Chapter 11 Part 1

In 1850, a majority of southern slaveholders owned how many slaves?

1 to 5

Characteristics of the South and slavery in nineteenth-century America

1) the number of slaves and the economic and political importance of slavery grew 2) the slave population had grown up to 4 million, even with slave importation banned 3) slaves made up 1/3 of the South's population 4) 1/3 of the nation's cotton crop was west of the Mississippi

The U.S. slave population by 1860 was approximately:

4 million

On the eve of the Civil War, approximately how much of the world's cotton supply came from the southern United States?

75 percent

The term "Lords of the Loom" refers to:

New England early factory owners

Characteristics of the Upper South and the Deep South

Several Upper South states did not join the Confederacy at the time of the Civil War.

In the nineteenth century, which product was the world's major crop produced by slave labor?

Cotton

The end of slavery in most Latin American nations: [ended in what way]

Gradual emancipation accompanied by some kind of recognition of the owner's legal right to property in slaves

Who said that the language in the Declaration of Independence—that all men were created equal and entitled to liberty—was "the most false and dangerous of all political errors"?

John C. Calhoun

While the North emphasized egalitarianism, the South stressed:

a code of honor.

The internal slave trade in the United States involved the movement of hundreds of thousands of enslaved persons from:

older states like Virginia to the Lower South

To qualify as a member of the planter class, a person had to be engaged in southern agriculture and

own at least twenty slaves

In the South, the paternalist ethos:

reflected the hierarchical society in which the planter took responsibility for the lives of those around him.

From 1840 to 1860, the price of a "prime field hand":

rose about 80 percent, which made it harder for southern whites to enter the slaveholding class.

What economic effect did southern slavery have on the North?

The North's merchants and manufacturers participated in the slave economy and shared its profits; Northern ships transported cotton, it's banks financed cotton plantations, its companies insured slave property, and it's factories turned cotton into cloth

Characteristics of the South and its economy in the period from 1800 to 1860. NOT true:

The South produced nearly two-fifths of the nation's manufactured goods, especially cotton textiles.

John C. Calhoun and George Fitzhugh:

agreed that slavery was not a necessary evil but something actually positive and goo

The relationship between rich southern planters and poor southern farmers:

benefited in part from a sense of unity bred by criticism from outsiders.

By the late 1830s, the South's proslavery argument:

claimed that slavery was essential to human economic and cultural progress

Southern farmers in the backcountry:

generally worked the land using family labor.

Andrew Johnson of Tennessee and Joseph Brown of Georgia rose to political power:

in the 1850s, as members of the small but influential southern Republican Party.

Frederick Douglass argued that:

slaves were truer to the principles of the Declaration of Independence than were most white Americans.

Which event is credited with helping to ingrain the paternalist ethos more deeply into the lives of southern slaveholders?

the closing of the African slave trade

Defenders of American slavery claimed that British emancipation in the 1830s had been a failure because:

the freed slaves grew less sugarcane, which hurt the economy of the Caribbean.

What did the Reverend Charles C. Jones of Georgia do?

urge an end to slavery