chapter 13 assessment

Binding of the appropriate aminoacyl-tRNA to the A site requires:

energy supplied by GTP

One of the mRNA codons specifying the amino acid leucine is 5'-CUA-3'. Its corresponding anticodon is:

3'-GAU-5'

a sequence of bases located upstream from a reference point occurs towards the

5' end of the mRNA sequence

translation is initiated at the

AUG codon

During translocation, the movement of the ribosome repositions the tRNA linked to the growing polypeptide chain to the ____ site, thereby vacating the ____ site for the arrival of a new amino-acyl tRNA.

P;A

a polyribosome is

a complex composed of several ribosomes and plus an mRNA transcript

initiation of transcription requires

a promoter sequence

the 3' end of eukaryotic pre-mRNA is changed by

adding 100-250 adenine nucleotides

uricil forms a complementary pair_____in RNA and______in DNA

adenine;adenine

leader sequences contains signals that

allow the ribosomes to be properly positioned for translation of mRNA molecules

during protein synthesis, ribosomes

attach to the mRNA molecule and travel along its length to produce a polypeptide

why is only one strand of DNA transcribed into mRNA

because transcribing both DNA strands would produce different amino acid sequences

Aminoactyl-tRNA synthetases link____to their respective tRNA molecules by____bonds

codons;covalent

which of the following is a characteristic of uricil

it has the ability to bond with adenine

a mutation that replaces one amino acid in a protein with another is called a____mutation

missense

following the peptide bond formation between the amino acids in the A site on the ribosome and the growing polypeptide chain, the tRNA in the A site

moves to the P site of the ribosome

a_____mutation results in the conversion of a codon specifying an amino acid to a termination codon

nonsense

these no coding sequences located within coding resigns of____genes are called____

only eukaryotic; introns

a 5' cap

protects mRNA from degradation

tRNA molecules are able to act as adapters between amino acids and mRNA during translation because

tRNA can bind to both mRNA and an amino acid

RNA is____and contains the nitrogenous base____, which is absent in DNA

single stranded; uracil

the molecule that connects a growing polypeptide chain and mRNA is called

tRNA

frameshift mutations result from the

the insertion or deletion of one or two base pairs

RNA synthesis is also known as

transcription