Chap. 24: asepsis and infection control

what common pathogen does alcohol foam NOT kill?

C. diff.

The nurse is caring for a client who has active tuberculosis and is under airborne precautions. The health care provider prescribes a computed tomography (CT) examination of the chest. Which action by the nurse is appropriate?

Place a mask on clinet, NOT requesting the procedure be done at the bedside.

Which latex allergy happens immediately and which is delayed?

Type I hypersensivity is immediate while contact dermatitis is type IV and delayed (1-3 days).

A man is admitted to the hospital with the diagnosis of urethritis secondary to chlamydial infection. What precaution should the nurse implement for this client?

standard

A man has been admitted to the surgical unit after hernia repair surgery. The medical record reports that the client is human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive. The nurse should implement which precautions for this client?

standard precautions

5 inflammation markers

swelling, heat, redness, pain, and loss of function

The nurse is caring for assigned clients who are all stable. Which client should the nurse see first to minimize the spread of infection?

the client 48 hours post surgery, NOT measles patient. To minimize the spread of infection between clients, the nurse should see clients from the "clean" to "dirty."

symptoms associated with vascular phase of inflammation vs. ____ phase

vascular--pain, redness, heat cellular phase--swelling and loss of function

Airborne precautions are for what 4 diseases?

SARS, TB, Measles and Varicella (chicken pox)

The nurse is admitting a client who is suspected of having tuberculosis (TB) to the nursing unit. The nurse should plan to admit the client to a room that has which properties?

6-12 air ciculations connected to outdoors and ultraviolet light

Contact precautions are initiated for a client with a health care-associated (nosocomial) infection caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. The nurse prepares to provide colostomy care and should obtain which protective items to perform this procedure?

Gloves, gown, goggles, and a mask or face shield

The nurse is preparing to nasotracheally suction a client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) who has had blood-tinged sputum with previous suctioning. The nurse plans to use which item as part of standard precautions for this client?

Gloves, gown, mask, and protective eyewear

A nurse is working with a 55-year-old woman diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This nurse has another client that day who has an upper respiratory infection. What is the most important thing the nurse can do to prevent the client with HIV from acquiring the upper respiratory infection?

Most important is hand hygiene, NOT mask and gown.

what kind of equipment is needed with varicella

N95 mask, NOT surgical mask and negative pressure room

when should mask be taken off

after gloves?

which type of latex allergy is not an allergy at all

allergic contact dermatitis

Where is PPE removed and where is a respirator removed?

at the doorway; respirator outside of room.

A client has a risk for infection following radical vulvectomy. Therefore, the nurse should avoid which action when giving perineal care to this client? 1. Cleansing with warm tap water 2.Intermittently exposing the wound to air 3.Providing prescribed sitz baths after the sutures are removed 4.Providing perineal care after each voiding and bowel movement

avoid cleansing with tap water; saline would be used.

is influenza airborne or droplet?

both but usually droplets

What precautions are used for a patent with C. Diff?

contact

which mode of transmission is the most common

contact

3 types of transmission based precautions

contact, droplet, and airborne

C. diff requires which type of precautions

contact.

sterilization vs disinfection

destroys all microbes including spores vs. destroys most microbes but NOT spores

The nurse employed on a medical unit in a hospital receives a telephone call from the admission office and is told that a client with a diagnosis of mycoplasmal pneumonia will be admitted to the unit. The nurse prepares for the admission and obtains the necessary supplies to place the client on which type of transmission-based precautions?

droplet precautions includes flu, mumps, rubella,

You are preparing to change the linens on the bed of a client who has a draining sacral wound infected by MRSA. Which PPE items will you plan to use? (Select all that apply.)

gloves and gowen. goggles and mask not needed since it is only the bed linens being replaced.

The nurse is initiating isolation precautions for a client who has chronic Clostridium difficile infection. What should the nurse be sure to include with these precautions?

gloves and gown. Not droplet precautions. Which type of precaution? contact precautions?

The nurse is asked to check the unit's supply of personal protective equipment (PPE) to see if additional equipment needs to be ordered from central supply. The nurse should assess the level of which type of equipment? Select all that apply.

gown, mask, goggles, and NONSTERILE gloves. sterile gloves are used for surgical asepsis

An adolescent is diagnosed with conjunctivitis, and the nurse provides information to the adolescent about the use of contact lenses. Which statement by the client would indicate the need for further information?

i can wear my contacts if they are cleaned properly

Which type of latex allergy is not really an allergy at all?

irritant contact dermatitis

what makes c. diff so difficult.

it has spores and alcohol does not kill.

disinfecting vs sterilizing

kills most germs but not spores vs. kills all germs including spores

medical asepsis versus surgical asepsis

medical involves handwashing while surgical involves gloves and sterile, packaged tools.

when and where are masks worn for patients and nurses

on infected patient, nurse wears in room, patient wear outside room.

what part of the the chain of infection is a droplet

portal of exit

what phase is the patient most infectious?

prodromal, not full stage

resident vs transient bacteria

resident is symbiotic or harmless while transient can be harmful but does not take hold unless portal of entry.