Chapter 11 Study Plan

Which of the following scenes would require you to be extra​ vigilant? A. An unusually quiet scene B. A noisy scene room in a factory C. Police on scene motioning you in D. A large crowd at a daycare

A. An unusually quiet scene Vigilance should be increased any time the situation does not match your expectation. An unusually quiet scene would require an EMT to be extra vigilant. A large crowd can also be cause for​ concern, but in the context of a​ daycare, it would seem to be less concerning. Police presence can lessen your need for vigilance but does not eliminate it entirely. Noise can also require​ vigilance, but in a​ factory, noise would be expected and not unusual.

Why is it important to make observations during the scene​ size-up of the mechanism of injury in a car collision​ (i.e., rollover,​ frontal, rear​ end, or lateral​ crash)? A. It increases the index of suspicion. B. It helps in determining the time of the incident. C. It helps to determine the cause of the crash. D. It will help the police to investigate the collision.

A. It increases the index of suspicion. The MOI helps to increase the index of​ suspicion, which is anticipation that certain types of accidents and mechanisms will produce specific types of injuries. Although it can also help to determine other factors associated with the​ collision, the index of suspicion would be the most immediately important.

Which of the following is associated with a scene​ size-up and is used in assessing a patient who has received a traumatic​ injury? A. Mechanism of injury B. Index of injury C. Index of suspicion D. Nature of illness

A. Mechanism of injury When arriving on the scene of a suspected​ trauma, you will be looking for the mechanism of injury​ (MOI). Mechanism of injury refers to how the patient was injured. It includes the​ strength, direction, and nature of the forces that caused the injury. The mechanism of injury is the basis for your index of suspicion. Nature of illness is generally associated with a medical complaint.

You have been dispatched to 29 Park Avenue for a man having chest pain. As you approach the​ house, you hear loud voices and verbal threats coming from inside. You​ should: A. NOT enter the scene. B. use the PA system to announce your arrival. C. approach the scene quietly. D. direct everyone to move away from the patient.

A. NOT enter the scene. Loud voices and verbal threats are an indicator that the scene is potentially not safe. You should not enter. Law enforcement should be contacted to ensure safety before you announce your presence or enter the scene.

You are performing a scene​ size-up at a large motor vehicle crash scene. Which of the following elements should be assessed​ first? A. Possible hazards to your safety. B. A general impression of the patient. C. The number of patients. D. The need for additional resources.

A. Possible hazards to your safety. Although each of these elements would be included in a scene​ size-up, the most important priority would be to assess for safety hazards.

Which of the following provides the best protection against bloodborne​ pathogens? A. Standard Precautions B. Appropriate personal decontamination C. The use of HEPA respirators D. Decontamination of common surfaces

A. Standard Precautions The most common bloodborne risks for health care workers include HIV and hepatitis B and C. Standard Precautions are a strategy that is designed to reduce the risk of transmission of microorganisms from both recognized and unrecognized sources of infection and to protect against the widest variety of potential threats. Although decontamination of​ surfaces, personal​ decontamination, and respirators are​ important, they do not protect as widely as Standard Precautions do.

Which of the following elements would be considered parts of the mechanism of​ injury? A. The speed of the vehicle that struck the patient B. A specific injury such as a fractured femur C. A scene safety hazard such as an unstable vehicle D. The​ patient's chief complaint

A. The speed of the vehicle that struck the patient The MOI​ (mechanism of​ injury) is the factors and forces that cause the traumatic injury. Although it can result in specific injuries or scene​ hazards, such as unstable​ vehicle, as a​ concept, it looks purely at the physics that cause trauma.

What is the purpose for establishing a danger zone while working at a motor vehicle crash​ scene? A. To designate the area where special safety precautions should be taken B. To ensure that the traffic will be rerouted around the wreckage C. To establish the area where the fire department will be operating D. To require additional equipment to be dispatched to the scene

A. To designate the area where special safety precautions should be taken The area around the wreckage at a collision is designated a danger zone so that special precautions​ (e.g., special​ PPE) will be taken here to avoid injury. Although the fire department often operates in this​ area, it is not limited to their personnel. Traffic will likely be rerouted around the​ area, but that is not the key purpose for its establishment.

