Chapter 12 - Romanesque Europe Multiple Choice
The __ is the covered courtyard in a monastery where monks and nuns prayed and meditated in quiet seclusion
cloister
The intersection of two barrel vaults creates which of the following?
groin vault
The Cistercian monk who criticized the elaborate sculptural decoration in cloisters was __
Bernard of Clairvaux
__ was the artist of one of the earliest sets of Romanesque reliefs at Saint-Sermin
Bernardus Gelduinus
__, in northern Spain, boasts more Romanesque murals than anywhere else in Europe
Catalonia
The monks of the __ order were one of the primary patrons of Romanesque sculpture
Cluniac
Which of the following churches was the largest in Europe until the new St. Peter's in Rome was constructed in the 17th century?
Cluny III
The Bayeux Tapestry is unique in Romanesque art. Which of the following supports the claim?
It depicted an actual event in full detail shortly after it occured
The mission of the __, the earliest crusading knights, was to protect Christians visiting Christian shrines in the Holy Land
Knights Templar
__ is the church most closely associated with the crusades
La Madeleine, Vézelay
__ was the economic system that was gradually replaced by the growth of towns and cities during the Romanesque period
Monasticism
The Romanesque church that had a wooden ceiling like those found in the Early Christian basilicas was which of the following?
San Miniato, Florence
Saint-Savin is a hall church with paintings on the continuous vault of the nave. Which of the following allows for this?
The aisles are approximately the same height as the nave
__ were innovative architectural features that appeared at Cluny III
a three-story elevation and pointed arches
Which of the following encouraged the growth of towns and cities?
an increase in trade
Which of the architectural elements below was used for the exterior supports on Romanesque buildings?
buttresses
The __ were Christian campaigns to reclaim the Holy Land from the Muslims
crusades
The nave of pilgrimage churches, such as Saint-Sernin at Toulouse and Saint James, were covered by a
cut-stone barrel vault
One of the primary reasons that Bernard of Clairvaux criticized the profusion of sculptural decoration in Romanesque cloister was because it __
distracted the viewer from reading and prayer
The term Roman-like was adopted to describe the architecture of the Romanesque period, because it relied on elements of Roman architecture such as __
groin and barrel vaults
A(n) __ church is one in which the aisles are approximately the same height as the nave
hall
Pilgrims believed that relics could __
heal body and soul
The ornate sculpture facade of Notre-Dame-la-Grande demonstrates the importance of having sculptural decoration visible to the __
laity
Saint Faith at Conques, Saint James at Santiago de Compostela and Saint-Sernin at Toulouse are all examples of __ churches
pilgrimage
Pilgrims often journeyed to churches to view __, which were the material remains of the holy figures
relics
One of the most obvious differences between Cistercian churches such as Notre-Dame at Fontenay and other Romanesque churches is the absence of __
sculptural decoration
At Pentecost the Apostles were called to __
spread the Gospels to all peoples
One of the factors that contributed to the enormous surge in church building during the Romanesque period was the __
thanksgiving experienced at the peaceful conclusion of the first millenium
In the Romanesque period church interiors became impressive acoustical settings for church services. Which of the following architectural elements allowed for the excellent acoustic?
the continuous barrel-vaulted naves
...
the survival of ancient Roman ruins
During the Romanesque period the vision of Christ's Second Coming was often depicted on which of the following?
the tympanum
The purpose of tribunes such as those found at Saint James at Santiago de Compostela and Saint-Sernin Toulouse was __
to house the overflow crowds and to buttress the weight of the vaults
The primary motivation for undertaking a pilgrimage, which was extremely dangerous and could often last a year, was __
to seek salvation or a cure
The __ is the semi-circular are above the lintel of a Romanesque portal
tympanum
Of the following characteristics, which is not relevant to Italian church architecture?
verticality