Chapter 12 Questions

Which of the following statements is NOT true? A. Energy consumption and industrialization are highly correlated. B. Some countries have a rich resource base but a population that is poor. C. Per capita energy production is correlated with national energy consumption. D. Industrialized countries can compensate for a lack of resources by importing raw materials.

?

41. Which of the following is not one of the designated purposes for which the U.S National Forests are managed? A. recreation B. timber production C. wildlife habitat D. all of the above

A

44. The current estimate of proved oil reserves in the world is about _____ billion barrels. A. 1,200 B. 2,300 C. 5,000 D. 4,300

A

All of the following statements regarding tar sands are true EXCEPT A. the bitumen in tar sands can be converted to gasoline, jet fuel, and other fuels. B. the largest tar sands deposits are located in Alberta, Canada. C. tar sands are an environmentally friendly source of energy. D. tar sands exist in vast quantities.

A

Coal differs from oil or natural gas as an energy source, in that coal A. cannot be liquefied or moved by pipeline. B. is generally clean, efficient, and nonpolluting. C. exists in quantities that will last for centuries. D. is uniform in thermal value wherever found commercially.

A

Destruction of the tropical rain forests is a matter of concern for all of the following reasons EXCEPT A. deforestation by burning contributes to air pollution and climate change. B. it causes the yearly extinction of thousands of plant and animal species that exist nowhere else. C. the forests are oxygen "sinks" and carbon-replenishers. D. forest clearance accelerates soil erosion.

A

Of the following fossil fuels, the one with the least adverse impact on the environment is A. natural gas. B. crude oil. C. coal. D. oil shale.

A

Reliance on the world's oceans and seas to provide larger amounts of protein for the human population is A. possible only if overfishing can be controlled and replacement occurs. B. unrealistic because most of the annual fish supply comes from inland waters. C. most likely to occur in tropical waters. D. realistic because the average fish catch per person has increased steadily since 1970.

A

The "oil shocks" of 1973-74 and 1979-80 had all of the following effects EXCEPT A. a decline in the power of OPEC. B. a worldwide recession. C. a decrease in the demand for oil. D. large net trade deficits in oil-importing countries.

A

The Industrial Revolution was characterized by the A. shift from renewable energy to fossil fuels. B. invention of the internal combustion engine. C. use of electricity to power trains and streetcars. D. efficient use of metallic minerals for the first time in human history.

A

The region that contains about 60% of the proven oil reserves in the world is A. the Middle East B. Russia. C. Western Europe. D. South America.

A

The renewable energy source that is LEAST affected by local site considerations is A. geothermal power. B. biomass. C. large-scale hydropower. D.tidal power.

A

Which of the following is a potentially renewable resource? a) Groundwater b)crude oil c)coal d) wind energy

A

37. The part of the world most at risk from desertification is A. China. B. Africa. C. India. D.Central America.

B

38. The part of a mineral reserve that can be profitably exploited is called the A. potential reserves. B. proved reserves. C. renewable reserves. D. recognized reserves.

B

39. All of the following statements regarding tropical forests are true EXCEPT A. tropical forests replenish oxygen and remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. B. clearing and burning of tropical forests causes air pollution. C. clearing of tropical forests is mostly taking place in roadless wilderness areas. D. cutting tropical forests has caused the extinction of thousands of plant and animal species.

B

40. Electricity generated from heat energy beneath the earth's surface is called A. hydroelectric power. B. geothermal power. C. tidal power. D. biomass power.

B

42. The largest of the commercial forest belts in the world includes A. most of Australia, Africa, and South America. B. the upper-middle latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere. C. the Arctic region of Russia and Canada. D. the western interiors of continents in subtropical latitudes.

B

Commercial forests can be considered a renewable resource if ________ techniques are practiced. A. selective cutting B. sustained yield C. clear cutting D. multiple use

B

The value of a given coal deposit depends on all of the following EXCEPT A. its accessibility. C. its sulfur content. B. its potential for liquefaction. D. the thickness of the coal seam.

B

34. North America's largest temperate rain forest is located in A. Florida. B. Oregon. C. Alaska. D. California.

C

43. Which statement regarding wind power is NOT true? A. A problem is the intermittent nature of wind. B. Off-shore locations are popular locations for installations. C. The best locations are often close to where power is needed. D. It is a renewable energy source comparable in price to conventional fossil fuel power plant

C

All of the following statements about biomass are true EXCEPT A. biomass can be converted into solid, liquid, and gaseous fuels. B. most of the energy that is produced from biomass comes from wood. C. there is a decreasing demand and an increasing supply of wood in developing countries. D. it supplies an insignificant amount of energy in developed countries.

C

Expanding the amount of land devoted to food production A.has the greatest potential for increasing world food supplies. B. is most likely to occur in Europe and North America. C. may do irreparable damage to the land. D. was one of the chief benefits of the Green Revolution.

