Chapter 1 The Practice of Science Review

What is evidence?

Observations and facts learned from experiments.

What measurement unit do scientists usually use?

The Metric System

What is technology?

The knowledge, processes, and products that solve problems and make work easier.

Inquiry is the process of ______________.

asking questions.

What is inquiry?

The process of asking questions and searching for answers. Scientists conduct experiments and make observations. They keep records of their observations.

1-1 What questions do scientists ask?

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1-2 How do scientists use tools

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1-3 How do scientists answer questions?

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1-4 How do scientists draw conclusions?

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1-5 What is technology?

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What is a hypothesis?

A POSSIBLE answer to a question.

Name three methods a scientists might use to investigate a question or problem.

1. Model 2. Survey 3. Experiment

What are some of the organize steps that scientists use to answer questions and solve problems?

1. State hypothesis 2. Conduct experiment 3. Collect data 4. Draw conclusion

How are some ways tools help scientists?

1. They can see things that are really small. 2. Analyze data 3. Present data through presentations

What is a model, and why do scientists use them?

A model is used when they cannot perform the test on the actual object. By performing the experiment on the model, they learn how things work in the natural world.

What is a three-dimensional model?

A model that has height, width, and length.

What is a two-dimensional model?

A model that has length and width, but not height. The model is flat. Example: A Map

Why do scientists perform multiple trials?

A single trial may not give an accurate result. Multiple trials will show a pattern which should be similar.

What is a *procedure?*

A step by step set of instructions for how to perform a test. This allows others to repeat the test to get similar results

In a fair test, how many variables will change? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4

A. 1

What is a tool?

An object or device used to perform a task?

What is science?

An organized way of using evidence to learn about the natural world

An inference is __________. A. a question to be answered B. a conclusion based on observation C. a measurement that is not exact D. the result of an experiment

B. a conclusion based on observation

What is a hypothesis? A. an observation B. a possible explanation to a question C. a problem to be solved D. an accurate measurement

B. a possible explanation to a question

Inquiry is the process of: A. doing work B. asking questions C. analyzing data D. reporting results

B. asking questions

Scientific knowledge is based on _________. A. opinions B. evidence C. guesses D. predictions

B. evidence

What questions do scientists ask?

By observing the natural world, scientists develop their own questions about what they are seeing. Examples: How old is it? What is it made of?

Name one way scientists can make observations.

By taking measurements.

A graduated cylinder is used to measure: A. temperature B. mass C. volume D. weight

C. volume

Describe a technology you use every day and the problem it solves.

Calculator-it solves math equations.

Which of these is not a measuring tool? A. a thermometer B. a pan balance C. a meterstick D. a hand lens

D. a hand lens

How is *evidence* different from *inference*?

Evidence is information you have and observations you make. Inference is a conclusion that is drawn from data and observations.

What do scientific methods include?

Experiments, observations, surveying, and sampling

Who was Otis Boykin?

He was an inventor who invented the part in a pacemaker that controls how much electricity is given off. A pacemaker is an electronic device that sends electric pulses to the heart.

Name some technologies that help people.

Hearing: stethoscope, microphones Smell: Carbon monoxide detector Sight: microscopes, eyeglasses

A team of scientists is studying the formation of islands in the Pacific Ocean. Provide a question that the team might ask.

How did these islands form?

Why is it important for scientists to compare results?

It helps them determine whether their results or similar or different. They can also think of new questions or better ways to perform the experiment.

What does the heading (below) tell you? "Measurement Long Ago"

It is about measuring things long ago.

Why do scientists have safety rules when conducting an experiment?

It keeps the scientist and others from getting hurt. Some chemicals can damage your skin, and some objects are sharp, so by following the rules, everyone stays safe.

Why do you think evidence is important in science?

So other scientists can look for the same evidence when doing the experiment again.

Why is it important to do an experiment the same way each time?

So that the same result can be achieved.

Why do scientists keep detailed and accurate records?

So that they and other scientists can repeat the experiments.

Why is it important for scientists to keep detailed records?

So they and other scientists can repeat their experiments, Also if they repeat their experiments and get different results, they will need to check their records.

What does it mean to be a scientist?

Someone who uses knowledge, observations, and evidence to test reasonable questions.

What is a scientist?

Someone who uses knowledge, observations, and evidence to test reasonable questions.

How do tools help scientists?

They can measure objects or gather information.

How do scientists develop explanations about data?

They examine their data collected during an experiment.

How do measurements such as volume, temperature, length, distance, mass, etc help scientists?

They give scientists EXACT observations that they can share with others.

How do scientists answer questions?

They use the scientific method, which are organized ways to answer questions and solve problems. Steps include: 1. state hypothesis 2. conduct experiment 3. collect data 4. draw conclusions

How do scientists organize their data?

They used tables, charts and bar graphs. They can organize and record their data, give it a title, name materials, and give test results.

How might a three-dimensional model of a house be useful to the people constructing the house? Explain your answer.

They would be able to see problems that could happen during construction, and also see what the house will look like before it is built.

Why do scientists use evidence to explain their results?

To determine if their hypothesis was correct.

Why do scientists use tools to measure and gather information?

To get accurate data.

Why do scientists use tools to gather information?

To get accurate information.

Why do scientists conduct experiments?

To help them find answers to their questions.

Why do scientists do research?

To learn what others have learned before them. They look in reference materials such as books, journals, encyclopedias, and magazines.

Why do scientists make observations many times?

To make sure their data is accurate.

Why might a scientist repeat an experiment?

To see if they can obtain the same results

Why is it important for scientists to compare their observations with the observations of others?

When conducting the same type of experiment, their data should be similar. If it is not, they need to analyze their experiment to see whom went wrong.

Examples of tools are:

graduated cylinder, ruler, balance