Chap 7 quiz

An intelligence score that falls below ________ indicates significant cognitive delays, and may be indicative of an intellectual disability. 40 70 100 130

70

________ encompasses the processes associated with perception, knowledge, problem solving, judgment, language, and memory. Priming Conceptualization Cognition Personality

Cognition

________ are categories or groupings of linguistic information, images, ideas, or memories, such as life experiences. Concepts Emotions Values Beliefs

Concepts

Kai cuts her foot while hiking. She forgot to pack bandages, but she has a tube of superglue and uses that to seal the wound. Kai's ability to invent a solution uses the ________ intelligence component of the triarchic theory of intelligence. creative fluid crystallized analytic

creative

Which concept is a type of mental set where you cannot perceive an object being used for something other than what it was designed for? representative bias anchoring bias hindsight bias functional fixedness

functional fixedness

In Howard Gardner's Multiple Intelligences Theory, ________ intelligence and ________ intelligence are often combined into a single type: emotional intelligence. interpersonal; intrapersonal intrapersonal; naturalist musical; linguistic logical-mathematical; interpersonal

interpersonal; intrapersonal

Which term refers to the vocabulary of a language, or the words contained within that language? lexicon phoneme morpheme grammar

lexicon

Nima excels at working with numbers in subjects such as calculus and algebra. This exemplifies ________ intelligence from the multiple intelligences theory. bodily kinesthetic spatial interpersonal logical-mathematical

logical-mathematical

Knowing what a rainbow looks like because you have seen a rainbow is an example of a(n) ________ concept. prototypical natural modular artificial

natural

Which statistic is a measure of how data are dispersed in a population and can be used to give context to larger data sets? standard deviation variability correlation coefficient heritability

standard deviation

Illnesses such as diabetes and cancer kill more than twice the number of Americans than murder or car accidents. However, Zale sees car accidents as more dangerous because he often hears about car accident fatalities on the nightly news, and he doesn't know anyone with diabetes or cancer. Therefore, Zale takes more precautions against car accidents. This exemplifies ________. functional fixedness the availability heuristic the hindsight bias an algorithm

the availability heuristic

What was the most controversial conclusion made by Arthur Jensen with regard to Level 1 and Level II intelligence? African Americans, as a group, had the lowest amount of Level II intelligence. Level I intelligence at higher levels should exempt citizens from military service. Those without Level II intelligence should be sterilized so that they could not reproduce. Level I intelligence could only be mastered by those who were socioeconomically advantaged.

African Americans, as a group, had the lowest amount of Level II intelligence.

Which individual was asked by the French government to create an assessment tool - an intelligence test, of sorts - that would be used to identify schoolchildren who would be more likely to have difficulty in school? Alfred Binet Marcelle Curie Sir Francis Galton Louis Terman

Alfred Binet

________ concepts are ones that we know by a specific set of characteristics. Ideal Prototypical Natural Artificial

Artificial

Which pair of individuals is most likely to have the highest similarity in their IQ scores? Jerry and Jerica are fraternal twins who were raised in the same home. Annabeth and Andre are half-siblings who have the same father but different mothers. They've lived together since they were 3 and 5 years old, respectively. Vondra and Victoria are a mother and daughter who have lived together for all of Victoria's 15 years. Marcus and Maria are identical twins who were separated at birth and raised in different families.

Marcus and Maria are identical twins who were separated at birth and raised in different families.

Who developed the triarchic theory of intelligence? Robert Sternberg Howard Gardner Charles Spearman Raymond Cattell

Robert Sternberg

What is the Flynn effect? Once a person knows his IQ, he stops trying to excel academically. The idea that standard intelligence tests are flawed when they are used to compare ethnic groups. The observation that each generation has a significantly higher IQ than the previous generation. The observation that each generation has a significantly lower IQ than the previous generation.

The observation that each generation has a significantly higher IQ than the previous generation.

