Chapter 10

When you kick a soccer ball, you contract your quadriceps femoris. Because the attachment on the tibia moves towards the attachment on the femur, it is considered the __________. insertion origin belly innervation

insertion

An __________ muscle is contained within a region whereas an __________ muscle acts upon one region but has an origin elsewhere. intrinsic; extrinsic extrinsic; intrinsic innate; extraneous extraneous; innate

intrinsic;extrinsic

Which of the following is true regarding the levator scapulae? It is innervated by the phrenic nerve. It elevates the scapula if the scapula is fixed. It rotates the scapula and depresses the apex of the shoulder. It flexes the neck if the scapula is fixed. It protracts the scapula if the humerus is fixed.

it flexes the neck if the scapula is fixed

Which of the following best describes the insertion of the extensor digitorum? It indirectly inserts on all digits of the hand. It indirectly inserts on all digits of the hand except the thumb. It directly inserts on all digits of the hand. It directly inserts on all digits of the hand except the thumb. It directly inserts on the index finger only.

it indirectly inserts on all digits of the hand except the thumb

Which one of these muscles helps to open the mouth (depress the mandible)? Zygomaticus major Digastric Sternohyoid Depressor anguli oris Hyoglossus

Digastric

In lifting a heavy weight from the floor, one should use the power of the __________ in order to avoid straining the lower back. biceps brachii and brachialis gastrocnemius and soleus external and internal abdominal obliques knee and hip extensors trapezius and latissimus dorsi

knee and hip extensors

Groups of muscles are separated by which of the following? Epimysium Fascicles Perimysium Fascia Endomysium

Fascia

Which of the following muscles of facial expression is not innervated by the facial nerve? Orbicularis oculi Zygomaticus major Corrugator supercilii Levator palpebrae superioris Buccinator

Levator palpebrae superioris

An injury that results in complete functional loss of the ulnar nerve will affect which of the following muscles? Abductor digiti minimi Abductor pollicis brevis Flexor carpi radialis Brachioradialis Extensor indicis

abductor digiti minimi

Which cranial nerve innervates the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius? Abducens Facial Vagus Accessory Trigeminal

accessory

The palatoglossus is innervated by which nerve(s)? Hypoglossal Accessory Vagus Hypoglossal and accessory Accessory and vagal

accessory and vagal

Which of the following muscles is in the medial compartment of the thigh? Soleus Adductor longus Piriformis Vastus medialis Semimembranosus

adductor longus

Which of the following muscles adducts and medially rotates the thigh? Gracilis Piriformis Adductor magnus Rectus femoris Sartorius

adductor magnus

Which of the following is an intrinsic muscle of the hand? Extensor carpi radialis brevis Adductor pollicis Extensor pollicis longus Extensor indicis Abductor pollicis longus

adductor pollicis

Based on what you know about muscle attachments, which of the following is true? An insertion generally moves towards an origin in contraction. An origin generally moves towards an insertion in contraction. An insertion generally moves towards another insertion in contraction. An origin generally moves towards another origin in contraction.

an insertion generally moves towards an origin in contraction

What term best describes the relationship between the pronator quadratus and supinator? Fixators Antagonists Synergists Prime movers Depressors

antagonists

The serratus anterior is innervated by which nerve? Accessory Dorsal scapular Long thoracic Lateral pectoral Axillary

long thoracic

The ________ originates on the zygomatic arch and inserts on the angle of the mandible. masseter buccinator temporalis genioglossus stylohyoid

masseter

A point of convergence for several muscles of the lower face is the __________. retinaculum aponeurotica modiolus nuchal line galea

modiolus

The study of the muscular system is known as __________. kinesiology pathophysiology myology biology neurology

myology

After taking their wedding vows, a bride and groom often ceremonially use which of the following muscles before walking away from the altar? Depressor anguli oris Orbicularis oris Levator labii superioris Platysma Quadriceps femoris

obicularis oris

The rectus abdominis is a __________ muscle, while the rectus femoris is a __________ muscle. fusiform; parallel parallel; bipennate convergent; unipennate bipennate; parallel multipennate; convergent

parallel; bipennate

Which muscle acting on the arm assists in deep inspiration? Pectoralis major Trapezius Teres minor Diaphragm Deltoid

pectoralis major

The rectus femoris is an example of what muscle shape? Fusiform Parallel Triangular Elongated Pennate

pennate

A skateboarder falls and lands directly on his buttocks and lower back. He does not feel much pain and continues skating. After a couple of days he begins experiencing right hip pain and notices his right foot and leg are rotated to the right. A doctor diagnoses a muscle spasm. Which of the following muscles is most likely causing the leg and foot rotation? Quadratus lumborum Tibialis posterior Piriformis Adductor longus Sacrospinalis