You are dispatched for a​ 35-year-old male complaining of chest pain. You arrive on scene at a residential address in a very​ run-down section of town. You approach the scene​ carefully, and upon​ entering, you find that the patient has been shot in the chest. You​ should: A. exit the scene and call for law enforcement. B. call for law enforcement and then begin care. C. provide treatment of immediate life threats only. D. provide treatment of immediate life threats and then leave the scene.

A. exit the scene and call for law enforcement. Assessment of the scene for safety issues is always a dynamic situation. In this​ case, the call came in as​ "chest pain"​ (which the patient certainly​ had), but the caller probably realized that if they said a person was​ shot, law enforcement almost certainly would be called by the EMS dispatcher. In this​ situation, the EMT should back out of the scene to a safe location and then summon law​ enforcement, as safety threats abound and the source of the violent act has not been identified.

Your ambulance has been dispatched to a​ multiple-car motor vehicle crash. Dispatch has alerted you that fire and rescue units are en route. As you approach the​ scene, you​ should: A. look and listen for other emergency units approaching from side streets. B. review the trauma triage criteria. C. don personal protective equipment. D. remove your seat belt to allow easy exit of the ambulance.

A. look and listen for other emergency units approaching from side streets. You should always look and listen for other emergency vehicles as you approach the scene. Although personal protective equipment and the trauma triage criteria are​ important, the immediate risk is being struck by an oncoming vehicle. You should always consider safety first. You should never remove your seat belt in a moving vehicle.

A​ 77-year-old female complains of chest pain. When you​ arrive, her husband greets you at the front door. You note that he is out of​ breath, sweaty, and holding his chest. You​ should: A. radio for an additional unit and have your partner assess him while you check on his wife. B. ask him where the patient is located. C. immediately focus your attention only on him. D. assess his wife first but then return to him once you have confirmed that she is​ non-emergent.

A. radio for an additional unit and have your partner assess him while you check on his wife. In this​ situation, a second patient has emerged in an unanticipated fashion. You should radio for an additional unit and have your partner assess the husband while you check on the wife. It will be important to conduct simultaneous​ assessments, as he could be the more severe patient.

As you pull up on​ scene, you notice that there is gasoline leaking from the car. The danger zone should be at​ least: A. 50 feet all directions. B. 100 feet in all directions. C. 25 feet in all directions. D. 75 feet in all directions.

B. 100 feet in all directions. You should consider the danger zone to extend 100 feet in all directions.

When there are no apparent hazards on the scene of an​ accident, how far away should the ambulance be​ parked? A. 40 feet B. 50 feet C. 25 feet D. 20 feet

B. 50 feet The ambulance should be parked at least 50 feet to avoid any unseen dangers.

Which of the following would represent the next best location to park if you could not park upwind or uphill from a scene of a gasoline​ spill? A. Downhill from the spill B. Behind a barrier C. Downwind from the spill D. In the drainage ditch

B. Behind a barrier If a liquid is​ flowing, park behind a barrier if possible. Parking downhill or downwind would put you at risk for exposure to the liquid or fumes. Drainage ditches also pose the risk of exposing you to runoff from the spill.

Which of the following is the area around the wreckage of a vehicle or other potentially unsafe incident within which special safety precautions must be​ taken? A. Access area B. Danger zone C. Injury area D. Zone of safety

B. Danger zone Although all these choices could be used as informal​ warnings, the specific and formal term is danger zone.

Which of the following is a step in the scene​ size-up? A. Patient treatment B. Determining the mechanism of injury C. Resource allocation D. Airway assessment

B. Determining the mechanism of injury The mechanism of injury is the combined​ strength, direction, and nature of forces that injured your patient. It is usually apparent through careful evaluation of the trauma scene and can help you to anticipate both the location and the seriousness of injuries. Determine the nature of illness from​ bystanders, family​ members, or the patient. Assessment and treatment would occur after the​ size-up is complete. Resources are requested during​ size-up but allocated once the resources arrive on scene later.

Which of the following would be considered one of the three basic goals of the scene​ size-up? A. Determining whether the patient is breathing B. Determining what led to your being called to the scene C. Determining the​ patient's chief complaint D. Determining the​ patient's medical history

B. Determining what led to your being called to the scene The scene​ size-up is the initial evaluation of a scene to which an EMT has been called. The EMT has three basic goals during scene​ size-up: (1) Identify possible hazards at the​ scene, and ensure the safety of yourself and other members of your EMS​ crew, the​ patient, and the bystanders.​ (2) Identify what led to your being called to the scene—either an injury or a medical problem.​ (3) Determine whether any​ factors, such as the number of patients or unusual characteristics of the​ scene, might require a call for additional assistance. Determining a chief complaint and breathing assessment are completed in the primary assessment. A medical history is obtained in the secondary assessment.

