Nursing Informatics

The human interfaces for each of the various technologies are different and can even differ among different brands or versions of the same device. True or False

True

The popularity of social and mobile networking applications is one indication of how new Web-based technologies are changing communication preferences. True or False

True

An example of an expert system is the: A. the electrocardiographic monitor. B. programmed intravenous pump. C. insulin pump. D. pulse oximeter.

C. insulin pump.

Some of the disciplines involved in cognitive science include: A. psychology and philosophy. B. neuroscience and linguistics. C. biology and physics. D. All of these are correct.

D. All of these are correct.

The HIPAA privacy requirements, which went into effect on April 14, 2003, limited the release of protected health information without the patient's knowledge and consent. True or False

True

A password consisting of the ampersand character (&) and the user's birthdate is strong. True or False

False

Current telehealth technologies are focused on clinicians being able to see patients and not interact with them since audio and streaming video capabilities are costly. True or False

False

A patient reviews inaccurate information about a medical condition on the Internet that results in a delay in care. This is a violation of which of the following? A. Nonmaleficence B. Ethical decision making C. Privacy D. Confidentiality

A. Nonmaleficence

A nurse is reading literature on cognitive science and understands that this discipline is influenced by which field of science? A. Psychology B. Sociology C. Chemistry D. Physiology

A. Psychology

Experts in computer science strive to understand how the mind processes: A. data and information. B. knowledge. C. sensory input. D. None of these is correct.

A. data and information.

Nursing informatics can be defined as which of the following? A. The specialty that integrates advanced practice with professional intuition to identify, define, manage, and communicate data, information, knowledge, and wisdom in nursing practice B. The synthesis of nursing science, information science, computer science, and cognitive science for the purpose of managing, disseminating and enhancing healthcare data, information, knowledge, and wisdom to improve collaboration and decision making, provide high-quality patient care, and advance the profession of nursing. C. The regulation of private patient information for the purpose of sharing patient-specific data with third-party providers. D. All of these are correct.

B. The synthesis of nursing science, information science, computer science, and cognitive science for the purpose of managing, disseminating and enhancing healthcare data, information, knowledge, and wisdom to improve collaboration and decision making, provide high-quality patient care, and advance the profession of nursing.

Knowledge can be defined as the awareness and understanding of a set of information. True or False

True

Computerized technologies will assist in the transformation of data into: A. wisdom. B. knowledge. C. research. D. information.

D. information.

Paper documentation hinders which of the following?

A. Ability to share information B. Ability to use nursing terminology C. Ability to collect patient care data over time D. Ability to apply research to patient care

When a nurse uses information from other sources to help rethink, revise, and apply knowledge to a clinical situation, this is known as: A. feedback. B. knowledge processing. C. knowledge engineering. D. None of these is correct.

A. feedback.

A nurse is caring for a patient who experiences a complication after surgery. The nurse understands the cause-and-effect relationship because her knowledge is based in: A. reason. B. intuition. C. empiricism. D. instinct.

A. reason.

What is the name of the federal legislation in the United States to control how financial institutions handle the private information they collect from individuals? A.Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (GLBA) B.Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) Act C.HL7 D.All of these are correct

A.Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (GLBA)

A nurse is teaching a nursing student about the use of social media and health care. Which statement is correct by the nurse? A. "Nurses can use social media at work as long as they don't post pictures of themselves with patients." B. "Nurses must use social media cautiously to protect patients' rights." C. "Social media is safe for nurses to use because individuals can restrict access to posts." D. "Posts on social media can be deleted, so caution in posting is overrated."

B. "Nurses must use social media cautiously to protect patients' rights."

A nurse is discussing options in the treatment plan with a patient who speaks another language. To enhance interaction and exchange of data and information, the nurse will use which of the following? A. Another nurse to translate the information B. A technologically based translator C. A family member as a translator D. An Internet website on the medical condition

B. A technologically based translator

Which of the following can be described as the appropriate use of knowledge to manage and solve human problems? A. Transformation B. Wisdom C. Research D. Information

B. Wisdom

Understanding of clinical practice decision making using cognitive science principles promotes the development of: A. administrative processing systems. B. clinical decision support tools. C. knowledge warehouses. D. All of these are correct.

B. clinical decision support tools.

The main goal of any ethical decision is to: A. promote trust. B. reach a rational justifiable decision. C. promote professionalism. D. generate knowledge.

