Chapter 1 Into to Psychology

Who was the first African American to receive a PhD in psychology in the United States?

Francis Cecil Sumner

A series of dots arranged in the shape of a face will be perceived as a face, not a series of dots. A psychologist studying this phenomenon is applying the principals of ________.

Gestalt psychology

What should be changed to make the following sentence true? Sigmund Freud believed that understanding the unconscious mind was critical to understand subconscious behavior.

The word "subconscious" should be changed to the word "conscious."

When studying personality traits, someone who is quiet, reserved, and withdrawn will score low on the ________ trait.

extroversion

Which of the following is not part of feminist psychology?

favoring women over men

________ is a perspective within psychology that emphasizes the potential for good that is innate to all humans.

humanism

Oona wants to conduct research on personnel management, workplace environment, and what type of environment results in high levels of employee productivity and efficiency. Oona should conduct research in the area of ________ psychology.

industrial-organizational

Naghemeh wants to focus on the emotional, social, vocational, and health-related outcomes of individuals who are considered psychologically healthy. Which area of psychology should she work in?

counseling psychology

Which of the following is an example of an objective measure used by functionalists?

examination of anatomy and physiology

Cognitive psychology focuses on studying ________.

thoughts and their relationship to our experiences and our actions

Susan wants to study prejudice, attraction, how we explain our own behavior versus how we explain the behavior of others, and how we resolve interpersonal conflicts. Susan should conduct research in the area of ________.

social psychology

Which of the following is not involved in critical thinking?

knowing your opinion is correct

Behaviorists study ________.

learned behavior

Which of the following is a criticism of evolutionary psychology?

It ignores non-genetic factors in determining human behavior.

Psychoanalytic theory focuses on ________ and early childhood experiences.

a person's unconscious

Penelope studies how the structure and function of the nervous system is related to behavior. She is a ________.

biopsychologist

William James was the ________.

first American psychologist

When studying personality traits, someone who is practical, conventional, and prefers routine will score low on the ________ trait.

openness

Behaviorists all focus on ________.

physiological responses that result in action

Dr. Bogdarian noticed that one of her students addresses her with the word mother instead of the word professor or doctor. Dr. Bogdarian applies the principles of ________, and hypothesizes the student misspeaks because he is unconsciously associating her with his mother.

psychoanalytic theory