Chapter 10: Muscular System

What is the action of the quadriceps femoris?

Extend the knee

Choose the actions of the gluteus maximus from the list below. Multiple select question. Medially rotates thigh Extends thigh at the hip Flexes knee Abducts thigh Flexes thigh

Extends thigh at the hip Abducts thigh

Which are muscles of the anterior abdominal wall? Multiple select question. Rectus abdominis Diaphragm Transverse abdominal Latissimus dorsi Internal abdominal oblique External abdominal oblique

Rectus abdominis Transverse abdominal Internal/External abdominal oblique

Together the iliocostalis, the longissimus, and the spinalis form a muscle called the ____________ spinae.

erector

The biceps brachii __________ the elbow. (Use an action word to complete the sentence.)

flexes

Which describes the endomysium? Multiple choice question. A connective tissue sheath bundling many muscle fibers into a fascicle The plasma membrane of an individual muscle cell A loose connective tissue layer around each individual muscle cell A connective tissue sheath surrounding an entire muscle

A loose connective tissue layer around each individual muscle cell

The pectoralis major acts on the humerus to do which of the following? Multiple select question. Laterally rotate the arm Abduct the arm Adduct the arm Medially rotate the arm Flex the arm

Adduct the arm Medially rotate the arm Flex the arm

What is another word for prime mover?

Agonist

Which term refers to a muscle that produces most of the force during a particular joint action? Multiple choice question. Antagonist Fixator Synergist Agonist

Agonist

Which is a deep muscle of the back that runs vertically from the cranium to the sacrum? Multiple choice question. Trapezius Rectus abdominis Latissimus dorsi Erector spinae

Erector spinae

The rectus abdominis, transverse abdominal, and abdominal oblique muscles are are all located in which part of the body? Multiple choice question. Wrist and forearm Pelvic floor Anterior abdominal wall Back

Anterior abdominal wall

Compartment of thigh with muscle group it contains: Anterior compartment Posterior compartment Medial compartment Knee extensors Thigh adductors Knee flexors

Anterior- knee extensors Posterior- knee flexors Medial- thigh adductors

Identify the proximal attachments of the gluteus maximus. Multiple select question. Coccyx Ilium Ischium Sacrum

Coccyx Ilium Sacrum

The perineum is bordered by which of the following bony landmarks? Multiple select question. Coccyx Ischial tuberosities Pubic symphysis Occipital protuberance Reason: The perineum is a diamond-shaped area between the thighs. The occipital protuberance in on the back of the skull. Zygomatic arch Reason: The perineum is a diamond-shaped area between the thighs. The zygomatic arch is the cheekbone of the face.

Coccyx Ischial tuberosities Pubic symphysis Occipital protuberance Zygomatic arch

Select all that apply What are the functions of skeletal muscle? Multiple select question. Control of body openings and passages Formation of new blood cells Heat production Blood sugar regulation

Control of body openings and passages Heat production Blood sugar regulation

Which muscle is the prime mover of inspiration? (responsible for ~2/3 air intake) Pectoralis major Internal intercostals External intercostals Diaphragm

Diaphragm

What is the action of the zygomaticus major?

Draws the angle of the mouth upward and laterally, smiles?

Which is a large posterior thigh muscle that is active in stair climbing, running, and elevation of the trunk after stooping? Soleus Extensor digitorum longus Gluteus maximus Biceps femoris

Gluteus maximus

The posterior compartment of the thigh contains which group of muscles?

Hamstring muscles

Contraction of the left scalene muscles tilts the head toward the left shoulder. What type of movement is this? Ipsilateral Bilateral Contralateral

Ipsilateral Bilateral movements involve both sides equally. For example, bilateral action of the scalenes flexes the neck. Contralateral head movements occur when contraction of a muscle causes the head to move toward the opposite side. For example, contraction of the left sternocleidomastoid causes the head to turn to the right.