B. reach a rational justifiable decision.

Healthcare organizations typically do not encourage use of personal devices for professional matters, and in many instances they actually have policies in place forbidding employees from using personal devices in the workplace. What is an issue or are issues with "bring your own device" (BYOD)? A.Validity B.Security of PHI C.Portability D.All of these are correct.

B.Security of PHI

Videoconferencing technology: A.is very easy to use. B.allows professionals to communicate more effectively and frequently with in-home patients. C.must be used for telehealth. D.All of these are correct.

B.allows professionals to communicate more effectively and frequently with in-home patients.

Acceptable use policies in an organization typically restrict downloads of files by employees because: A. employees may waste work time. B.downloads increase vulnerabilities to viruses. C.downloads interfere with backup and storage of data. D.All of these are correct.

B.downloads increase vulnerabilities to viruses.

A nurse is explaining how cognitive informatics helps improve information technology in health care. Which statement by the nurse is correct? A. "Cognitive informatics helps build complex computer systems for human use." B. "Cognitive informatics examines how the human brain is similar to a computer." C. "Cognitive informatics examines how humans interact with computers so better information technology systems can be built." D. "Cognitive informatics looks at how the human brain processes data and information that comes from a computer."

C. "Cognitive informatics examines how humans interact with computers so better information technology systems can be built."

A nurse is considering a social convention about right and wrong human conduct that has formed a communal consensus, known as which of the following? A. A value B. A right C. A moral D. A bioethic

C. A moral

Which of the following best describes the central goal of nursing informatics? A. To foster interdisciplinary collaboration and communication in a healthcare organization B. To promote patient safety and prevent falls by assigning a fall risk number to hospitalized patients C. To manage and communicate data, information, knowledge, and wisdom in the delivery of nursing care D. To increase efficiency of care delivery and help to manage costs

C. To manage and communicate data, information, knowledge, and wisdom in the delivery of nursing care

The prevalence of healthcare-associated infections demonstrates how the _______ can address healthcare quality issues. A. local database B. paper-based chart C. electronic health record D. All of these are correct.

C. electronic health record

New technologies used in health care, such as smartphones and Google Glass, create potential ethical issues associated with: A. the human technology interface. B. cognitive load. C. privacy and confidentiality. D. interoperability.

C. privacy and confidentiality.

Which of the following terms is defined as any physical or mental health information created, received, or stored by a "covered entity" that can be used to identify an individual patient, regardless of the form of the health information. A.Provider health information B.Patient health information C.Protected health information D.All of these are correct.

C.Protected health information

________ is the term that denotes the ease with which people can use an interface to achieve a particular goal. A.Workaround B.Situational awareness C.Usability D.All of these are correct.

C.Usability

An ID badge is an example of authentication by: A.something the user knows. B.something the user is. C.something the user has. D.All of these are correct.

C.something the user has.

A nurse is explaining nursing informatics to a nursing student. Which statement by the nurse is correct? A. "Nursing science is based in computer engineering and sciences." B. "Nursing informatics involves information science and computer technology." C. "Nursing informatics is a combination of computer science and mathematics." D. "Nursing informatics integrates nursing sciences and analytical sciences."

D. "Nursing informatics integrates nursing sciences and analytical sciences."

A nursing professional reads a nursing journal article on a new patient care technology. This nursing professional is: A. processing knowledge. B. generating knowledge. C. using feedback. D. acquiring knowledge.

D. Acquiring knowledge

Which of the following activities is/are used to build a foundation of knowledge in professional practice? A. Reading research and theory articles B. Attending continuing education programs C. Consulting with expert colleagues and using clinical practice guidelines D. All of these

D. All of these

A nurse's knowledge work includes interpreting trends in: A. laboratory results. B. symptoms. C. outcomes. D. All of these are correct.

D. All of these are correct.

Clinical decision support systems help users to: A. consider consequences of alternative actions. B. provide stores of information. C. make decisions in unfamiliar circumstances. D. All of these are correct

D. All of these are correct.

A nurse reviews the patient's electronic health record prior to meeting the patient. The nurse is: A. acquiring knowledge and wisdom. B. analyzing knowledge and data. C. applying knowledge from the basic sciences. D. gathering information and data.

D. Gathering information and data

How much is spent on health care in the United States per year? A.Less than $1 trillion B. Greater than $1 billion C. Less than $2 billion D. Greater than $2 trillion

D. Greater than $2 trillion

A nurse reviews the electronic health record of a patient and identifies a drug allergy to the medication that has been prescribed. The nurse has demonstrated: A. informatics competency. B. dissemination of nursing science. C. generation of new knowledge. D. interpretation of data.