An accident scene involving a chemical spill would likely require the additional resources of what​ entity? A. CISD B. Hazmat C. Water rescue D. Rescue

B. Hazmat The EMT must be alert to the possible presence of toxic substances or areas of low oxygen during the scene​ size-up. Some​ scenes, such as an accident involving a tanker​ truck, will present obvious hazards. At other​ scenes, the hazard may not be as obvious. To ensure your​ safety, always utilize the hazmat resources in your area.

You arrive on the scene of a terrace collapse involving an unknown number of people. Among your​ priorities, which of the following is initially most​ important? A. Triage. B. Requesting additional resources. C. Treatment. D. Investigating the cause of the collapse.

B. Requesting additional resources. The first priority is to request additional​ resources, as it is unlikely that your unit can manage a large number of patients. Triage and treatment will be conducted after your​ size-up is complete. Investigation of the cause can be conducted later.

The need for additional assistance to deal with issues such as heavy​ rescue, potential​ violence, or​ mass-casualty incidents comes under which of the following phases of the scene​ size-up? A. Environmental hazards B. Resource determination C. Personal protective equipment D. Rescue operations

B. Resource determination Resource determination is the phase of the scene​ size-up in which the EMT determines​ what, if​ any, assistance is required. This decision may include both quantity of responders and specific types of​ resources, such as hazmat or rescue.

You are approaching a conscious victim of a motor vehicle accident who is still sitting in the car. You notice that the air bag never deployed and the steering wheel is bent. What is your first​ concern? A. The patient may have chest injuries of which he is not aware. B. The air bag may still​ deploy, injuring you or the patient. C. The patient may have a head injury. D. You should immediately fit a cervical collar.

B. The air bag may still​ deploy, injuring you or the patient. While all are important​ considerations, deployment of the air bag could easily result in a second victim​ (you) and one less rescuer. Regardless of what injuries the victim may currently​ have, your injury would be detrimental to his treatment.

The purpose of a thorough scene assessment by EMTs is to ensure their own​ well-being as well as those of patients​ and: A. criminals. B. bystanders. C. law enforcement. D. property.

B. bystanders. The first rule is to protect your own safety. After​ this, focus your attention on your partner and any bystanders who are in immediate​ harm's way. Once their safety has been​ ensured, you can focus on the patient and the​ patient's safety and care.

An explosion has occurred at a local church. You are the first responding medical​ unit, and you note many patients lying in the street. After establishing incident​ command, you should​ next: A. return to the ambulance until additional resources arrive. B. call for additional resources and begin the scene​ size-up. C. begin caring for the closest patient. D. begin primary triage.

B. call for additional resources and begin the scene​ size-up. Additional resources will absolutely be​ necessary, and so will a scene​ size-up. Although triage and treatment will be​ priorities, a​ size-up will help you to identify potential safety hazards before committing to the scene. You should not retreat to your ambulance unless you identify a safety hazard that would require this step.

You are caring for a​ 19-year-old male who was shot during a gang confrontation. The police have secured the scene and requested you to treat the patient. In addition to patient​ care, you​ should: A. refuse to treat any patient at this crime scene. B. have one EMT constantly watch bystanders and the surrounding area. C. ask the patient about the crime so that you can report the answers to law enforcement. D. assist law enforcement in searching the scene for clues.

B. have one EMT constantly watch bystanders and the surrounding area. Be alert to the possibility that the patient at the crime scene may be not simply a victim but also a perpetrator or that a bystander at the scene may also include the perpetrator. Be prepared for the possibility that such a patient may suddenly reach for a weapon. If​ possible, have one EMT keep a constant watch on the bystanders and the surrounding area while you work on the patient—to alert you if a scene begins to turn dangerous. Although documenting patient statements and assisting law enforcement may be​ helpful, they are not your prime responsibility.

The​ EMT's initial evaluation of the scene is called​ the: A. initial assessment. B. scene​ size-up. C. hazard assessment. D. primary assessment.