C

The United States imports oil from other countries to meet about _______________ of its crude oil needs. A. 10% B. 25% C. 66% D. 80%

C

The percentage of the world's original tropical rain forest that has already been either cleared or degraded is approximately A. 90%. B. 75% C. 50%. D. 25%.

C

The region of the United States that relies most heavily upon hydropower is the A. Midwest. B. Southeast. C. Pacific Northwest. D. Great Plains.

C

Vast quantities of oil, enough to supply domestic needs for another century, are contained in U.S. deposits of A. biomass. B. crude oil. C. oil shale. D. uranium.

C

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of solar power? A. As a source of energy, it is inexhaustible. B. It can be used to generate electricity. C. Photovoltaic systems are competitive with fossil fuels on price. D. It can be used for both space heating and cooling.

C

35. Globally, commercial fishing is chiefly concentrated A. in the deepest areas of oceans far away from coasts. B. in freshwater lakes. C. in tropical areas where waters are comparably stagnant. D. on continental shelf areas where cold and warm waters mix.

D

36. An environmentally sustainable economy is best defined as one that A. balances the rate of species extinction with that of species evolution. B. controls the production of pollutants. C. reduces the consumption of energy resources. D. satisfies current needs without jeopardizing the prospects of future generations.

D

All of the following statements about copper are true EXCEPT A. price increases have spurred the adoption of substitutes. B. as supplies have decreased we are now mining lower grade ores. C. recycled copper now accounts for about one-third of copper used in the United States. D. copper ore is evenly spread around the earth's crust.

D

All of the following statements about hydropower are true EXCEPT A. it is generated when water falls from one level to another. B. it is generally used in the region where it is produced. C. it is a major supplier of electricity in many developed and developing countries. D. the cost of transmitting hydroelectricity is negligible

D

All of the following statements about wind power are true EXCEPT A. wind turbines do not use any fuel. B. the wind is a renewable resource. C. once built, wind turbines do not pollute air or water. D. Florida contains most of the installed U.S. wind power generating capacity.

D

Conventional nuclear power stations A. develop thermal electricity through nuclear fusion. B. use plutonium as a raw material. C. are called "breeder" reactors. D. produce steam that drives turbines to generate electricity.

D

Energy is A. the random motion of molecules. B. either potential or thermodynamic. C. a force that is exerted over some distance. D. the ability to do work.

D

Geothermal energy resources are most often found A. in deserts. B. in polar latitudes. C. in tropical latitudes. D. along plate boundaries or at hot spots.

D

Most petroleum is used for A. tars. B. plastics. C. waxes D. fuels.

D

Renewable energy resources include all of the following EXCEPT A. crop residues & animal/human wastes. B. wood. C. wind energy. D. tar sands.

D

The evaporation of irrigation water from farm fields can damage soil fertility through A. soil erosion. B.deforestation. C.desertification. D. salinization

D

What is the coastal zone of wetlands where salt water and fresh water mix called? A. zone of aeration B. continental shelf C. phreatic zone D. estuarine zone

D

What parts of the world receive the largest shipments of crude oil from the Middle East? A. United States and Latin America B. Europe and Japan C. India and China D. Australia and New Zealand

D

Which of the following is NOT an example of a perpetual renewable resource? A. solar energy B. wind power C. geothermal energy D. fish

D

Which of the following statements about nuclear energy is NOT true? A. Some countries depend much more than others on nuclear power. B. In theory, nuclear fuels could provide a virtually inexhaustible source of energy. C. Nuclear fission plants produce large amounts of radioactive waste. D. Environmental opposition has stopped all consideration of constructing new plants.

D

All European countries rely heavily on nuclear Power

False

Because of its high ecological integrity, logging is not allowed in Alaska's Tongass National Forest

False

Hydropower is the one energy source that comes without any environmental costs

False

Modern technology has reduced to 10% or less the proportion of the world's people largely dependent on wood for cooking and heating

False

The average fuel economy of new cars in the U.S. is now higher than it was in 1988

False

The more resources a country has, the higher its level of technology and quality of life.

False

The rise in oil prices during the 1970s was die chiefly to cutback in production by industrialized countries

False

The widespread adoption of soil conservation practices such as strip cropping and no-till farming have reduced soil erosion rates in the United States to all time lows

False

Transoceanic shipment of natural gas is less difficult than transoceanic shipment of crude oil.

False

A commodity is a resource only when a culture recognizes it as such.

True

Brazil is a world leader in producing ethanol from sugarcane for blending with gasoline as an automobile fuel

True

In contrast to Canada and Mexico, the United States consumes far more oil than it produces

True

Proved or usable reserves are deposits that have been identified and are economically recoverable with current technology.

True

Recreation and wildlife habitat are two of the goals in the management of U.S. National Forest lands.

True

Russia was the second largest producer of oil in the world in 2008

True

Solar energy availability as a variable controlled by climate and latitude

True

Some renewable resources can be depleted

True

The U.S. consumes approximately 22.5% of the world oil production

True

currently the U.S. is the world's largest producer of oil overtaking Saudi Arabia

True~