chapter 11 review questions: blood
what are three factors for a decreased ability to blood clot?
1.) dietary deficiencies 2.) liver disease 3.) hemophilia
what are the three functions of blood?
1.) transportation 2.) Protection 3.) regulation
how long to red blood cells last?
120 days.
what is the female blood volume?
4-5 liters
what is the male blood volume?
5-6 liters
what is the composition of whole blood?
55% plasma and 45% formed elements
what is the second mechanism in the stoppage of bleeding?
a clump is formed that can seal a small break called a platelet plug.
what is the first mechanism in the stoppage of bleeding?
a spasm temporarily closes the opening left by the cut or tear.
what is no blood clumping called?
agglutination
what do lymphocytes produce?
antibodies
what do eosinophils do?
battle allergens
how are red blood cells shaped?
biconcave discs
what does it cause?
brain damage and possible death
what is the process of coagulation?
breaks> thromboplastin+ca2+> prothombin> thrombin> fibrinogen>fibrin>blood clot
what do basophils do?
cause inflamation
what is the third mechanism in the stoppage of bleeding?
coagulation
what is an agranulocyte?
contains granules that are not highly visible in cytoplasm.
what is a granulocyte?
contains highly visible granules in their cytoplasm.
what is the ABO system?
contains only two antigens: A and B
why is blood red?
due to the presence of hemoglobin in the red blood cells.
what is it called when the clot becomes detached?
embolus
what is another name for a red blood cell?
erythrocyte
what hormone regulates RBC prodcuction?
erythroprietin
what are the two types of white blood cells?
granulocytes and agranulocytes
what is the function of regulation?
helps maintain the acid base balance by the presence of buffers and helps regulate body temp.
what is the function of red blood cells?
hemoglobin binds to oxygen and delivers it to thee body cells.
what role do they play?
important role in prevention of fluid loss.
where are red blood cells produced?
in red bone marrow.
the presence of an RH antigen is a?
inharited trait.
what is another name for white blood cells?
leukocytes
what is plasma?
liquid portion of the blood.
what is the production of WBC called?
lymphopoiesis
what is the function of white blood cells?
protect the body from disease.
what is the function of protection?
protects against harmful microorganisms and toxins and against fluid loss.
no RH antigen means?
rh-negative.
a person who has RH antigen of their RBC is said to be?
rh-positive.
how are most people born?
rh-postive.
what is the RH system named after?
rhesus monkey.
what drug is used to prevent this from happening?
rhoGAM
what size are they?
small in size.
RH antigens are also present where?
the RBC membrane
what does thromboblastosis fetalis mean?
the unborn child suffers from anemia and lack of oxygen.
how are they formed?
they are formed from the fragmentation of a large precursor cell in the bone marrow.
this causes a condition called?
thromboblstosis fetalis
what is another name for a platelet
thrombocyte
what is an unneeded blood clot called?
thrombus
what is the goal of the blood transfunction?
to have no aggulation.
what is the function of transportation?
transports respiratory gases, nutrients, metabolic wastes and hormones.
where does this occur?
usually in the second pregnancy.
when does sensitization occur?
when a person with rh-negative blood receives a transfusion of rh-positive blood.