The analytical intelligence component of the triarchic theory of intelligence is demonstrated by the ability to ________. think outside the box to arrive at novel solutions to a problem analyze, evaluate, judge, compare, and contrast produce new products or ideas and invent novel solutions to a problem provide correct or established answers to a problem

analyze, evaluate, judge, compare, and contrast

Carmela believes her assistant, Lian, is incompetent. She notices only what Lian does wrong while ignoring the above average quality of most of her work. This exemplifies ________ bias. anchoring representational hindsight confirmation

confirmation

Rudy is amazing in all of his school classes, except math. He struggles to understand basic arithmetic concepts, confuses mathematical symbols like "+" and "=", and gets very frustrated and upset at the thought of doing math homework. Rudy has a normal level of cognitive functioning in other areas, and reads and writes with ease. Rudy's parents may want to have him evaluated to see if he suffers from ________. dysgraphia dyslexia intellectual disability dyscalculia

dyscalculia

Although her reading skills are just fine, Beatriz has difficulty with her writing. Her teachers have noticed that no matter how hard she tries and how much they work with her the handwriting on her papers is almost illegible. Further, although she has great thoughts and understands concepts at a high level, she is unable to put them into a cohesive written paper. Beatriz may suffer from ________. dyscalculia dyslexia intellectual disability dysgraphia

dysgraphia

The type of intelligence that involves seeing complex relationships and solving problems is ________ intelligence. crystallized fluid intrapersonal applied

fluid

What is the confirmation bias? believing the event you just experienced was predictable focusing on information that confirms your existing beliefs focusing only on one piece of information when making a decision stereotyping someone or something unintentionally

focusing on information that confirms your existing beliefs

Niaz's car breaks down, and he is convinced that it was a predictable event even though there was no way of knowing it would happen. This exemplifies ________. availability heuristic anchoring bias representational bias hindsight bias

hindsight bias

Knowing what a dinosaur is because you looked through a book with pictures of dinosaurs and watched the film Jurassic Park is an example of a natural concept that was developed through ________ experience. direct practical indirect theoretical

indirect

What impact did Genie's early isolation have on her ability to acquire language? She never developed a(n) ________. mastery of the grammatical aspects of language ability to speak ability to communicate lexicon

mastery of the grammatical aspects of language

Gonzalo is attempting to open his car door using the auto lock button on his keychain. He pushes the button twice, but his car door does not open. He continues to push the button even though it is likely that the auto lock feature has stopped working, and he will need to open the door manually with his key. This illustrates a ________. mental set hindsight bias functional fixedness confirmation bias

mental set

Emily is an adult with a 4th-grade skill level in reading, writing, and math. Her doctor suggests she would be capable of holding a job and living independently. Which subtype of intellectual disability describes Emily? moderate mild severe profound

mild

Aram is proficient in playing a number of instruments and can easily learn new songs and rhythms. This exemplifies ________ intelligence from the multiple intelligences theory. linguistic logical-mathematical musical spatial

musical

A(n) ________ is a basic sound unit of a given language. morpheme syllable phoneme syntactic unit

phoneme

Anwar is hiking in the woods and he gets lost. He spends several days trying to find his way back to his basecamp, but he has the knowledge to gather wood, start a fire, and keep himself warm at night. He is also able to identify local berries and mushrooms growing that he can eat without being poisoned. Anwar is demonstrating ________ intelligence from the triarchic theory. functional practical fluid analytic

practical

"Each person is born with a genetic potential to reach a certain level of potential, but whether or not they accomplish that level depends on their environments and experiences." This is the foundation of the ________ model. evolutionary range of reaction g-factor triarchic

range of reaction

Samara meets a nurse. She immediately assumes he is able to help care for sick people, works long hours, and dispenses advice about illness because her ________ schema suggests that nurses behave this way. event script artificial role

role

Which term refers to the process by which we derive meaning from morphemes and words? semantics language interpretation syntax

semantics