Human Nutrition Chapter 10: Water Soluble Vitamins
Collagen synthesis, antioxidant activity, and assistance in immune system functioning are all functions of which vitamin?
Vitamin C
Which of the following are food sources of niacin?
Beef liver Salmon Tuna
Intestinal bacteria can produce which vitamin?
Biotin
Pantothenic acid is a component of
Coenzyme A
Which vitamin plays a role in over 200 reactions and is necessary for the release of energy?
Niacin
Which vitamin plays a role in the chemical reactions involved in the release of energy from carbohydrates?
Thiamin
Good sources of pantothenic acid are
chicken liver. mushrooms. sunflower seeds.
A healthy diet designed to reduce cancer risk would include
increasing your intake of fruits. limiting consumption of red meat. increasing your intake of whole grains.
How is a total parenteral solution administered?
into a vein
Three leading causes of cancer death for women are ______.
lung and bronchus cancer colorectum cancer breast cancer
Which vitamin do cells require to make coenzymes that participate in a variety of cellular processes, including the transfer of methylation in the metabolism of folate?
vitamin B-12
Compounds in fruits and vegetables that may help prevent cancer include
phytochemicals. carotenoids. vitamin C.
Why is lecithin added to certain foods?
to help keep watery and fatty ingredients mixed
is more bioavailable than the naturally occurring folate.
Folic acid
Which of the food groups provide the highest levels of vitamin C in the body?
Fruits and vegetables
is a toxic amino acid and vitamin B-6 plays a vital role in keeping it from accumulating in the blood.
Homocysteine
Which of the following are functions of vitamin C?
Immune system functioning Collagen synthesis
Liver, legumes, broccoli, and orange juice are all good sources of
folate.
The synthetic form of folate is called
folic acid
Which foods contain the richest sources of folate?
fortified cereals enriched grains
What are some signs and symptoms of a vitamin B-6 deficiency?
Convulsions Anemia Dermatitis
T or F? Pantothenic acid is so rare in our foods that nutritional deficiencies are common.
False
T or F? The absorption of vitamin B-12 occurs more readily when vitamin B-12 is in its natural form versus the synthetic form of the micronutrient.
False
Shellfish, poultry, meat, and eggs are all good sources of which vitamin?
Vitamin B-12
Niacin participates in which of the following?
energy metabolism
Thiamin does not reach toxic levels in the body because
excess vitamin can be excreted in the urine.
The body is able to store which group of vitamins?
fat soluble vitamins
Choose functions of pantothenic acid.
needed for fatty acid synthesis component of coenzyme A releases energy from macronutrients
People with a disorder that disrupts tryptophan metabolism may have a deficiency of
niacin
Which of the following are good sources of vitamin C?
strawberries citrus fruits broccoli
Which form of vitamin B-12 is more readily absorbed?
synthetic form of vitamin B-12
Beef, salmon, potatoes, and sweet red peppers are all good sources of ______.
vitamin B-6
Which vitamin is a component of the two coenzymes FMN and FAD that play key roles in energy metabolism?
Riboflavin
is a component of two coenzymes that play key roles in energy metabolism, yogurt, and other milk products are some of the best sources of this vitamin.
Riboflavin
What are some food sources of vitamin B-6?
Salmon Walnuts Beef
Because exposure to tobacco smoke increases free radical formation in the lungs, smokers have a higher requirement for vitamin
C
What are some good food sources of folate?
Liver, leafy vegetables, asparagus
Which vitamin does not reach toxic levels in the body because it is readily excreted in urine?
Thiamin
______ is a water-soluble vitamin that is used to make a coenzyme that participates in chemical reactions involved in the release of energy from carbohydrates.
Thiamin
______ plays a vital role in keeping homocysteine from accumulating in the blood by converting it to cysteine.
Vitamin B-6
What are some food sources of riboflavin?
Yogurt Milk Spinach
In its coenzyme form, biotin participates in chemical reactions that
add carbon dioxide to other compounds
In the United States, people at risk for niacin deficiency include those with
anorexia nervosa. tryptophan metabolism disorder. alcoholism.
Choose the vitamins that are classified as water-soluble.
biotin pantothenic acid niacin folate
The neural tube in the human embryo eventually develops into the ______.
brain spinal cord
A group of chronic diseases characterized by cells that have undergone damage is
cancer
Biotin's roles in the body includes ______.
fatty acid synthesis glucose synthesis amino acid breakdown
A common food additive added to certain foods such as salad dressings and ice cream for its emulsifying properties is called
lecithin
Three leading causes of cancer death for men are ______.
prostate lung and bronchus colorectum
The water-soluble vitamins include
the B vitamins. vitamin C
A liquid mixture that provides nourishment to those who are unable to eat normally is called a
total parenteral solution.
In chemical reactions involved in the metabolism of macronutrients, water-soluble vitamins are
used as coenzymes.
People who eat little/no animal products may have a deficiency of
vitamin B-12
