Chapter 13
Why did Southerners dislike the Tariff of 1828?
Because it raised the price of manufactured goods. represented the growing power of the federal government.
Why did Andrew Jackson and his supporters dislike the Bank of the United States?
Because they invented gold and silver coins, but issued no paper money; controlled much of the nation's gold and silver; private institution; foreclose on many western farms.
Why did the new two-party political system that emerged in the 1830s and 1840s become important?
Because they were a part of the nation's checks and balances
The Anti-Masonic party of 1832 appealed to which groups?
By Americans who were suspicions of secret societies
Match each individual below with the correct description. A. Andrew Jackson B. Henry Clay C. John Quincy Adams D. William Crawford 1. finished third in the electoral vote but was eliminated by illness 2. was elected president by the House of Representatives despite his weak popular appeal 3. threw his support to the winning candidate, inspiring charges of a "corrupt bargain" 4. finished first in the popular vote but lost in the House of Representatives
D, C, B, A
The South Carolina state legislature, after the election of 1832 did what as it related to the Tariff Act?
Declared the existing tariffs null and void
In the 1820s and 1830s, what were the two issues that greatly raised the political stakes?
Economic distress and slavery
What was the Panic of 1837 caused by?
Excessive speculation, Jackson's banking and financial policies, financial problems abroad & failure of wheat crops
What was significant about the presidential election of 1824?
First president to not receive the majority of the vote
What was the policy of the Jackson administration toward the eastern Indian tribes?
Forced removal
Why did people in the West tended to prefer Andrew Jackson in the 1824?
He campaigned against the forces of corruption and privilege in the government
In response to South Carolina's nullification of the Tariff of 1828, what did Andrew Jackson do?
He dispatched the navy and military forces to South Carolina while denouncing the nullification
John Quincy Adams, elected president in 1825, was charged by his political opponents with having struck a "corrupt bargain" when he appointed ____ to become ____.
Henry Clay, Secretary of State
What did the grant Stephen F. Austin's receive from the Mexican government require immigrants whom he helped settle in Texas do (or become)?
It required that immigrants become Mexican citizens & be Roman Catholics.
What was the presidential election of 1828 was characterized by?
It was characterized by mudslinging tactics by both parties against the opposing candidate, an unusually high voter turnout & both sides using trees to symbolize their candidate.
By the 1840s, voter participation in the presidential election reached which percentage
Nearly 80%
The House of Representatives decided the 1824 presidential election when what happened?
No candidate received the majority of the electoral vote in the electoral college
The so-called Era of Good Feelings was never entirely tranquil, but even the illusion of national consensus was shattered by which two issues?
Panic of 1819 and the compromise of 1820
Following his election in 1832, what did President Jackson decided to do?
President Jackson decided to remove federal funds from the Bank of the United States gradually, stop depositing federal funds in the Bank of the United States & start depositing federal funds in several "pet" state banks.
In their treatment of Native Americans, what did the white Americans do?
Recognized the tribes as separate nations, tried to civilize them, trick them to give land to the whites, and promised to acquire land only through a formal treaty
Despite Adams's discomfort, his political supporters used all what kind of dirty tactics against his rival Jackson?
Said mom was a prostitute, claimed Jacksons wife was an adulterer, and got into fights
Which battle did Texans win their over Mexico?
San Jacinto
John C. Calhoun's South Carolina Exposition was an argument for whose rights?
States rights
The strong regional support for the Tariff of 1833 came from which section of the country?
The South
The nullification crisis of 1832-1833 erupted over which policies?
The Tariff policy
What did the spoils system under Andrew Jackson resulted in?
The appointment of many corrupt and incompetent officials for federal jobs
Andrew Jackson based his veto of the recharter bill for the Bank of the United States on which fact?
The fact that he found the bill harmful to the nation as well as unconstitutional.
Writing about his observations of America and Americans as he traveled across the United States, what was the Frenchman Alexis de Tocqueville was most struck by?
The general any quality among the American people.
What did Andrew Jackson's inauguration as president symbolize?
The majority of the people wanted him there.
Why did the Southerners feared the Tariff of 1828 as it related to other issues?
The same power could be used to suppress slavery.
What were two similarities of two political parties of the Jacksonian era?
The two political parties tended to be socially and geographically diverse.
What was one of the positive aspects of the Bank of the United States?
To function as a source of credit and stability while promoting the nation's expanding economy
The Force Bill of 1833 provided that the President could do what?
Use the army and navy to collect federal taxes or tariffs.
Why did the nullification crisis over the Tariff of 1828 end?
When congress passed the Compromise Tariff of 1833
Why did Andrew Jackson's administration support the removal of Native Americans from the eastern states?
Whites wanted their land.
When (event) did Americans moved into Texas?
after an agreement was concluded between Mexican authorities and Stephen Austin
Why did Presidents Jackson and Van Buren hesitate to extend recognition to and to annex the new Texas Republic?
antislavery groups in the United States opposed the expansion of slavery
Who were supporters of the Whig party?
backers of southern states' rights, large northern industrialists, many evangelical Protestants, backers of the American System.
Why did Southerners labeled the Tariff of 1828 the "Yankee Tariff"?
because the tariff protected New England manufacturing at their expense
Why was Andrew Jackson's veto of the recharter bill for the Bank of the United States important?
for a major expansion of presidential power
While in existence, the second Bank of the United States was used for what purpose?
for the depository of the funds of the national government
The government of Mexico and the Americans who settled in Mexican-controlled Texas clashed over which issues?
slavery, immigration, local rights, Santa Anna raising an army to use against Texas.
Where did most of the early American settlers in Texas come from?
the south and southwest
Why did Spanish authorities allow Moses Austin to settle in Texas?
they believed that Austin and his settlers might be able to civilize the territory
On the forced march from their Georgia homeland to Oklahoma known as the Trail of Tears, what horrors did the Cherokees experience?
100,000 Indians removed from their homeland, women and children crying, many people died, and had to abandon their sacred gravesites
In an effort to assimilate themselves into white society, what did the Cherokees do?
Adopted a system of agriculture; developed a notion of private property; developed a written constitution; became cotton planters
During his long political career, what were John Quincy Adams occupations was at one time or another?
John Quincy Adams was at one time or another a nationalist, secretary of state, a congressman & president.
The nullification crisis of 1833 resulted in a clear-cut victory for whom?
Neither won; Jackson or nullifiers
Was John Quincy Adams successful as president?
No
What was the purpose behind the spoils system?
To reward political supporters with public office.