B. scene​ size-up. The scene​ size-up is the​ EMT's initial evaluation of a scene to which he has been called. The purpose is to primarily determine whether the scene is safe to​ enter, but after​ this, the EMT also needs to determine things such as the number of​ patients, whether additional resources are​ needed, and what the mechanism of injury or nature of illness is. Although this includes a hazard​ assessment, it is not limited to that task. The primary​ assessment, also known as the initial​ assessment, would be the first point of assessment of the patient.

Your unit arrives first at the scene of a​ tractor-trailer motor vehicle crash. Your partner notes that he sees hazardous materials placards on the truck. You should​ first: A. use your intercom to ask the driver to come to the ambulance. B. stage in​ place, uphill and upwind from the scene. C. approach the truck to identify the placard. D. immediately leave the scene.

B. stage in​ place, uphill and upwind from the scene. The placards identify a possible hazardous material and a potential scene safety threat. You should stage uphill and upwind until the substance has been identified. Victims should not be asked to leave the​ scene, as they could be contaminated. You should not leave the scene.

Your​ patient, who is a known black belt martial arts​ instructor, is in the middle of the street attacking cars. When is it safe to approach​ him? A. After dispatch clears you to enter B. After another crew arrives C. After the police have subdued him D. After he has calmed down

C. After the police have subdued him You are faced with an emotionally unstable patient who can be a significant threat if his anger is directed toward you. You should not approach​ him, even with another​ crew, without law enforcement presence. Once the police have the patient​ subdued, it is safe to approach him.

You are dispatched to the scene of a child who was bitten by a dog. What step of the scene​ size-up can you begin to perform before​ arrival? A. Instruct bystanders on bleeding control. B. Place the trauma kit in close proximity. C. Determine whether the animal has been secured. D. Establish the seriousness of the bite.

C. Determine whether the animal has been secured. Determination that the animal has been secured can be made by a crew member or dispatch before your arrival. Resources such as animal control or law enforcement can be notified. The seriousness of the injury and first aid are not part of scene​ size-up. Instructing bystanders on bleeding control can be accomplished before​ arrival, but it is not part of the scene size up.

Which of the following elements should be completed only after the EMT has finished the scene​ size-up? A. Determine the mechanism of injury or nature of illness. B. Assess the scene for additional resources that might be needed. C. Identify and manage​ life-threatening conditions. D. Identify possible hazards.

C. Identify and manage​ life-threatening conditions. The EMT should always remember that the purpose of the scene​ size-up is to determine how to best control the scene and ensure personal safety.​ Hazards, mechanism of injury or nature of​ illness, and need for additional resources will all be determined during the​ size-up. Management of life threats would be completed once the​ size-up is finished.

Which of the following would be the appropriate place to park an ambulance if you were responding to a hazardous materials scene that involved gases or​ fumes? A. Downhill from the scene B. Uphill from the scene C. Level with the scene D. Downwind from the scene

C. Level with the scene Parking anywhere but on the same level could lead to exposure and therefore would be potentially dangerous.

Which of the following would be indicated by a patient found sitting in a tripod​ position? A. Trouble swallowing B. Abdominal pain C. Respiratory distress D. A stroke

C. Respiratory distress The physical position and condition of the patient may provide information about the illness. A tripod position​ (sitting up and leaning​ forward) may indicate respiratory distress or cardiac compromise. Patients with respiratory distress rarely lie flat unless they are completely exhausted. A patient lying very still with his legs drawn up to his chest is likely suffering from severe abdominal pain. A fruity odor emanating from the patient may indicate a diabetic condition. Look for loss of bowel or bladder​ control, which may have resulted from a seizure or stroke.

Your patient is an elderly male who has paralysis of his right arm and leg. What is likely the nature of his​ illness? A. Renal failure B. Heart attack C. Stroke D. Hypertension

C. Stroke Stroke commonly causes paralysis. Although hypertension can cause neurological​ symptoms, it would be far less likely to cause paralysis. Renal failure and heart attacks do not typically cause paralysis.

You are dispatched to an auto accident. As you approach the​ scene, you notice that law enforcement is there and the fire department is close behind you. Four badly damaged vehicles are involved. You should​ next: A. begin treatment. B. determine the number of victims. C. contact dispatch and request additional EMS units. D. position the ambulance to protect the scene.

