Chapter 12

According to research, 18 percent of unemployed adults use an illegal drug. This is approximately _____ the rate seen in employed adults. A)1.5 B)2.5 C)4 D)6

A)1.5

Of the following, which has the HIGHEST risk of causing organ damage and long-lasting mental change? A)Alcohol B)Opioids C)Stimulants D)Barbiturates

A)Alcohol

Months after last taking a drug, a former drug abuser still produces very little serotonin. The person is depressed and anxious and has great difficulty remembering new material. MOST likely, the abused substance was: A)Ecstasy. B)cannabis. C)LSD. D)benzodiazepine.

A)Ecstasy.

A newly developed drug causes users to lose some muscle control and slur their words. The drug also results in a slowing of central nervous system activity. MOST likely this drug is a: A)depressant. B)hallucinogen. C)stimulant. D)polydrug.

A)depressant.

A person who uses the drug Ecstasy at a crowded party begins to feel too hot and immediately drinks lots of fluids. This person is at risk for: A)hyperthermia and possible water intoxication. B)hyperthermia and hypernatremia (excess sodium). C)dehydration as a result of excessive sweating. D)dehydration due to excess sodium and potassium levels.

A)hyperthermia and possible water intoxication.

sleep, so he took a Valium. If he dies from respiratory failure during the night, it is probably because the alcohol and Valium created a(n): A)synergistic effect. B)antagonistic action. C)complementary action. D)cross-tolerance effect.

A)synergistic effect.

A friend has done some heavy drinking and asks you what to do to "sober up" as quickly as possible. The response that is MOST appropriate is: A)"Drink coffee, lots of coffee." B)"Stop drinking." C)"Take an ice-cold shower." D)"Drink carbonated soda."

B)"Stop drinking."

Your friend has been restless all day and suddenly insists that the two of you go to the casino. You know your friend has been to the casino multiple times in the past two weeks and also has an important research paper he should be working on. However, he relentlessly pursues the idea of going to the casino. Does your friend qualify for the diagnosis of gambling disorder? A)Maybe; the restlessness and prioritizing of gambling over other responsibilities could be signs of gambling disorder. B)Maybe; your friend's behavior seems out of control, but his desire to have a friend go with him is contradictory. C)Most likely no; the frequency of the gambling is not consistent with someone with gambling disorder and there are no signs of impairment as a result of gambling. D)No; mood is not related to gambling and your friend's behavior doesn't seem out of control yet.

B)Maybe; your friend's behavior seems out of control, but his desire to have a friend go with him is contradictory.

Quent recently quit using heroin. He won't eat, has a high fever, and has been vomiting frequently. Quent is MOST likely how far along in the withdrawal process? A)The first two to four hours B)The first two to three days C)About halfway through, around day 5 or 6 D)Day 8

B)The first two to three days

Research has shown that, compared with other cognitive-behavioral techniques, acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) for substance use disorder is: A)more effective and the preferred treatment. B)at least as effective and sometimes more effective. C)typically less effective, except in cases of alcohol misuse. D)effective only when used in combination with biological treatments.

B)at least as effective and sometimes more effective.

Melanie has been out with friends and has been using drugs. Despite being obviously uncoordinated and under the influence, she wants to drive her car. Her condition is an example of: A)addiction. B)intoxication. C)hallucinosis. D)physical dependence.

B)intoxication.

The drug that, when misused, would MOST quickly result in dependence or addiction would be: A)Xanax. B)opium. C)cannabis. D)ethyl alcohol.

B)opium.

A college professor's work performance recently has deteriorated, and his colleagues find him difficult to talk to. If this is due to a problem with drugs, the best description of this professor's behavior would be: A)substance intoxication. B)substance use disorder. C)tolerance. D)withdrawal.

B)substance use disorder.

If someone opposes the medical use of THC, that person MOST likely feels that way because: A)scientific research shows no legitimate medical application of THC. B)the physiological side effects substantially outweigh the known medical benefits. C)medical use is just another way of saying legalized marijuana. D)of legal reasons.

