Ch.6 Learning Curves

When Ryan arrived at the gym Tuesday morning, he noticed the musty odor of the showers in the locker room. As he finished changing, he did not notice the smell. This is probably the result of sensory _____.

adaptation

A _____ is a device for converting sounds into electrical signals and stimulating the auditory nerve through electrodes threaded into the cochlea.

cochlear implant

Current understanding of pitch perception indicates that:

some combination of place and frequency theories seems to handle the pitches in the intermediate range.

Jess was in a serious car accident and is having trouble recognizing familiar faces. She MOST likely suffered damage to her _____ lobe, just behind her right ear.

temporal

Noted social psychologist _____ published a journal article appearing to offer evidence for extrasensory perception.

Daryl Bem

_____ is the sensory system for detecting the position and movement of individual body parts.

Kinesthesia

_____ is the study of relationships between the objective characteristics of stimuli, such as their intensity, and the subjective experience of them.

Psychophysics

Sensory adaptation can be defined as:

diminished sensitivity as a result of repeated stimulation.

Which statement BEST expresses the essence of bottom-up processing?

We see what is there.

That visual information can be processed without conscious awareness is BEST illustrated by:

blindsight

According to the Gestalt psychologists, we tend to fill in the gaps to create a complete, whole object. This is called the principle of _____.

closure

James is threading a needle under a bright light bulb. During this task, James' vision is driven mainly by the _____ in his _____.

cones; fovea

Even when seen through sunglasses, grass appears equally as green as it does without glasses. This BEST illustrates color _____.

constancy

We recognize objects as having a consistent form regardless of how the viewing angle changes. This fact illustrates perceptual _____.

constancy

A snack manufacturer finds that it must increase the salt content of its chips by 8 percent in order for a sample of consumers to notice that the chips are saltier than they were before. This example BEST illustrates the concept of a(n) _____ threshold.

difference

How many basic types of taste are there?

five

The number of complete wavelengths that pass a point in a given time is known as _____.

frequency

The transparent structure behind the pupil that changes shape to help focus images on the retina is called the _____.

lens

Julio is working on a series of landscape paintings. He wants to create a realistic depiction of the English countryside. To turn the flat surface of the canvas into a three-dimensional painting, he might use the technique of:

linear perspective.

The ability to see future events before they happen is known as _____.

precognition

Multiple _____ send combined messages to a bipolar cell, whereas a single _____ may link directly to a single bipolar cell.

rods; cone

Carlos was just touched on his cheek, which is a(n) _____. In order for Carlos to know if he was kissed or slapped, Carlos needs a(n) _____.

sensation; perception

Experiencing sudden pain is to _____ as recognizing that you are suffering a heart attack is to _____.

sensation; perception

Marc is driving his 12-year-old car. He notices a sound coming from the engine, which involves _____ processing. He immediately starts thinking that the sound is similar to the sound his car made the last time he had it repaired, which involves _____ processing.

sensation; perception

When Juan puts on a hat in the morning, he notices it is there. As the day goes on, he forgets that he is wearing it. This demonstrates the process of:

sensory adaptation

Human sensory systems are designed to detect changes in stimulation rather than to detect constancies. This is demonstrated by the process of:

sensory adaptation.

One sense influencing the perception of another is known as:

sensory interaction.

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) activates _____ taste receptors.

umami

Psychologist George Stratton conducted a famous experiment on perceptual adaptation in which he:

wore a pair of glasses that inverted his vision for eight days.

According to the textbook, your eyes receive light energy and transform it into neural messages that your brain then processes into what you consciously see. Which choice correctly matches a phrase from this statement with the correct sensory or perceptual process?

your brain then processes into what you consciously see - perception