chapter 12 pharm

Which is most important for the nurse to assess prior to the administration of metoprolol, a beta-adrenergic blocking agent?

Blood pressure

Which condition is important to screen a patient for before the initiation of anticholinergic medications?

Closed-angle glaucoma

Which response is the primary response to alpha-1-receptor stimulation?

Vasoconstriction

An older adult patient is to receive atenolol, a beta-adrenergic blocking agent. Prior to administration of the drug, the nurse assesses an apical pulse rate of 58 and notes ankle edema. Which action will the nurse take first?

Withhold the medication.

Which is the best action for the nurse to take when auscultating inspiratory and expiratory wheezing bilaterally on a patient taking a cholinergic agent

Withhold the next dose and notify the physician.

Which terms identify neurotransmitter(s)? (Select all that apply.) a. Gamma aminobutyric acid b. Acetylcholine c. Serotonin d. Glucose e. Histamine f. Epinephrine

a,b,c,e,f

Which body function(s) is/are controlled by the autonomic nervous system? (Select all that apply.) a. Blood pressure b. Skeletal muscle contraction c. GI secretion d. Body temperature e. Urination

a,c,d,e

Which disorder(s) would indicate the use of anticholinergic agents? (Select all that apply.) a. Glaucoma b. Benign prostatic hypertrophy c. Bradycardia d. Parkinson's disease e. Preparation for surgery f. Stimulation of the vagus nerve

c,d,e

Which common adverse effect(s) will the nurse include in discharge teaching for a patient on an adrenergic bronchodilator? (Select all that apply.) a. Palpitations b. Dizziness c. Orthostatic hypotension d. Hypoglycemia e. Tremors f. Bradycardia

a,b,c,e

Which adverse effect(s) is/are common when a patient is receiving a cholinergic agent? (Select all that apply. a. Nausea b. Hypertension c. Dizziness d. Bradycardia e. Constipation

a,c,d

Which nerve endings liberate norepinephrine?

. Adrenergic

Which types of adrenergic receptors subdivide the autonomic nervous system

Alpha and beta

Which category of medications is used for peripheral vascular diseases characterized by excessive vasoconstriction, such as Raynaud's disease?

Alpha-adrenergic blocking agents

Which condition would alert the nurse of the need to use beta-adrenergic blockers cautiously?

Emphysema

Which explanation provides rationale for why beta blockers are used cautiously in patients with respiratory conditions?

May produce severe bronchoconstriction

Which action is the most appropriate to take when a patient hospitalized in an acute care setting reports to the nurse that since starting on an adrenergic medication, he has been feeling ―dizzy and weak

Monitor the blood pressure in both the supine and standing positions

Which priority nursing action needs to be implemented when a long-term care resident taking an anticholinergic agent is observed to be disoriented and hallucinating

Provide for resident's safety.

Which statement(s) is/are true about efferent nerves? (Select all that apply.) a. Transmit signals to the spinal cord and brain. b. Leave the CNS to carry impulses to other body parts. c. Are part of the peripheral nervous system. d. Transmit signals that control contractions of smooth and skeletal muscles. e. Transmit signals that control contractions of some glandular secretions.

b,c,d,e

Which instruction(s) given by the nurse will assist a patient to cope with the common adverse effects of anticholinergic medications? (Select all that apply.) a. ―Take the medication with meals.‖ b. ―Increase fluids daily.‖ c. ―Decrease fiber in the diet.‖ d. ―Suck on candy or ice chips.‖ e. ―Monitor blood glucose.‖

b,d

Which explanation by the nurse is most accurate when a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) reports having insomnia and a racing heart after starting terbutaline therapy?

b. ―The symptoms will tend to resolve with continued therapy.‖

Which response by the nurse is most accurate when a patient with the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease asks the nurse why anticholinergics are used in the treatment

―These drugs inhibit the action of acetylcholine.‖

Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching when a patient with a history of type 1 diabetes after myocardial infarction has been placed on a beta-adrenergic blocking agent

―This medication lowers my blood pressure by helping me get rid of fluid.