Chapter 11 quiz questions
The atrioventricular (AV) node is indicated by ________.
Label B
The atrioventricular bundle (bundle of His) is represented by ________.
Label C
The bundle branches are indicated by ________.
Label D
The Purkinje fibers are indicated by ________.
Label E
The electrocardiogram (ECG) wave that results from the firing of the sinoatrial (SA) node is the ________ wave.
P wave
The length of the cardiac cycle is normally ________ second(s) in length.
0.8
The vagus nerve operates under the control of the parasympathetic nervous system and causes the ________.
heart rate to decrease
The partition where the bundle branches are located is called the ________.
interventricular septum
The organs served by the renal arteries and veins are the ________.
kidneys
The walls of the ________ are substantially thicker because that chamber acts as the more powerful systemic pump of the heart.
left ventricle
When the ventricles contract, the bicuspid (mitral) valve prevents blood from flowing from the ________.
left ventricle to the left atrium
What is the effect of parasympathetic nervous system control on the vascular system?
little to no effect
Pulmonary circulation involves blood flow to and from the heart and the ________.
lungs
Tunica ________, the middle layer of a typical blood vessel, contains smooth muscle and elastic fibers.
media
The heart is situated within the medial section of the thoracic cavity known as the ________.
mediastinum
The bicuspid valve is also referred to as the ________ valve.
mitral
The layer of the heart wall that receives the stimulus from letter E is called the ________.
myocardium
The external carotid artery serves the skin and muscles of the head and ________.
neck
The pressure that draws fluid into capillaries since blood has a higher solute concentration than interstitial fluid is known as ________.
osmotic pressure
Blood leaves the left ventricle through an artery known as the ________.
aorta
Which valve guards the base of the aorta and opens when the ventricles are contracting?
aortic semilunar valve
The pointed, inferior portion of the heart, known as the ________, rests on the diaphragm and is oriented toward the left hip.
apex
The two superior receiving chambers of the heart are known as the ________, while the two inferior discharging chambers of the heart are known as the ________.
aria; ventricles
Large blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart are called ________.
arteries
The path of blood flow within the systemic vascular system is ________.
arteries, arterioles, capillary beds, venules, veins
The first heart sound, "lub," is caused by the closure of the ________ valves.
atrioventricular
The valves located between the atria and ventricles are known as the ________ valves.
atrioventricular
Which of the following arteries is the first branch of the abdominal aorta?
celiac artery
The tiny white cords that anchor the cusps or flaps of endocardium to the walls of the ventricles are called the ________.
chordae tendineae
What anchors the flaps of the atrioventricular valves to the walls of the ventricles?
chordae tendineae
The heart sounds "lub" and "dup" result from ________.
closure of heart vavles
The internal iliac vein empties blood directly into the ________.
common iliac vein
When ventricles ________, the AV valves are closed.
contract
The sinoatrial node, located in the right atrium of the heart, is often called the ________.
pacemaker
Oxygented blood nourishing the myocardium comes from vessels that branch off the aorta called ________.
coronary arteries
The coronary veins empty blood from the myocardium into a large vein on the posterior side of the heart known as the ________.
coronary sinus
The alternating expansion and recoil of an artery that occurs with each beat of the left ventricle creates a pressure wave known as a(n) ________.
pulse
Which of the following blood vessels is a direct branch of the ascending aorta?
right and left coronary arteries
The sinoatrial node is located in the ________.
right atrium
The vessel that carries oxygenated and nutrient-rich blood to the fetus is the ________.
umbilical vein
Large veins have ________ to prevent the backflow of blood.
valves
The narrowing of blood vessels is known as ________.
vasoconstriction
Which of the following vessels has the lowest blood pressure?
venae cavae
During mid-to-late diastole, blood flows from the atria to the ________.
ventricles
Capillary beds are drained by vessels known as ________.
venules
The mitral valve is normally closed ________.
when the ventricle is in systole
Which of the following is NOT a method or pathway of movement for substances traveling across a capillary wall?
desmosomes
The brachial vein ________.
drains blood from the radial and ulnar veins, then empties that blood into the axillary vein
The flaplike opening in the interatrial septum of the fetus through which blood is shunted directly from the right atrium to the left atrium is the ________.
foramen ovale
Which fetal shunt bypasses the lungs by directly connecting the right atrium and the left atrium?
foramen ovale
The longest veins in the body drain the leg and are the ________.
great saphenous veins
The sinoatrial (SA) node is indicated by ________.
Label A
The largest artery in the body is the ________.
aorta
Which vessel carries deoxygenated blood from cardiac circulation to the right atrium of the heart?
coronary sinus
The single vessel that drains blood from the digestive tract organs to the liver is the ________.
hepatic portal vein
Sustained elevated arterial blood pressure above 140/90 mm Hg is a condition known as ________.
hypertension
Branches of the common carotid arteries, known as the ________, travel through the neck into the skull through the temporal bone to supply the brain and cerebral arterial circle (circle of Willis) with blood.
internal carotid arteries
The flow of blood through a capillary bed is called ________.
microcirculation
Arteries are normally depicted as red while veins are colored blue. The exceptions to this rule are the ________ arteries and veins.
pulmonary
The transportation of blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs and back to the left side of the heart is known as ________ circulation.
pulmonary
The average heart beats about ________ times per minute.
75
Fluid tends to be forced out of a capillary bed by ________ while ________ tends to draw fluid into the capillary bed.
blood pressure; osmotic pressure
Pulmonary arteries transport ________.
blood rich in carbon dioxide to the lungs
Which type of vessel is constructed only from tunica intima?
capillaries
The visceral layer of the serous pericardium is actually the same layer as the ________.
epicardium
Which of the following increases heart rate?
epinephrine
The volume of blood pumped out of a ventricle with each heartbeat is known as ________.
stroke volume
Veins draining the head and arms empty into the ________, which carries blood to the right atrium of the heart.
superior vena cava
The term that means heart contraction is ________.
systole
Coronary artery disease results from ________.
the accumulation of fatty substances within blood vessels