CHAPTER 10
log file
A file that contains past system events
IPP
Internet printing protocol A printing protocol that can be used to send print jobs across a TCP/IP network, such as the Internet, using HTTP or HTTPS.
LPD
Line PRinter Daemon A printing system typically used on legacy Linux computers.
groups command
Lists group membership for a user
id command
Lists the UID and GIDs for a user
queeuing
spooling
rsyslogd
system log daemon The daemon that logs system events to various log files via information stored in /etc/rsyslog.conf and files within the /etc/rsyslog.d directory
priamry group
the group that is specified for a user in the /etc/passwd file and set as the froup owner for all files created by the user
priority
the importance of logging system events
pritn job
the information send to a printer for printing
spooling
the process of accepting a pritn job into the print qeueu
pwunconV
use to disable the use of the /etc/shadow/file
useradd command
used to add an user account to the system
passwd command
used to change a users password
chsh command
used to change a valid shell to an invalid shell
chfn command
used to change the GECOS for a user
lpr command
used to create print jobs in the print qeue in LPD
pwconv command
used to enable the use of /etc/shaddow file
chage command
used to modify password expiry information for user accounts
user command
used to modify the properties of a user account on the system
userdel command
used to remove a user account
cancel command
used to remove print jobs
lprm commadn
used to remove print jobs from the print queue in LPD
newgrp command
used to temporarily change the primary group of a user
lpstat command
used to view the contentsof print qeueues and pritner information in the CUPS
False
Along with a listing of user accounts, the /etc/passwd file contains information on account expiry. True or False?
CupsD
Cups daemon the daemon responsible for printing in the cups printing system
userdel deluser
Emily accidentally created a new user account on the wrong server. Which of the following commands could she use to delete the account she created? (Choose all that apply.)
GECOS
General Electric Comprehensive Operating System (GECOS) The field in the /etc/passwd file that contains a description of the user account.
GID
Group Identifier (GID) A unique number given to each group.
c. /etc/rsyslog.conf
In which file can you configure rules for logging on a Linux system?
/etc/skel
In which of the following directories can you place files that will be copied to new user directories when new users are created?
/var/log
Most log files on the system are found in which directory?
jorurnald
Systemd Journal Daemon (journald) A Systemd component that logs system events to a journal database.
journalctl
What command can you use to view journald log entries on a system that uses Systemd?
facility
The area of the system from which information is gathered when logging system events
user account
The information regarding a user that is stored in a system database (/etc/passwd and /etc/shadow), which can be used to log in to the system and gain access to system resources.
printing
The process of sending print jobs from the print queue to the printer is called _____.
/etc/passwd
What is the name of the file that contains a listing of all users on the system and their home directories?
logrotate
What is the name of the utility used to rotate log files?
authentication
What is the term used to describe a user providing a user name and password to log in to a system?
lock an account
To make an account temporarily unusable by altering the password information for it stored on the system.
False
UIDs and GIDs are unique to the system and, once used, can never be reused. True or False?
groupadd command
Used to add a group to the system
cupsaccept
Used to allow a printer to accept jobs into the print queue.
cupsenable command
Used to allow print jobs to leave the print queue
jorunalctl
Used to configure journald, as well as to view log entries in the journald database.
lp command
Used to create print jobs in the print queue in the CUPS printing system.
systemd-cat command
Used to create system log entries in the journald database.
logger command
Used to create system log entries.
groupdel command
Used to delete a group from the system.
getent command
Used to display the entries within system databases, such as /etc/passwd, /etc/shadow, and /etc/group
cupsreject command
Used to force a printer to reject jobs from entering the print queue.
groupmod command
Used to modify the name or GID of a group on the system.
lpadmin command
Used to perform printer administration in the CUPS printing system.
cupsdisable command
Used to prevent print jobs from leaving the print queue.
logrotate command
Used to rotate log files; typically uses the configuration information stored in /etc/logrotate.conf.
lpq command
Used to view the contents of print queues in the LPD printing system.
lpc command
Used to view the status of, and control printers in, the LPD printing system
UID
User Identifier (UID) A unique number assigned to each user account.
the print queue accepts jobs into the print queue and holds them there until the printer is enabled again
When a printer is disabled, ________.
the print queue does not accept jobs and sends a message to the user noting that the printer is unavailable
When a printer is rejecting requests,____________.
facility, priority
When referring to the /etc/rsyslog.conf file, __________ specifies information from a certain area of the system, whereas ________ is the level of importance of that information.
lp -d Printer1 file lp file
Which command can be used to send a print job to the default printer named Printer1? (Choose all that apply.)
newgrp
Which command can be used to temporarily alter the primary group associated with a given user?
usermod -L username
Which command can you use to lock a user account?
userdel username
Which command is used to delete a user account?
passwd -u username
Which command would you use to unlock a user account?
/etc/login.defs
Which file contains default information such as UID and GID ranges and minimum password length to be used at user creation?
groups
Which of the following commands can a user run to display the groups that they are a member of?
userdel
Which of the following commands can be used to delete a user account?
cupsdisable Printer1
Which of the following commands can be used to pause a printer named Printer1?
delgroup groupdel
Which of the following commands can be used to remove a group from a Linux system? (Choose all that apply.)
lpoptions -d printer1
Which of the following commands can be used to set the default printer for all users on a Linux system where printer1 is the name of the printer?
a. usermod -f 15 jsmith
Which of the following commands can be used to set the number of days until user account jsmith with an expired password is disabled?
journalctl
Which of the following commands can you use to view events within the journald database?
lpstat -o printer1
Which of the following commands will display the print jobs in the print queue for printer1 only?
wheel
Which of the following is a special group that provides its members with the ability to run the su and sudo commands?
username
Which of the following is the first field of the /etc/passwd file?
-c
Which of the following options can be used with the usermod command to change the description of the user account that is stored in the GECOS field?
getent /etc/shadow cat /etc/shadow
Which of the following will display the contents of the /etc/shadow file? (Choose all that apply.)
chage -l jsmith
Which of the following will show account aging information for a user such as the date of the last password change, when the password expires, and the number of days of warning before the password expires?
true
You can clear a log file simply by redirecting nothing into it. True or False?
True
You can lock a user account by changing the default login shell to an invalid shell in /etc/passwd. True or False?
cancel Printer1-17 Printer1-21
You use lpstat and determine that a user named User1 has placed two large print jobs in the queue for Printer1 that have yet to start printing. They have print job IDs of Printer1-17 and Printer1-21, respectively. Which command would you use to remove these two jobs from the print queue?
printers tool
a GUI used to configure printers in fedora
print qeueu
a directory on the fs that hold sprint jos that are waiting to be printed
skleteton directory
a directory that contains files that are copied to all new users home directories upon creation /etc/ske
printer class
a group of CUPS printers that are treated as a single printer
agent
a software component that is installed on a linux system that communicates to another computer
print job ID
a unique numeric identifier used to mark and distinguish print jobs
cups web admin tool
a web based management tool for the CUPS printing system
CUPS
common unix printing systems the printing system commonly used on linux computers