Chapter 11 quiz questions

The atrioventricular (AV) node is indicated by ________.

Label B

The atrioventricular bundle (bundle of His) is represented by ________.

Label C

The bundle branches are indicated by ________.

Label D

The Purkinje fibers are indicated by ________.

Label E

The electrocardiogram (ECG) wave that results from the firing of the sinoatrial (SA) node is the ________ wave.

P wave

The length of the cardiac cycle is normally ________ second(s) in length.

0.8

The vagus nerve operates under the control of the parasympathetic nervous system and causes the ________.

heart rate to decrease

The partition where the bundle branches are located is called the ________.

interventricular septum

The organs served by the renal arteries and veins are the ________.

kidneys

The walls of the ________ are substantially thicker because that chamber acts as the more powerful systemic pump of the heart.

left ventricle

When the ventricles contract, the bicuspid (mitral) valve prevents blood from flowing from the ________.

left ventricle to the left atrium

What is the effect of parasympathetic nervous system control on the vascular system?

little to no effect

Pulmonary circulation involves blood flow to and from the heart and the ________.

lungs

Tunica ________, the middle layer of a typical blood vessel, contains smooth muscle and elastic fibers.

media

The heart is situated within the medial section of the thoracic cavity known as the ________.

mediastinum

The bicuspid valve is also referred to as the ________ valve.

mitral

The layer of the heart wall that receives the stimulus from letter E is called the ________.

myocardium

The external carotid artery serves the skin and muscles of the head and ________.

neck

The pressure that draws fluid into capillaries since blood has a higher solute concentration than interstitial fluid is known as ________.

osmotic pressure

Blood leaves the left ventricle through an artery known as the ________.

aorta

Which valve guards the base of the aorta and opens when the ventricles are contracting?

aortic semilunar valve

The pointed, inferior portion of the heart, known as the ________, rests on the diaphragm and is oriented toward the left hip.

apex

The two superior receiving chambers of the heart are known as the ________, while the two inferior discharging chambers of the heart are known as the ________.

aria; ventricles

Large blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart are called ________.

arteries

The path of blood flow within the systemic vascular system is ________.

arteries, arterioles, capillary beds, venules, veins

The first heart sound, "lub," is caused by the closure of the ________ valves.

atrioventricular

The valves located between the atria and ventricles are known as the ________ valves.

atrioventricular

Which of the following arteries is the first branch of the abdominal aorta?

celiac artery

The tiny white cords that anchor the cusps or flaps of endocardium to the walls of the ventricles are called the ________.

chordae tendineae

What anchors the flaps of the atrioventricular valves to the walls of the ventricles?

chordae tendineae

The heart sounds "lub" and "dup" result from ________.

closure of heart vavles

The internal iliac vein empties blood directly into the ________.

common iliac vein

When ventricles ________, the AV valves are closed.

contract

The sinoatrial node, located in the right atrium of the heart, is often called the ________.

pacemaker

Oxygented blood nourishing the myocardium comes from vessels that branch off the aorta called ________.

coronary arteries

The coronary veins empty blood from the myocardium into a large vein on the posterior side of the heart known as the ________.

coronary sinus

The alternating expansion and recoil of an artery that occurs with each beat of the left ventricle creates a pressure wave known as a(n) ________.

pulse

Which of the following blood vessels is a direct branch of the ascending aorta?

right and left coronary arteries

The sinoatrial node is located in the ________.

right atrium

The vessel that carries oxygenated and nutrient-rich blood to the fetus is the ________.

umbilical vein

Large veins have ________ to prevent the backflow of blood.

valves

The narrowing of blood vessels is known as ________.

vasoconstriction

Which of the following vessels has the lowest blood pressure?

venae cavae

During mid-to-late diastole, blood flows from the atria to the ________.

ventricles

Capillary beds are drained by vessels known as ________.

venules

The mitral valve is normally closed ________.

when the ventricle is in systole

Which of the following is NOT a method or pathway of movement for substances traveling across a capillary wall?

desmosomes

The brachial vein ________.

drains blood from the radial and ulnar veins, then empties that blood into the axillary vein

The flaplike opening in the interatrial septum of the fetus through which blood is shunted directly from the right atrium to the left atrium is the ________.

foramen ovale

Which fetal shunt bypasses the lungs by directly connecting the right atrium and the left atrium?

foramen ovale

The longest veins in the body drain the leg and are the ________.

great saphenous veins

The sinoatrial (SA) node is indicated by ________.

Label A

The largest artery in the body is the ________.

aorta

Which vessel carries deoxygenated blood from cardiac circulation to the right atrium of the heart?

coronary sinus

The single vessel that drains blood from the digestive tract organs to the liver is the ________.

hepatic portal vein

Sustained elevated arterial blood pressure above 140/90 mm Hg is a condition known as ________.

hypertension

Branches of the common carotid arteries, known as the ________, travel through the neck into the skull through the temporal bone to supply the brain and cerebral arterial circle (circle of Willis) with blood.

internal carotid arteries

The flow of blood through a capillary bed is called ________.

microcirculation

Arteries are normally depicted as red while veins are colored blue. The exceptions to this rule are the ________ arteries and veins.

pulmonary

The transportation of blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs and back to the left side of the heart is known as ________ circulation.

pulmonary

The average heart beats about ________ times per minute.

75

Fluid tends to be forced out of a capillary bed by ________ while ________ tends to draw fluid into the capillary bed.

blood pressure; osmotic pressure

Pulmonary arteries transport ________.

blood rich in carbon dioxide to the lungs

Which type of vessel is constructed only from tunica intima?

capillaries

The visceral layer of the serous pericardium is actually the same layer as the ________.

epicardium

Which of the following increases heart rate?

epinephrine

The volume of blood pumped out of a ventricle with each heartbeat is known as ________.

stroke volume

Veins draining the head and arms empty into the ________, which carries blood to the right atrium of the heart.

superior vena cava

The term that means heart contraction is ________.

systole

Coronary artery disease results from ________.

the accumulation of fatty substances within blood vessels