C. contact dispatch and request additional EMS units. If there is a probability that there are more patients than you can safely​ handle, you should call for assistance as soon as​ possible, preferably before making contact with the victims. As you proceed into a​ scene, more patients may become​ apparent, and you are less likely to call for help once you are involved with patient care. Triage and treatment are​ important, but obtaining resources is more time sensitive. Positioning the ambulance may also be​ important, but resources should be started first.

A​ 39-year-old male complains of respiratory​ distress, cough, and a fever. The patient weighs 400 pounds and lives on the second floor of a small house. You determine that transport is indicated. You should​ next: A. manage the best you can with your partner. B. get medical direction orders to treat and release. C. request additional lifting assistance. D. have the patient walk down to the first floor.

C. request additional lifting assistance Because of the large weight​ load, you should request additional lifting assistance. Attempting to lift beyond your capabilities puts you at risk for both acute and chronic injuries. The patient does require transport and should not be asked to walk down​ stairs, as that act could exacerbate his respiratory condition.

You arrive at the scene of an overturned vehicle. Your scene​ size-up identifies power lines lying across the road that you would use to approach the vehicle. You​ should: A. yell to the victim to​ self-evacuate. B. get out of the vehicle and jump over the lines as you approach. C. stage in place and await the power company. D. stay in the vehicle until you have cleared the downed lines.

C. stage in place and await the power company. Your personal safety is the top priority at any emergency scene. Downed power lines are a significant safety hazard. You should stage in place and await the power company. Driving or jumping over downed lines would not be a safe practice. Asking the patient to​ self-extricate would put the patient in danger.

A​ 68-year-old female complains of respiratory distress. She says that she has been sick for three​ days, and she has a history of COPD. You note that she is coughing forcefully into a napkin. Which of the following would be the most appropriate personal protective equipment for use on this​ scene? A. Mask and eye protection B. Gloves and eye protection C. ​Gloves, eye​ protection, and mask D. Gloves and gown

C. ​Gloves, eye​ protection, and mask This patient is exhibiting signs of a respiratory illness. You should employ droplet protection in the form of​ gloves, eye​ protection, and a mask. The mask would protect against direct inhalation of​ droplets, the eye protection would protect the mucous membrane of the​ eyes, and the gloves would prevent secondary infection from contact with infected surfaces.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention states that a fall of greater than how many feet for an adult is considered to be a severe fall for which transport to a trauma center is​ recommended? A. 30 B. 50 C. 40 D. 20

D. 20 The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention state that a fall of greater than 20 feet for an adult or greater than 10 feet for a child under age​ 15, or more than two to three times the​ child's height, is considered to be a severe fall for which transport to a trauma center is recommended.

You have been asked to climb inside the wreckage at a motor vehicle crash to provide patient care. What personal protective equipment will you don before entering the​ vehicle? A. HEPA mask B. Shoe covers C. Examination gloves D. Bunker gear

D. Bunker gear Bunker gear would protect you from the hazards to sharp objects and fire and should be donned before entering the vehicle. Although examination gloves would be appropriate to protect against bloodborne​ hazards, they would not be sufficient protection in that environment. Shoe covers and a HEPA mask would not apply to this situation.

You have just determined there are two patients to care for at an accident scene and have requested an additional ambulance. During what component of assessment do these activities take​ place? A. Patient history B. Primary assessment C. Reassessment D. Scene​ size-up

D. Scene​ size-up These activities take place during the scene​ size-up. The scene​ size-up includes scene​ safety, standard​ precautions, determining the MOI or​ NOI, determining number of​ patients, and requesting additional resources.

Which of the following findings at a motor vehicle crash would indicate that there may be more than one patient​ involved? A. The car was overturned in a ditch. B. The vehicle is an SUV. C. The vehicle has four doors. D. You find a​ woman's purse in the​ car, and a man was driving.

D. You find a​ woman's purse in the​ car, and a man was driving. If you arrive on scene and a male patient is driving but you find a​ woman's purse in the​ vehicle, it does not mean for certain that there is another patient​ somewhere, but it is important enough to ask the patient whether anyone else was with him in the car or to look around and ask bystanders whether they know of anyone else who was in the vehicle.

EMTs should consider scene safety when responding​ to: A. chest pain calls. B. motor vehicle crashes. C. domestic violence calls. D. all EMS responses.