Which muscle is a sphincter of the eyelid that encircles and closes the eye? Levator palpebrae superioris Orbicularis oculi Levator anguli oris Orbicularis oris

Levator palpebrae superioris Reason: The levator palpebrae superioris is not a sphincter. It lies deep in the orbit and acts to open the eye. Orbicularis oculi Levator anguli oris Reason: The levator anguli oris is located at the angle of the mouth. Orbicularis oris Reason: The orbicularis oris is a complex of muscles surrounding the lips.

Heads of the triceps brachii: Long head Lateral head Medial head

Long head- Inferior margin of glenoid cavity and joint capsule Lateral head- Posterior surface of proximal end of humerus Medial head- Posterior surface of entire humeral shaft

Which are functions of skeletal muscle? Multiple select question. Movement Joint stability Vitamin D synthesis Heat production

Movement Joint stability Heat production

The endomysium is a connective tissue sheath that wraps around which of the following? Multiple choice question. Muscle fascicle Entire muscle Muscle fiber Groups of muscles

Muscle fiber

Knowing the innervation to each muscle enables clinicians to diagnose which of the following? Multiple choice question. Osteoarthritis Nerve, spinal cord, and brain stem injuries Damage to blood vessels serving muscles Broken bones

Nerve, spinal cord, and brain stem injuries

What is the distal attachment of all three heads of the triceps brachii? Tuberosity of radius Coronoid process Coracoid process Olecranon

Olecranon

Which is a thick fleshy muscle in the mammary region? Pectoralis major Sternocleidomastoid Latissimus dorsi Deltoid

Pectoralis major

Which muscle flexes, adducts, and medially rotates the humerus? Multiple choice question. Pectoralis minor Reason: The pectoralis minor acts on the scapula, not the humerus. Trapezius Reason: The trapezius extends and laterally flexes the neck. Brachialis Reason: The brachialis is the prime mover of elbow flexion. Pectoralis major

Pectoralis major

Which term refers to the diamond-shaped area between the thighs that is bordered by the pubic symphysis, the coccyx, and the ischial tuberosities?

Perineum

The flexors of the knee are found in which compartment of the thigh? Anterior Posterior Medial

Posterior

What does the term "brevis" mean in the name of a muscle? Multiple choice question. triangular big short long

Short

Which best describes the action of the biceps brachii? Multiple choice question. Extends shoulder; flexes elbow Pronation; weakly flexes elbow Supination; flexes shoulder and elbow Extends shoulder; extends elbow

Supination; flexes shoulder and elbow

Skeletal muscle contraction helps produce body heat. (True/False)

T

Which muscle extends the knee, laterally rotates the tibia, aids in abduction and medial rotation of the femur, and tautens the iliotibial tract to brace the knee when the opposite foot is lifted? Multiple choice question. Tensor fasciae latae Tibialis anterior Iliacus Biceps femoris

Tensor fasciae latae The tibialis anterior dorsiflexes and inverts the foot. The iliacus flexes the thigh at the hip. The biceps femoris flexes the knee and extends the hip.

What does the term "depressor" refer to in the name depressor labii inferioris?

The action of the muscle

Which group of hand muscles is concerned with moving the thumb? Multiple choice question. Midpalmar group Thenar group Hypothenar group

Thenar group

Muscles in the thenar group act on which of the following? Multiple choice question. Wrist Elbow Thumb Little finger

Thumb

The distal attachment of the gracilis is on which bone? Tibia Fibula Femur

Tibia

Name the muscles that insert on the tibial tuberosity.

Vastus lateralis Rectus femoris Vastus intermedius Vastus medialis

The zygomatic bone and the superolateral angle of the mouth are the skeletal attachments for which muscle? Multiple choice question. Buccinator Platysma Mentalis Zygomaticus major

Zygomaticus major

Which muscle is located at the corner of the mouth? Multiple choice question. Levator palpebrae superioris Reason: The levator palpebrae superioris is located in the eyelid and orbit. Frontalis Reason: The frontalis is one of the two scalp muscles. Zygomaticus major Temporalis Reason: The temporalis is located on the side of the head.

Zygomaticus major

The ____________ of a muscle refers to the identity of the nerve that stimulates it.

innervation