Chapt. 36 Abdominal & Genitourinary Trauma

In bladder injuries, the _______ the bladder, the greater the opportunity for injury.

fuller

As hypovolemia increases, patients will display agitation and confusion. The heart compensates early for this loss by:

increasing heart rate and increasing stroke volume.

The membranous double fold of tissue that attaches various organs to the body wall is called the:

mesentery.

The superior border of the liver can be as high as the patient's:

nipples.

Most injuries to the stomach result from:

penetrating trauma.

Spillage of urine, bile, and stomach acids into the abdomen can cause:

peritonitis.

The area around the umbilicus is referred to as the ______________ area.

periumbilical

The primary blast injury is caused by the:

pressure wave.

The hollow organs of the abdomen include the:

small intestine.

Pain that originates from the skin, muscles, joints and tendons is called:

somatic pain.

Associated injuries with a pelvic fracture include:

suspected bladder laceration.

____________ is a black-and-blue discoloration (ecchymosis) in the umbilical region caused by peritoneal bleeding.

Cullen's sign

An abdominal evisceration is:

an open abdominal cut from which internal organs or fat protrude.

The spleen's main function is to:

clear bloodborne pathogens.

Hemoperitoneum is best defined as:

collection of blood in the abdominal cavity.

_____________________ trauma is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in all age groups.

Blunt abdominal

Your patient is a 17-year-old male driver of a vehicle that received a lateral impact at the driver's side door. There are no side-impact airbags, and there is about 8 inches of intrusion into the passenger compartment at the left door. Your patient is complaining of left shoulder pain and pain "in his left side." He has a contusion on the left shoulder and deformity of the left clavicle. He has erythema over the left lateral thorax from ribs 6 through 12 with crepitus on palpation. Which of the following injuries should you suspect?

1, 3, 5, 6, 7

The liver is injured ________ percent of the time with penetrating abdominal trauma.

40

Low velocity is defined as________ per second for gunshot or stab wounds.

<200 feet

The pancreas:

All of the above

Which of the following can reduce the potential for abdominal injury?

All of the above

Which of the following structures are located in the retroperitoneal space?

All of the above

Which of the following is a special consideration when managing the pregnant trauma patient?

All of the above are special considerations.

Which of the following is NOT part of the prehospital examination of the patient with suspected abdominal trauma?

Auscultating bowel sounds

The injury in which abdominal organs protrude through a large, deep laceration of the abdominal wall is best described as:

Evisceration

The largest reserve of blood of any body organ is contained in the:

Liver

Which of the following is TRUE of the epidemiology of abdominal trauma?

Morbidity and mortality due to blunt trauma is decreasing, but morbidity and mortality due to penetrating trauma is increasing.

Which of the following about the use of PASG in the pregnant patient is NOT true?

None of the above are true.

Which of the following is TRUE of the patient with a suspected penetrating injury to or rupture of the diaphragm?

Pneumothorax may occur even if the thoracic cage is intact.

In what quadrant does the majority of the ascending colon lie?

RLQ

Which of the following describes definitive care of the patient with traumatic intraabdominal hemorrhage?

Rapid surgical intervention

Which of the following organs is NOT part of the digestive system?

Spleen

Which of the following best describes shear injuries to the abdominal organs?

Tearing of the organ in which the organ is fixed at its point of attachment but free to move otherwise

Your patient is a 30-year-old pregnant woman at 36 weeks' gestation. She was injured in a fall from a horse and is complaining of painful contractions. Her abdomen is tender to palpation over the uterus, and the uterus becomes firm with contractions, but she denies vaginal bleeding. The patient is anxious, but her skin is warm and dry. Her blood pressure is 112/70, her heart rate is 92, and her respirations are 24. Which of the following statements best describes this situation?

The mechanism and patient complaints are suspicious for placental abruption. Both the mother and the fetus are in jeopardy.

The suspicion of blunt abdominal trauma should be based primarily on:

The mechanism of injury