Ch.8. The Process of Research

11. In APA-style research articles humans are typically referred to as "participants" and nonhuman animals as "subjects."

t

14. The number of participants in a study is described in the ______ section of an APA-style article. a. introduction b. method c. results d. discussion

b

11. An example of a correct APA-style citation is ______. a. Smith & Jones (1999) found that ... b. Smith and Jones found that ... c. Smith and Jones, 1999, found that ... d. Smith and Jones (1999) found that ...

d

1. Gender should not be included in the participant description to control for bias.

f

4. The purpose of the abstract does not include ______. a. describing the results of the study b. briefly explaining the purpose of the study c. briefly describing the method of the study d. detailing the apparatus utilized for the study

d

5. A good introduction is not the section to ______. a. introduce the topic of the study b. review past studies that addressed the research questions of the study c. explain how the study will add new knowledge to the field d. state hypotheses, and detail the findings of the study

d

7. The results section of a research article would not include ______. a. the alpha level used b. the statistical tests used c. the statistics calculated in the tests d. data description of how participants were recruited

d

17. The ______ subsection of the method section should contain demographic information about the participants in a study. a. participants b. design c. materials d. procedure

a

19. The length of the APA style abstract is limited to ______. a. 120 to 150 or fewer words b. 80 to 90 or fewer words c. 40 to 65 or fewer words d. 180 to 210 or fewer words

a

36. If a researcher includes a direct quote from a source in the article report, the ______ of the quote ______ should also be included. a. date; publication b. page; location c. author; year d. copyright; year

b

16. The ______ subsection of the method section should contain a description of any stimuli used in a study. a. participants b. design c. materials d. procedure

c

22. In APA-style formatting, the introduction will begin on the ______ page of your article. a. first b. second c. third d. fourth

c

25. If a source with three or more authors is cited a second time; or more than five authors at any time, include just the last name of the first author and ______ to indicate there are other authors. a. et el. b. al et. c. et al. d. el et.

c

10. The study hypotheses are stated in the beginning of the introduction section.

f

20. According to APA style, the entire article should be ______. a. double spaced b. single spaced c. triple spaced d. the manual does not specify

a

23. The method section begins on the ______. a. next line after your introduction ends b. fourth page of your article c. third page of your article d. fifth page of your article

a

24. How participants were assigned to study conditions (e.g., randomly) should be indicated in the ______ section. a. participants b. design c. materials d. procedure

a

26. APA style refers to the writing style proposed by the ______. a. American Psychological Association b. American Psychiatric Association c. American Philosophical Association d. American Planning Association

a

28. The abstract starts on the ______ page of an article. a. second b. fourth c. third d. fifth

a

3. In an APA-style paper, authors' names and affiliations should appear ______. a. on the title page b. at the top of the abstract c. at the top of the introduction d. at the end of the paper

a

31. The discussion section continues where the ______ section ends. a. introduction b. method c. results d. procedure

a

34. Claiming another's work or ideas as one's own is called ______. a. plagiarism b. ghost writing c. gift authorship d. copying

a

35. An oral presentation begins by ______. a. introducing the main concepts b. stating your hypotheses c. explaining the methods section d. reviewing the results

a

40. For APA-style articles describing multiple-related studies in one article, the ______ and ______ sections are repeated for each study. a. method; results b. introduction; discussion c. participants; method d. methods; references

a

8. A good discussion section should begin with ______. a. a restatement of the hypotheses b. a review of past results c. the results of the statistical tests (e.g., t, F, and p values) d. the title of the paper

a

2. The APA-style section's correct order is ______. a. results, discussion, references, abstract b. abstract, introduction, method, results c. method, introduction, discussion, results d. references, abstract, results, method

b

21. For articles with ______ or fewer authors, list all authors the first time you cite the article. a. six b. five c. seven d. eight

b

27. The running head is no more than ______. a. 20 characters including spaces b. 50 characters including spaces c. 60 characters including spaces d. 70 characters including spaces

b

29. The ______ section is not explicitly listed in the APA Publication Manual but often included by researchers. a. participants b. design c. materials d. procedure

b

30. The ______ subsection is often included by authors for studies with more complex designs (e.g., experiments) to improve the clarity of the method. a. participants b. design c. materials d. procedure

b

32. The following citation has the format error of ______. Smith, A. (2015). Learning about APA. Journal of Counseling, 18(2), 20‑39. a. APA should not be capitalized b. the issue number should not be italicized c. the year should be underlined d. the volume number should not be italicized

b

38. The APA-styled article's Abstract section ends with the ______ of the study. a. sample description b. primary conclusion c. date of conclusion d. year of publication

b

1. APA-style research articles are written for an audience of ______. a. the general public b. doctoral students c. other researchers in psychology and related fields d. undergraduate students

c

10. Research proposals should describe the proposed study in ______. a. past verb tense b. present verb tense c. future verb tense d. whatever tense the author sees fit

c

13. Figures and tables of summary data from the study are typically presented in the ______ section of an APA-style article. a. introduction b. method c. results d. discussion

c

33. ______ is not considered to be an APA-style guideline. a. All numbers in the abstract should be in numerical form b. Must define abbreviations the first time it is used c. The entire article should be single-spaced d. Use words for number less than 10

c

37. An example of APA-styled in-text citation is ______. a. The authors (Hamilton and Mayes, 2006) stated ... b. Hamilton & Mayes (2006) stated ... c. Hamilton and Mayes (2006) stated ... d. The authors (2006) stated ...

c

6. ______ would be appropriate to include in the method section of an APA-style paper. a. The participants' names b. The use of number 2 pencils in study c. A description of the instructions given to participants in the study d. The exact amount of time each participant took to complete the study

c

9. The APA-style reference section's references should be listed ______. a. in order of appearance in the article b. in alphabetical order by first author's last name c. by length (shortest reference articles first) d. in any order the author wishes

c

12. Limitations of a study are discussed in the ______ section of an APA-style article. a. introduction b. method c. results d. discussion

d

15. The ______ subsection of the method section should contain a chronological description of the participants' tasks in a study. a. participants b. design c. materials d. procedure

d

18. The purpose of the ______ is to include a shortened version of your title that runs along the top of every other page of a published article to identify the article within the journal. a. header b. subtitle c. footer d. running head

d

39. The format for statistics according to APA style for the degrees of freedom provided is ______. a. no distinguishing style b. parenthesized c. bolded d. italicized

d

3. Citations are only used when quoting from another source.

f

4. All APA-style research articles should contain a design section.

f

7. The first page of an APA-style article will be the abstract.

f

8. The running head is typed in all lowercase letters and appears in the header on each page, left margin justified

f

12. Proposals are typically written to persuade reviewers that a research project should be conducted.

t

13. Oral presentations of a study are often given before an APA-style article is written.

t

14. Each of the main APA-style sections is included as well as visual presentations of stimuli and results in a Poster presentation.

t

2. Statistical values are generally rounded to two decimal places in the Results section of an APA-style article.

t

5. One-inch margins are used when formatting pages of an APA-style manuscript.

t

6. APA style refers to the writing style proposed by the American Psychological Association.

t

9. In APA-style articles, numbers in the abstract should be typed in numerical form.

t