Chapter 11

What is Bernadette's waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) if she is measured with a waist circumference of 28 inches and a hip circumference of 33 inches?

0.85 waist divided by hip : 28 / 33 = .85

What step height is used for the YMCA 3-minute step test?

12 inches

Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA)

A body composition assessment technique that estimates body fat percentage by measuring the resistance to the flow of electrical currents introduced into the body.

What step cadence is used during the YMCA 3-minute step test?

A cadence of 96 steps per minute

What is the field of study of the measurement of living humans for purposes of understanding human physical variation in size, weight, and proportion?

Anthropometry

Steady-state (SS) heart rate

Any stage at which the physiological response of heart rate from the cardiovascular system becomes relatively constant in relation to the amount of work being performed the heart response matches the level of work being performed.

What principle is hydrostatic underwater weighing based upon?

Archimedes' principle

Which principle assumes that the volume of fluid displaced by an object is equivalent to the volume of the object fully immersed in that fluid or to the specific fraction of the volume below the surface?

Archimedes' principle

Where is the appropriate location to take a waist circumference measurement?

At the narrowest point of the waist, below the rib cage and just above the top of the hip bones (while standing)

Which of the following represents the measurement of a person's weight relative to their height?

Body mass index (BMI)

Which of the following health indicators is reflected in the PAR-Q+ and preparticipation process?

Desired exercise intensity

Into which category would a resting blood pressure score of 128/86 mm Hg fall?

Elevated

Anaerobic energy systems

Energy systems used to preform work in which glycogen is converted to glucose and oxygen is insufficient to break down pyruvate and create adenosine triphosphate.

TRUE OR FALSE? Fitness assessments that do not require physical exertion (such as the measurement of RHR, blood pressure, or body composition) should always be conducted after more vigorous fitness assessments (such as those that measure aerobic fitness, strength, or power output).

False

Which of the following is the initial assessment that should be completed prior to starting any exercise or training program?

Health risk assessment

Which screening tool is used to evaluate the benefits and risks associated with starting any type of exercise that is strenuous in nature?

Health risk assessment (HRA)

How is heart rate collected during the YMCA 3-minute step test to evaluate the cardiorespiratory fitness level of an individual?

It is measured over a 60-second count immediately following the test.

Durnin-Womersley Four-Site Measurement

Men Biceps, triceps, subscapular, and suprailiac Women Biceps, triceps, subscapular, and suprailiac

Jackson and Pollock 3-Site protocol

Men Chest, abdomen, thigh Women Triceps, suprailiac, thigh

Jackson and Pollock 7-Site protocol

Men Chest, mid-axillary, subscapular, triceps, abdomen, suprailiac, thigh Women Chest, mid-axillary, subscapular, triceps, abdomen, suprailiac, thigh

Which of the following is the part of the cell that uses nutrients to create energy for the cell?

Mitochondrion

In which BMI category would you classify Vincent if he has a BMI of 27?

Overweight- 25 - 29.9

Peripheral Vasodilation

The action of expanding the diameter of a blood vessel near the surface of the skin, which helps remove heat from the body.

Archimedes' principle

The assumption stating that the volume of an object fully immersed in that fluid or to the specific fraction of the volume below the surface.

In most individuals, to what pressure is the blood pressure cuff inflated when measuring resting blood pressure?

The cuff is inflated to a value of 20 to 30 mm Hg above the point at which the pulse can no longer be felt at the wrist.

Anthropometry

The field of study of the measurement of living humans for purposes of understanding human physical variation in size, weight, and proportion.

Blood pressure

The outward pressure exerted by the blood on the vessel walls.

Mitochondira

The part of the cell that uses nutrients to create energy for the cell; commonly known as the powerhouse of the cell.

Thermoregulation

The physiological process by which the body maintains a relatively constant internal body temperature, including events like sweating to cool the body and shivering to warm the body.

Ventilatory threshold 1 (VT1)

The point at which the body uses an equal mix of carbohydrate and fat as fuel sources.

Ventilatory threshold 2 (VT2)

The point where glucose provides nearly all of those energy for the activity.

Diastolic blood pressure

The pressure in arteries and other blood vessels when the heart is at rest pot between beats.

Systolic blood pressure

The pressure in arteries and other blood vessels when the heart is contracting.

How can systolic blood pressure be defined?

The pressure in arteries and other blood vessels when the heart is contracting; the first (top) number recorded

Brachial artery

The primary artery of the upper arm, which is often used as a site for measuring blood pressure.

Arterial system

The system of arteries carrying blood away from the heart.

Why does NASM recommend fitness professionals measure resting heart rate (RHR) at the radial pulse versus the carotid pulse?

The vagus nerve lies adjacent to the carotid artery, and pressure on this nerve can slow a client's heart rate response.

What is the physiological process by which the body maintains a relatively constant internal body temperature, including events like sweating to cool the body and shivering to warm the body?

Thermoregulation

What term is used to describe the physiological process by which the body maintains a relatively constant internal temperature?

Thermoregulation

What is the most valid measurement of aerobic fitness?

VO2max

Which of the following intensities best represents VT2 during the incremental test protocol?

When the individual responds with "no" when asked, "Can you speak competently?"

Which of the following tests uses recovery heart rate rather than exercising heart rate to evaluate cardiorespiratory fitness levels?

YMCA 3-minute step test