B)the physiological side effects substantially outweigh the known medical benefits.

A frequent drug user finds that larger doses of a drug are necessary to produce the same "high" that much lower doses once produced. That drug user is developing: A)withdrawal symptoms. B)tolerance. C)hallucinosis. D)intoxication.

B)tolerance.

person uses a substance at noon. Although remaining awake and alert, the person experiences poor coordination, palpitations, and greatly enhanced visual perceptions. By dinner, the symptoms have almost completely subsided. The person MOST likely: A)drank a substantial amount of alcohol. B)took LSD. C)injected heroin. D)took a dose of barbiturates.

B)took LSD.

Of the following, which has the LOWEST risks for drug dependency and long-term behavioral change? A)Amphetamines B)Alcohol C)Cannabis D)Barbiturates

C)Cannabis

How do delirium tremens (DTs) differ from other withdrawal reactions? A)People who experience DTs are less likely to relapse. B)There are no known medical procedures to assist someone experiencing DTs. C)DTs are associated with serious health consequences that could result in death. D)DTs occur only after someone has completely quit alcohol, versus just reducing intake.

C)DTs are associated with serious health consequences that could result in death.

Pat and Kelly each have five of the same cocktail. Pat gets very drunk. Kelly does not. Which factor would MOST likely account for this difference? A)Pat is older than Kelly. B)Pat is healthier than Kelly. C)Pat is a woman, and Kelly is a man. D)Pat is non-Hispanic white, and Kelly is African American.

C)Pat is a woman, and Kelly is a man.

Despite concerns regarding the use of methadone maintenance programs, those in favor of such programs commonly argue that they: A)create a more manageable form of addiction. B)are highly effective over a very short period. C)help reduce the spread of HIV and hepatitis C. D)enable patients to more easily "step down" their use.

C)help reduce the spread of HIV and hepatitis C.

Wesley, a recovering heavy drinker, has been trained to identify the situations that might cause him to drink and to be aware of when he should stop drinking. This approach is known as: A)aversive therapy. B)ego-control therapy. C)relapse-prevention training. D)behavioral self-control training.

C)relapse-prevention training.

Three chronic marijuana users—a light user, a moderate user, and a heavy user— stop using marijuana. Before quitting, all three experienced abnormal blood flow in their brains. Several weeks later, blood flow in their brains had MOST likely: A)returned to completely normal flow levels for all three. B)returned to completely normal flow levels for the light and moderate users only. C)returned to nearly normal for the light and moderate users only but remained at abnormal levels for the heavy user. D)returned to nearly normal for all three.

C)returned to nearly normal for the light and moderate users only but remained at abnormal levels for the heavy user.

"I've been diagnosed with gambling disorder," a friend says. "Which kind of therapy works best?" Based on current research, your BEST response is: A)"Short-term psychodynamic therapy seems best." B)"Drugs alone should do the trick." C)"I'd suggest drug therapy plus cognitive-behavioral therapies." D)"I'd suggest cognitive-behavioral therapies, biological therapies, and self-help groups."

D)"I'd suggest cognitive-behavioral therapies, biological therapies, and self-help groups."

A patient in an alcohol rehabilitation center tells you a detailed story about growing up in the mountains of Tennessee. Later, you find out that the person had never even visited Tennessee. A day later you visit the patient again, and the patient does not recognize you. This patient is MOST likely suffering from: A)fetal alcohol syndrome. B)cirrhosis. C)withdrawal of delirium. D)Korsakoff's syndrome.

D)Korsakoff's syndrome.

Which is NOT a risk for young people abusing cocaine? A)Heart attacks B)Respiratory failure C)Miscarriage D)Macular degeneration

D)Macular degeneration

EMTs responding to an emergency call find a person who has injected an overdose of fentanyl, a synthetic opioid. The BEST opioid antagonist to use in this situation is: A)dezocine. B)naltrexone. C)disulfiram. D)naloxone.

D)naloxone.

Most meth labs are relatively _____ operations in _____ areas. A)large; urban B)large; remote C)small; urban D)small; remote

D)small; remote