. She is more concerned with thoroughly understanding statistical concepts than about the grade that she will receive in the course. Tanya has adopted a:

learning goal orientation

According to the two-factor theory, "recognition" is an example of a(n) ______, and "supervision" is an example of a(n) ______.

motivator; hygiene

Research has found that providing external reinforcement reduces intrinsic motivation. This phenomenon is known as the:

overjustification effect

Alicia does not believe it is fair that she must work in her job for two years before she will be considered for a promotion. Alicia's feelings of unfairness in this situation falls under the category of:

procedural justice

Paul is an HR manager who wants to motivate his employees using the job characteristics theory to guide his efforts. One step Paul should take is to:

redesign jobs to be high on skill, variety, and autonomy

Nathan, a college student, diligently attends every class and studies hard for every exam as he is motivated by the need to fulfill his potential. According to Maslow, Nathan has reached the level of the needs hierarchy known as:

self-actualization

Which motivational theory suggests that social-contextual events that enhance perceptions of competence improve intrinsic motivation?

self-determination theory

According to equity theory, people compare their ratio of inputs and outcomes to:

the ratio of inputs and outputs of their peers

According to goal-setting theory, people will perform best when:

they are assigned specific and difficult goals

Bandura's concept of self-efficacy refers to:

whether an individual feels he or she can successfully accomplish a task

Who is responsible for the motivation theory that proposes that the determinants of job satisfaction are not the same as those that determine job dissatisfaction?

Frederick Herzberg

One main difference between Maslow/s hierarchy and Alderfer's ERG theory is that:

ERG need categories can operate simultaneously rather than sequentially as Maslow's hierarchy does