Chain of Infection

Rickettsiae

smaller than bacteria;causes typhus and Rocky Mountain spotted fever

The route of Transmission

Method by which the pathogen is transmitted to a new host; Direct contact, Air, Insects

Virus

Microorganisms that cannot be seen;not destroyed by antibiotics

Fungi pathogens

Molds and yeasts;treated with anti-fungal sprays and creams

Pathogen Identification

Identify pathogens and finding cures;Job of C.D.C.

Medical asepsis

-antiseptic(people only), inhibit growth of bacteria in people -disinfectant(objects), chemicals and boiling -Sterilizing(objects), autoclave

Point of epidemiology

1.Find ways infection can be transmitted. 2.Find ways chain can be broken.

Pathogenic microorganisms

1.Fungi 2.Protozoa 3.Virus 4.Rickettsiae 5.Bacteria

Ways of interrupting chain of infection

1.Pathogen Identification 2.Asepsis & Hygiene 3.Control Portals of Exit 4.Prevent a route of Transmission 5.Protect Portal of Entry 6.Recognition of Susceptible Host

6 parts of chain of infection

1.The infections agent 2.The reservoir host 3.The portal of exit 4.The route of Transmission 5.The portal of entry 6.Susceptible host

Protozoa

Ameobic dysentery

The infections agent

Any disease causing agent(pathogen)

Pathogen

Any disease causing microorganism.

Bacteria

First seen by Antoni van Leeuwenhook in 1693; classified by shape and if anaerobic or aerobic

Protect Portal of Entry

Health proffesionals must make sure that ports of entry are not subject to pathogens (nose,mouth, eyes,urinary tracts,open wounds,etc.)

Control Portals of Exit

Healthcare personnel must practice standard precautions

Microorganism

Organism too small to be seen by naked eye

Asepsis & Hygiene

Potential host & carriers must practice asepsis & maintain personal hygiene

Prevent a route of Transmission

Prevent direct or indirect contact by: 1.Proper handwashing 2.Disinfection & Sterilization techniques 3.Isolation of infected patients 4.Not working when contagious

The portal of exit

Route of escape, how it escapes hosts body

The portal of entry

Route through which the pathogen enters its new host; Respiration, ingestion,Urinary/Reproductive tracts, breaks in skin

Types of White blood cells and jobs

T cells-identifier cells; finds and identifies pathogens B cells-creates antibodies Monocyte- takes pathogens out

Asepsis

The absence of infection;medical, practice and techniques to protect individual from disease, and surgical, sterile techniques to handle equipment, maintain sterile fields, etc.

The reservoir host

The organism in which the infectious microbes reside; Carrier host may not show signs, but still capable of transmitting

Susceptible host

The organism that accepts the pathogen; dependent on host's immune system/resistance

Epidemiology

The tracing /understanding/study of health related events in society.

Recognition of Susceptible Host

Those with low immune system/resistance; cancer patients, AIDs patients, etc.

Shapes of bacteria

cocci-spherical baccillus-rod Spirilla-corkscrew Staphylococci-round and grouped(boils)

Interrupting chain of infection

essential part of patient care & self-protection

Nosocomial infections

infections acquired while receiving a treatment in a healthcare center