Chapter 10: Opiates

T or F: Opiate drugs show cross dependence with alcohol.

False. Alcohol does not eliminate the symptoms of opiate withdrawal.

T or F: Heroin was first made illegal by the 1965 Drug Abuse Control Amendment.

False. All opiates were brought under legal control by the 1914 Harrison Narcotics Act.

T or F: Fentanyl and its analog compounds are less potent than pure heroin.

False. Fentanyl and fentanyl analogs range from ten to hundreds of times more potent than pure heroin.

T or F: Heroin enhances sexual desire and activity.

False. Heroin inhibits sexual arousal.

T or F: Heroin withdrawal is much like alcohol withdrawal.

False. It is characterized by flu and cold symptoms.

T or F: Veterans of the Vietnam War had a high rate of heroin addiction and were unable to kick the habit when they returned to the United States.

False. Most veterans were able to quit using heroin when they returned to their home environment.

T or F: Opium comes from the plant Cannabis sativa.

False. Opium comes from the poppy plant Papaver somniferum.

__________ is the major active chemical in opium and is about 10 times more potent than crude opium.

Morphine

Opium comes from ________, one of the many species of the poppy plant.

Papaver somniferum

T or F: More people die from drug overdoses than automobile accidents in the United States.

True.

T or F: The expression "cold turkey" comes from the "goosebumps" seen in addicts withdrawing from heroin.

True.

T or F: The opiates are among the most powerful analgesic drugs.

True.

T or F: The effects of opiates are synergistic with those of alcohol.

True. Alcohol and other depressant drugs act synergistically with heroin and other opiates, and these combinations are often fatal.

T or F: Morphine is one of the active ingredients in opium.

True. Morphine and codeine are chemicals derived directly from opium.

Heroin

A drug produced by chemically processing morphine. It is more potent than morphine and has become the major opiate drug of abuse

Opiates and ________ drugs potentiate one another.

depressant

Opiates are eliminated by the ____________

kidneys

Heroin is more ______ soluble.

lipid

Opiates ________ neurotransmitters.

mimic

Heroin is a pro drug, meaning it is converted to _________ in the brain.

morphine

analgesia

pain relief produced without a loss of consciousness

opium

the dried sap produced by the poppy plant