CHAPTER 10

log file

A file that contains past system events

IPP

Internet printing protocol A printing protocol that can be used to send print jobs across a TCP/IP network, such as the Internet, using HTTP or HTTPS.

LPD

Line PRinter Daemon A printing system typically used on legacy Linux computers.

groups command

Lists group membership for a user

id command

Lists the UID and GIDs for a user

queeuing

spooling

rsyslogd

system log daemon The daemon that logs system events to various log files via information stored in /etc/rsyslog.conf and files within the /etc/rsyslog.d directory

priamry group

the group that is specified for a user in the /etc/passwd file and set as the froup owner for all files created by the user

priority

the importance of logging system events

pritn job

the information send to a printer for printing

spooling

the process of accepting a pritn job into the print qeueu

pwunconV

use to disable the use of the /etc/shadow/file

useradd command

used to add an user account to the system

passwd command

used to change a users password

chsh command

used to change a valid shell to an invalid shell

chfn command

used to change the GECOS for a user

lpr command

used to create print jobs in the print qeue in LPD

pwconv command

used to enable the use of /etc/shaddow file

chage command

used to modify password expiry information for user accounts

user command

used to modify the properties of a user account on the system

userdel command

used to remove a user account

cancel command

used to remove print jobs

lprm commadn

used to remove print jobs from the print queue in LPD

newgrp command

used to temporarily change the primary group of a user

lpstat command

used to view the contentsof print qeueues and pritner information in the CUPS

False

Along with a listing of user accounts, the /etc/passwd file contains information on account expiry. True or False?

CupsD

Cups daemon the daemon responsible for printing in the cups printing system

userdel deluser

Emily accidentally created a new user account on the wrong server. Which of the following commands could she use to delete the account she created? (Choose all that apply.)

GECOS

General Electric Comprehensive Operating System (GECOS) The field in the /etc/passwd file that contains a description of the user account.

GID

Group Identifier (GID) A unique number given to each group.

c. /etc/rsyslog.conf

In which file can you configure rules for logging on a Linux system?

/etc/skel

In which of the following directories can you place files that will be copied to new user directories when new users are created?

/var/log

Most log files on the system are found in which directory?

jorurnald

Systemd Journal Daemon (journald) A Systemd component that logs system events to a journal database.

journalctl

What command can you use to view journald log entries on a system that uses Systemd?

facility

The area of the system from which information is gathered when logging system events

user account

The information regarding a user that is stored in a system database (/etc/passwd and /etc/shadow), which can be used to log in to the system and gain access to system resources.

printing

The process of sending print jobs from the print queue to the printer is called _____.

/etc/passwd

What is the name of the file that contains a listing of all users on the system and their home directories?

logrotate

What is the name of the utility used to rotate log files?

authentication

What is the term used to describe a user providing a user name and password to log in to a system?

lock an account

To make an account temporarily unusable by altering the password information for it stored on the system.

False

UIDs and GIDs are unique to the system and, once used, can never be reused. True or False?

groupadd command

Used to add a group to the system

cupsaccept

Used to allow a printer to accept jobs into the print queue.

cupsenable command

Used to allow print jobs to leave the print queue

jorunalctl

Used to configure journald, as well as to view log entries in the journald database.

lp command

Used to create print jobs in the print queue in the CUPS printing system.

systemd-cat command

Used to create system log entries in the journald database.

logger command

Used to create system log entries.

groupdel command

Used to delete a group from the system.

getent command

Used to display the entries within system databases, such as /etc/passwd, /etc/shadow, and /etc/group

cupsreject command

Used to force a printer to reject jobs from entering the print queue.

groupmod command

Used to modify the name or GID of a group on the system.

lpadmin command

Used to perform printer administration in the CUPS printing system.

cupsdisable command

Used to prevent print jobs from leaving the print queue.

logrotate command

Used to rotate log files; typically uses the configuration information stored in /etc/logrotate.conf.

lpq command

Used to view the contents of print queues in the LPD printing system.

lpc command

Used to view the status of, and control printers in, the LPD printing system

UID

User Identifier (UID) A unique number assigned to each user account.

the print queue accepts jobs into the print queue and holds them there until the printer is enabled again

When a printer is disabled, ________.

the print queue does not accept jobs and sends a message to the user noting that the printer is unavailable

When a printer is rejecting requests,____________.

facility, priority

When referring to the /etc/rsyslog.conf file, __________ specifies information from a certain area of the system, whereas ________ is the level of importance of that information.

lp -d Printer1 file lp file

Which command can be used to send a print job to the default printer named Printer1? (Choose all that apply.)

newgrp

Which command can be used to temporarily alter the primary group associated with a given user?

usermod -L username

Which command can you use to lock a user account?

userdel username

Which command is used to delete a user account?

passwd -u username

Which command would you use to unlock a user account?

/etc/login.defs

Which file contains default information such as UID and GID ranges and minimum password length to be used at user creation?

groups

Which of the following commands can a user run to display the groups that they are a member of?

userdel

Which of the following commands can be used to delete a user account?

cupsdisable Printer1

Which of the following commands can be used to pause a printer named Printer1?

delgroup groupdel

Which of the following commands can be used to remove a group from a Linux system? (Choose all that apply.)

lpoptions -d printer1

Which of the following commands can be used to set the default printer for all users on a Linux system where printer1 is the name of the printer?

a. usermod -f 15 jsmith

Which of the following commands can be used to set the number of days until user account jsmith with an expired password is disabled?

journalctl

Which of the following commands can you use to view events within the journald database?

lpstat -o printer1

Which of the following commands will display the print jobs in the print queue for printer1 only?

wheel

Which of the following is a special group that provides its members with the ability to run the su and sudo commands?

username

Which of the following is the first field of the /etc/passwd file?

-c

Which of the following options can be used with the usermod command to change the description of the user account that is stored in the GECOS field?

getent /etc/shadow cat /etc/shadow

Which of the following will display the contents of the /etc/shadow file? (Choose all that apply.)

chage -l jsmith

Which of the following will show account aging information for a user such as the date of the last password change, when the password expires, and the number of days of warning before the password expires?

true

You can clear a log file simply by redirecting nothing into it. True or False?

True

You can lock a user account by changing the default login shell to an invalid shell in /etc/passwd. True or False?

cancel Printer1-17 Printer1-21

You use lpstat and determine that a user named User1 has placed two large print jobs in the queue for Printer1 that have yet to start printing. They have print job IDs of Printer1-17 and Printer1-21, respectively. Which command would you use to remove these two jobs from the print queue?

printers tool

a GUI used to configure printers in fedora

print qeueu

a directory on the fs that hold sprint jos that are waiting to be printed

skleteton directory

a directory that contains files that are copied to all new users home directories upon creation /etc/ske

printer class

a group of CUPS printers that are treated as a single printer

agent

a software component that is installed on a linux system that communicates to another computer

print job ID

a unique numeric identifier used to mark and distinguish print jobs

cups web admin tool

a web based management tool for the CUPS printing system

CUPS

common unix printing systems the printing system commonly used on linux computers