D. all EMS responses. The costs of failing to recognize the hazards of an unstable scene can be high for​ yourself, your​ partners, and your patients. It is imperative that you identify and pay close attention to the scene​ size-up characteristics on every​ call, not just the ones that sound bad. Doing so can save your life.

An injury that is caused by a blow that strikes the body but does not penetrate the skin or other body tissues is known​ as: A. indirect trauma. B. whiplash injury. C. penetrating trauma. D. blunt force trauma.

D. blunt force trauma. An injury that is caused by a blow that strikes the body but does not penetrate the skin or other body tissues is known as blunt force trauma. Penetrating trauma implies that the skin has been penetrated. Indirect trauma occurs when an injury occurs in an area that is not in contact with the source of the traumatic energy. A whiplash injury occurs when the head is forced in a different direction than the​ body, such as in a​ rear-end collision.

You are dispatched to a motor vehicle crash on a street in a residential neighborhood. As you pull​ up, you note that none of the houses along the street have lights on. You should​ suspect: A. that the houses are not occupied. B. a violent ambush. C. that the residents are not yet home from work. D. downed power lines.

D. downed power lines. Homes that are blacked out along an specific area of a street suggest the possibility of downed power lines. Although violent ambush could be​ possible, downed lines are a much more plausible alternative. Houses may be unoccupied and residents may not be​ home, but neither of those are safety threats and should not be assumed before a dangerous possibility is ruled out.

Penetrating trauma associated with handguns and shotguns is generally considered to​ be: A. high velocity. B. low velocity. C. critical velocity. D. medium velocity.

D. medium velocity. ​Medium-velocity wounds are usually caused by handguns and shotguns. Some forcefully propelled items such as an arrow launched from a compound bow or a ballistic knife will also have greater velocities than the same items propelled by hand.​ Low-velocity wounds are general​ non-mechanical in nature.​ High-velocity wounds are generally caused by rifles or explosive shrapnel.

If your patient is suffering from a medical​ condition, during your scene​ size-up, you should determine the​ patient's: A. index of suspicion. B. mechanism of injury. C. SAMPLE history. D. nature of illness.

D. nature of illness. In a patient who is not injured but is suffering from a medical​ condition, you will begin to determine the nature of illness​ (NOI) during scene​ size-up. The​ patient, relatives,​ bystanders, or physical evidence at the scene may provide you with clues to determine what the patient is suffering from. You are not attempting to diagnose the​ patient's illness. You are gathering information that will narrow down the nature of the​ patient's complaint. A mechanism of injury would be used for a trauma patient. An index of suspicion will be determined once you better understand the nature of illness. The SAMPLE history is obtained in the secondary assessment.

The type of medical condition or complaint a patient is suffering from is referred to as​ the: A. index of suspicion. B. history of the present illness. C. mechanism of injury. D. nature of illness.

D. nature of illness. The type of medical condition or complaint a patient is suffering from is referred to as the nature of illness. The mechanism of injury is the cause of a traumatic problem. The index of suspicion is the level of concern or probability that you assign to a specific situation. The history of the present illness refers to the recent events that have led up to the call for EMS.

You should consider calling for advanced life​ support: A. for patients who are receiving supplemental oxygen. B. for all patients. C. for all patients with external bleeding. D. whenever your​ patient's airway is compromised.

D. whenever your​ patient's airway is compromised. The EMT is limited in the types of airway maneuvers they can employ on a patient with a compromised airway. If the airway​ compromised, the EMT should call ALS for​ backup, as paramedics have additional airway techniques they can employ. Not all patients require​ ALS, and EMTs are quite capable of making this decision. EMTs can also treat bleeding and administer oxygen without necessarily needing ALS.

When assessing scene​ safety, the FIRST priority​ is: A. treating the patient. B. bystander safety. C. hazards to the public. D. your personal safety.

D. your personal safety. Your personal safety is the top priority at any emergency scene. You have no duty to act if there is a threat of injury to you or your crew. Although each of the other selections is​ important, there is no higher priority than keeping yourself safe.

You suspect that your patient may have tuberculosis. Which of the following should be added to your personal protective​ equipment? A. Gown B. Shoe covers C. Simple face mask D. ​N-95 mask

D. ​N-95 mask Tuberculosis is a respiratory illness that is not stopped by simple face masks. You should add an​ N-95 mask to best protect against its spread. A gown and shoe covers would not be necessary.