piriformis

A skydiver's parachute fails to deploy. After some struggle, his reserve chute deploys in time to save his life. However, his landing is harder than normal and he feels his knee slightly hyperextend. He shakes it off and goes about his normal routine. Later that day he begins experiencing knee pain. Two days later he notices that his knee "pops" when he crouches and soon discovers he has dislocated his femur on the knee. What muscle was likely injured initially? Popliteus Tensor fasciae latae Soleus Sartorius Quadriceps femoris

popliteus

When a nurse draws blood, it is not uncommon for the needle to penetrate which muscle near the cubital region? Pronator quadratus Semimembranosus Pronator teres Buccinator Supinator

pronator teres

Unilateral contraction of which muscle causes ipsilateral flexion of the lumbar vertebral column? Multifidus Latissimus dorsi External intercostals Serratus anterior Quadratus lumborum

quadratus lumborum

Tendinous intersections divide the __________ into segments that are externally visible on the abdomen of a well-muscled person. vastus lateralis serratus anterior rectus abdominis quadriceps femoris transverse abdominal

rectus abdominis

55.Award: 1.53 out of 1.53 points A clinician induces contraction of the gastrocnemius and soleus and notices that the foot does not plantar flex as expected. Which of the following would be a logical diagnosis? Peroneal nerve injury Ruptured calcaneal tendon Anterior compartment syndrome Shinsplints Lateral plantar nerve injury

ruptured calcaneal tendon

What is the longest muscle in the human body? Iliopsoas Sartorius Erector spinae Semitendinosus Semimembranosus

sartorius

Which of the following is not a function of the muscular system? Stability Heat production Control of openings Secretion Breathing

secretion

Which muscle is innervated by the tibial nerve? Extensor digitorum longus Tibialis anterior Semimembranosus Fibularis longus Vastus lateralis

semimembranosus

Which of the following muscles is responsible for medially rotating the tibia on the femur when the knee is flexed? Piriformis Semitendinosus Adductor brevis Vastus medialis Sartorius

semitendinosus

Which of the following correctly states the origin and insertion of the sternocleidomastoid? Sternal manubrium and lateral one-third of clavicle; mastoid process and lateral half of superior nuchal line Sternal manubrium and medial half of clavicle; mastoid process and medial one-third of superior nuchal line Sternal manubrium and medial one-third of clavicle; mastoid process and lateral half of superior nuchal line Sternal manubrium and lateral half of clavicle; mastoid process and lateral one-third of superior nuchal line Mastoid process and lateral half of superior nuchal line; sternal manubrium, medial one-third of clavicle

sternal manubrium and medial one-third of clavicle; mastoid process and lateral half of superior nuchal line

In a whiplash injury, the neck undergoes forced hyperextension then hyperflexion, injuring multiple muscles in the neck. Which of the following muscles would be injured during the hyperextension phase of the injury? Trapezius Splenius capitis Sternocleidomastoid Semispinalis capitis Levator scapulae

sternocleidomastoid

Which muscle originates at the manubrium, inserts on the thyroid cartilage, and aids in singing low notes? Omohyoid Thyrohyoid Sternothyroid Stylohyoid Lateral pterygoid

sternothyroid

A baseball pitcher who injures one of his SITS muscles most commonly sustains tears to the tendon of which muscle? Supraspinatus Infraspinatus Teres minor Subscapularis Deltoid

supraspinatus

Which term best describes the relationship of the deltoid and SITS muscles during shoulder abduction? Prime movers Antagonists Synergists Fixators Adductors

synergists

Which of the following muscles of mastication would be responsible for mandibular elevation? Temporalis Lateral pterygoid Stylohyoid Zygomaticus major Zygomaticus minor

temporalis

After childbirth, a woman begins experiencing tremendous pain in her groin, making it difficult for her to walk. An X-ray shows a fracture extending from her symphysis pubis to the inferior ramus of the pubis. As a result of the fracture, which group of muscles might be impaired? Hip flexors Thigh abductors Hip extensors Lateral rotators Thigh adductors

thigh adductors

You hear a loud noise behind you and look back over your left shoulder. Which of the following is true? This was a contralateral contraction of your right sternocleidomastoid muscle. This was a contralateral contraction of your left sternocleidomastoid muscle. This was an ipsilateral contraction of your right sternocleidomastoid muscle. This was an ipsilateral contraction of your left sternocleidomastoid muscle.

