Ch.14

True or False: when one relies on a stereotype to provide info about a person based solely on his/her membership, one is forming quick but often accurate portrayals of someone's personality

False- often inaccurate impressions

true or false: prejudice is unfair treatment of someone due to his or her group membership.

TRUE: prejudice- a biased attitude toward a group of people's individual member of a group based on unfair generalization about what members of that group are like. it is a stem from stereotype

What did the famous case of murder victim Kitty Genovese reveal about human nature?

The Bystander Effect: the more people who witness an emergency, the less likely they are to help. diffusion of responsibility, when there are many people around, responsibility to act is decreased.

What is true about dispositional attributions?

ascribe other people's behavior to something within them, such as their personalities, motives, or attitudes. ex. Chris fails a test because he is lazy, person assumes he failed because something about him

What are social norms?

cultural or societal imposed rules for behavior

What is the preferential treatment of certain people that is usually driven by prejudicial attitudes called?

discrimination

What did Albert Bandura's Bobo doll study demonstrate?

if children see adults punching the Bobo doll, they will do the same, especially if they see the adults being rewarded

What is self-serving bias?

making situational attributions for our failures but dispositional attributions for our success

Why do soldiers blindly follow orders to harm or kill people?

obedience- when people yield to the social of an authority figure

What explains social loafing?

occurs when the presence of others causes individuals to relax their standards. (you alone are not responsible so the diffusion of responsibility alters your behavior)

What is the fundamental attribution errors?

people tend to explain other people's behaviors in terms of dispositional attributions rather than situational ones, when making attributions of other people's behaviors, we tend to think that dispositional factors matter the most

What is a stereotype?

schemas of how people are likely to behave based simply on the groups to which they belong

in-group/out-group bias is the tendency to what?

shows positive feelings towards people in our own group and negative feelings towards those in other groups

What is it called when the presence of others improves our performance?

social facilitation

What is it called when society imposes rules about acceptable behavior?

social norms

What did Solomon Asch demonstrate?

the power of normative social influence. he devoted his career to understanding situations in which perception is not a direct function of physical properties of stimuli