Chapter 1: the world of innovative management

father of scientific management

Frederick Winslow Taylor

who should you think of when you think of the scientific management approach

Frederick Winslow Taylor

Who were two advocates from more humanistic approach

Mary Parker Follett and Chester Barnard

Who should you think of when you think of bureaucratic

Max Weber

one of the most significant innovations influencing modern management

Scientific management

What do managers do?

Set goals, organize, motivate and communicate, measure, and develop people

looking at history gives managers..

a borader perspective for interpreting and responding to current opportunities and problems

scalar chain

a chain of authority extends from the top to the bottom of the organization and should include every employee

benchmarking

a process whereby companies find out how other do something better than they do and then try to imitate or improve on it

role

a set of expectations for a manager's behavior

organization

a social entity that is goal directed and deliberately structure

managers in small businesses often see their most important roles as being..

a spokesperson for the business and acting as an entrepreneur

an organization is a...

a system

employee involvement

achieving better quality requires companywide participation in quality control

the organization must be managed....

as a whole

organizing

assign responsibilities for task accomplishment

Current management ideas and practices can be traced to the _______ approach

behavior sciences

"every situation is unique"

case view

Mananger's get things done by _____________ and _______________ other people

coordinating and motivating

motivate and communicate

create teamwork via decisions on pay, promotions, etc and through communications

resource allocator

decide who gets resources; schedule, budget, set priorities

performance

defined as the organization's ability to attain its goals by using resources in an efficient and effective manner

leader

direct and motivate subordinates; train, counsel, and communicate with subordinates

organize

divide work into manageable activities and select people to accomplish tasks

behavior sciences approach

draws from psychology, sociology, and other social sciences to develop theories about human behavior and interaction in an organizational setting

unity of command

each subordinate received order from one and only one superior

bureautic organization approach

emphasizes on an impersonal, rational basis

humanistic perspective

emphasizes understandin human behavior, needs and attitudes in the workplace

decisional

entrepreneur, disturbance handler, resource allocator, negotiator

set objectives

establish goals for the group and decide what must be done to achieve them

Interpersonal

figure head, leader, liaison

scientific management

focuses on productivity of the individual worker

administrative principles approach

focuses on the total organization

management and organizations are shaped by

forces in the larger society

disseminator

forward information to other organization members; send memos and reports, make phone calls

managers in nonprofit organizations direct their effort toward _________ rather than __________

generating some kind of social impact rather than making money

quants

have become the dominant decision making in financial firms

The job of mangers is _________ diverse and ______ paced

highly, fast

continuous improvement

implementation of small, incremental improvements in all areas of the organization on an ongoing basis

Hawthorne studies

important in shaping ideas concerning how managers should treat workers

managers tend to look for innovative ideas and approaches..

in times of turbulent

social media programs

include online community pages, social media sites, microblogging platforms such as twitter, and company online forums that enable managers to interact electronically with employees, customers, partners, and other stakeholders

Barnard contributions..

include the acceptance theory of authority

entrepreneur

initiate improvement projects; identify new ideas, delegate idea responsibility to others

system

is a set of interrelated parts that function as a whole to achieve a common purpose.

why is good management important

it contributes so much to society

liaison

maintain information links inside and outside the organization; use email, phone, meetings

division of work

managerial work and technical work are amenable to specialization to produce more and better work with the same amount of effort

systems thinking

means looking not just at discrete parts of an organizational situation, but also at the continually changing interactions among the parts

Some managers are using _______________ to increase efficiency

mobile apps

controlling

monitor activities and make corrections

informational

monitor, disseminator, spokesperson

Because of the interdependent nature of management..

new managers often have less freedom and control than they expect to have

Managers are always on the lookout for..

new techniques and approaches to meet shifting organizational needs

Follett emphasized..

participation, empowerment, shared goals, and facilitating rather than controlling employees

subsystems

parts of a system that depend on one another for their functioning

figure head

perform ceremonial and symbolic duties such as greeting visitors, signing legal documents

efficiency

pertains to the amount of resources (raw materials, money and people) used to produce a desired volume of output

Management functions

planning, organizing, leading and controlling

Two main reasons managers fail?

poor communication and poor interpersonal skills

another name for management science

quantitative perspective

develop people

recognize the value of employees and develop this critical organizational asset

supply chain management

refers to managing the sequence of suppliers and purchases, covering all stages of processing from obtaining raw materials to distributing finished goods to consumers

effectiveness

refers to the degree to which the organization achieves a stated goal

time management

refers to using techniques that enable you to get more done in less and with better results, be more relaxed and have more time to enjoy your work and your life

negotiator

represent team or department's interests, represent department during negotiation of budgets, union contracts, purchases

synergy

says that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts

monitor

seek and receive information; scan Web, periodicals, reports; maintain personal contracts

planning

select goals and ways to attain them

measure

set targets and standards; appraise performance

unity of direction

similar activators in an organization should be grouped together under one manager

human relations movement

stresses the satisfaction of employee's basic needs as the key to increased productivity

A manager's weaknesses become more apparent during...

stressful times of uncertainty, change or crisis

classical perspective

study of modern management; sought to turn organizations into efficient operating machines

human resources perspective

suggests that jobs should be designed to meet people's higher level needs by allowing employees to use their full potential

disturbance handler

take corrective action during conflicts or crises; resolve disputes among subordinates

contingency view

tells managers that what works in one organizational situation might not work in others

New management competencies includes..

the ability to be an enabler rather than a controller, using an empowering leadership style, encouraging collaboration, leading teams, and mobilizing for change and innovation

Management

the attainment of organizational goals in an effective and efficient manner through planning, organizing, leading and controlling organizational resources

spokesperson

transmit information to outsiders through speeches, reports

"There is one best way"

universalist view

leading

use influence to motivate employees

customer relationship management (CRM)

use information technology to keep in close touch with customers, collect and manage large amounts of customer data, and provide superior customer value

management science

uses mathematics, statistical techniques and computer technology to facilitate management decision making

managers in nonprofit organizations often struggle with..

what constitutes effectiveness