this was a contralateral contraction of your right sternocleidomastoid muscle

The deepest muscle of the abdominal wall is the __________. transverse abdominal internal oblique rectus abdominis latissimus dorsi pectoralis minor

transverse abdominal

Which of the following muscles is not externally visible on the trunk of the body? Transverse abdominal Latissimus dorsi Trapezius Pectoralis major External abdominal oblique

transverse abdominal

Which of the following extensors of the head is the most superficial? Trapezius Semispinalis capitis Splenius capitis Sternocleidomastoid Temporalis

trapezius

The muscles that laterally rotate and depress the scapula, as in shrugging and lowering the shoulders, are the __________. trapezius and serratus anterior pectoralis minor and serratus anterior levator scapulae and rhomboideus trapezius and rhomboideus trapezius and latissimus dorsi

trapezius and serratus anterior

A male sustains a crushing injury to his foot. After weeks of care, he begins to notice that he cannot bend the little toe on his right foot. Which of he following would be a logical diagnosis? Atrophy of the flexor hallucis brevis Atrophy of the fibularis brevis Atrophy of the soleus Atrophy of the flexor digiti minimi Atrophy of the adductor hallucis

atrophy of the flexor digiti minimi

The antagonist to the triceps brachii is the __________. deltoid anconeus biceps brachii supinator teres minor

biceps brachii

An Olympic sprinter readies for a race. After the sound of the starting gun, he propels himself forward from the starting block and immediately grimaces in pain, grabbing for the back of his thigh. Within 48 hours he begins noticing extensive bruising on the back of his thigh extending into the back of the knee. He now has difficulty rising from a seated position and flexing his knee. Bending at the waist generates more pain. Which muscle is likely injured? Gluteus maximus Popliteus Biceps femoris Gastrocnemius Iliopsoas

biceps femoris

Which of the following muscles inserts on the head of the fibula? Extensor digitorum longus Tibialis anterior Popliteus Biceps femoris Semitendinosus

biceps femoris

A heavyset middle-aged insurance salesman, who doesn't exercise often, accepts his friend's invitation to a pickup basketball game. When attempting a jump shot, he falls to the ground in pain, grasping at the calf of his leg. There is an enormous bulge in his leg immediately below the popliteal fossa, and he is unable to plantar flex that foot. Most likely he has injured his __________ and the bulge is __________. quadriceps tendon; his rectus femoris calcaneal tendon; his triceps surae patellar ligament; his fibularis longus tibia; a previously undetected bone tumor hamstrings; a large hematoma (blood clot)

calcaneal tendon; his triceps surae

Which muscle(s) of respiration is(are) innervated by the phrenic nerve? Diaphragm External intercostals Internal intercostals Innermost intercostals Pectoralis major

diaphragm

Which of the following muscles is the prime mover for inhalation? Internal intercostals External intercostals Diaphragm Stylohyoid Hyoglossus

diaphragm

Which of the following describes muscular tissue emerging directly from bone rather than being separated from it by an obvious tendon? Direct attachment Indirect attachment Inverted attachment Insertion Origin

direct attachment

While sitting at your desk, you drop your pencil onto the floor. You bend over to pick up the pencil. In order to straighten up and continue your exam you must use which of the following muscles? Tibialis anterior Erector spinae Semimembranosus Tibialis anterior and semimembranosus Extensor hallucis longus

erector spinae

Tennis elbow is a common term describing injury to the origin of which of the following? Extensor hallucis longus Pronator quadratus Extensor carpi radialis longus Subscapularis Flexor digitorum profundus

extensor carpi radialis longus

Some people suffer involuntary urination due to incompetence of what muscle? External urethral sphincter Bulbospongiosus Compressor urethrae Ischiocavernosus Levator ani

external urethral sphincter

Which term below best describes the deltoid? Fusiform Intrinsic Involuntary Extrinsic Parallel

extrinsic

Muscle fibers are arranged in bundles called ___________. compartments fascicles retinacula aponeuroses groups

fascicles

A butcher who cuts the distal portion of his fingers may cut the __________ tendon. flexor pollicis longus flexor carpi ulnaris palmaris longus adductor pollicis flexor digitorum profundus

flexor digitorum profundus

Carpal tunnel pressure is sometimes relieved by surgically excising part or all of which structure? Palmar aponeurosis Extensor retinaculum Flexor retinaculum Extensor aponeurosis Median nerve

flexor retinaculum

The semitendinosus is an example of what muscle shape? Triangular Fusiform Sphincter Convergent Pennate

fusiform

The occipitalis and frontalis are connected via the __________. galea retinaculum galea aponeurotica galea cranium galea orbicularis galea neurotica

galea aponeurotica

Which of the following muscles is innervated by the obturator nerve? Gracilis Biceps femoris Tibialis anterior Soleus Sartorius

gracilis

The aponeurosis of the external oblique forms the ________ at its inferior margin. linea alba rectus sheath linea semilunaris medial retinaculum inguinal ligament

inguinal ligament