Chapter 1 Questions

Disease can reemerge as a result of

-parents refusing to vaccinate their children -pathogens becoming resistant to antimicrobial medications

Microbes serve as important models for the study of higher organisms for which of the following reasons?

-same fundamental and genetic properties as other organisms.

Which of the following processes is the decomposition of harmful pollutants by microbes?

Biodegradation

______ is the process by which microbes carry out the decomposition of harmful chemicals.

Biodegradation

Microbial process used in the manufacture of yogurt and cheese

Fermentation

Used in the production of beer, yogurt, and cheese?

Fermentation

Newly emerged diseases

Hep C, Ebola, HIV/Aids

Infectious disease of the early 1900s that killed more people than were killed in WWI and II, Korean, Vietnam, and Iraq wars combined

Influenza

Which of the following diseases has been eradicated?

Smallpox

To indicate slight differences, members of the same species may be given special ______ designations.

strain

Which of the following can be infected by viruses?

animals, plants, bacteria.

Members of which domains can be infected by viruses?

bacteria, archaea, eukarya.

Using microorganisms to degrade toxic chemical spills is an example of ______.

biodegration

Bacteria produce ethanol, gas, and certain oils, which all have the potential to be used as

biofuels.

Designing organisms that can provide human products through genetic engineering or clean up environmental waste through bioremediation is part of the broader field of

biotechnology

The "Old Friends" hypothesis suggests

early exposure to certain microorganisms helps protect individuals from allergies, asthma, and some other diseases.

An outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease in England was controlled by

killing millions of livestock.

By his experiments, Lazzaro Spallanzani concluded that:

microorganisms in air could enter open flasks.

Hyphae

microscopic filaments of molds