D. Interpretation

A nurse is documenting patient data in the electronic health record, which will assist in: A. the communication of patient status updates with the patient's family members. B. stimulating nursing research ideas and dissemination of knowledge. C. building nursing skills and clinical experiences. D. communication with other healthcare providers.

D. communication with other healthcare providers.

The nurse violates a patient's confidentiality and right to privacy by: A. discussing care-related information with the patient's respiratory therapist. B. discussing a patient's diagnosis with an authorized family member. C. providing bedside report containing patient information to the oncoming nurse. D. looking up a colleague's diagnosis and laboratory results.

D. looking up a colleague's diagnosis and laboratory results.

Two ethics approaches that emphasize considerations for human needs and responsibility to meet needs are: A. principlism and antiprinciplism. B. beneficence and care ethics. C. bioethics and casuistry. D. virtue and care ethics.

D. virtue and care ethics.

Task analysis involves: A. inputs needed for the task. B.how a task must be accomplished. C.constraints on actors' choices on carrying out the task. D.All of these are correct.

D.All of these are correct.

It is safe to open an email attachment from a known sender. True or False

False

Artificial intelligence is the field that deals with the conception, development, and implementation of informatics tools based on intelligent technologies. This field attempts to capture the complex processes of human thought and intelligence. True or False

True

Browser privacy settings can control how cookies are used. True or False

True

Chronic diseases are of major concern to the United States, not only because of the impact they have on individuals, but also because of the tremendous cost associated with providing treatment for patients with these conditions. Adult-onset diabetes, for example, has reached epidemic proportions. A national health information technology infrastructure will help providers better identify those patients who are at risk for developing this disease and provide treatment strategies to avoid it. True or False

True

Cognitive task analysis usually starts by identifying, through interviews or questionnaires, the particular task and its typicality and frequency. True or False

True

Ethical dilemmas arise when issues raise questions that cannot be answered with a simple, clearly defined rule, fact, or authoritative view. True or False

True

Every nurse must commit to lifelong learning and the use of knowledge in practice in order to be successful. True or False

True

Extended and expanded access to clinical research findings and decision support tools has been significantly influenced by the advent of computerization and the Internet. True or False

True

Human-technology interface problems are a major cause of all patient monitoring incidents. It is not always that the technology itself is faulty. In fact, the technology may perform flawlessly, but the interface design may cause human error. True or False

True

A new nurse is documenting in a patient's electronic health record when a visitor approaches the nurse to ask questions. What should the nurse do to ensure confidentiality and security of the patient's electronic health record? A.Close the electronic health record immediately. B.Take the visitor to the nurse's station for assistance. C.Continue documenting the record and answer the visitor's questions. D.None of these is correct.

A. Close the electronic health record immediately

A nurse is performing a physical assessment on a patient with chest pain. Which of the following is a technology that the nurse would use to obtain objective data on the physical status of the patient? A. Heart monitor B. Clinical practice guideline C. Electronic health record D. Electronic nursing journal

A. Heart monitor

Ethics is best described as: A. a goal-oriented approach to answering questions that potentially have multiple acceptable answers. B. paradigmatic changes that involve rhythmic processes central to the healthcare system. C. ever-changing principles that guide decision making. D. a revolution in health care brought on by technologic change.

A. a goal-oriented approach to answering questions that potentially have multiple acceptable answers.

A nurse is reviewing the conceptual framework of nursing informatics and understands the first concept in this framework is: A. data. B. information. C. decision making. D. knowledge.

A. data.

It is termed __________if a nurse knows that a colleague has accessed or attempted to access the record of a patient for whom the colleague is not providing care. A.a breach B.a violation C.negligent behavior D.an infringement

A.a breach

Surveys of potential or actual users of a website can be conducted to: A.observe the steps users are likely to take to use the interface to accomplish typical tasks. B.assess preferences for a number of design characteristics such as display color, menu buttons, text, photo size, icon metaphor, and layout by selecting, on a computer screen, their preferences for each item from two or three options. C.reveal problems with the decision rules used to tailor content to users. D.encourage the evaluator to examine the fit between each two of the components: user and technology, task and technology, and user and task.

B.assess preferences for a number of design characteristics such as display color, menu buttons, text, photo size, icon metaphor, and layout by selecting, on a computer screen, their preferences for each item from two or three options

A strength of the FITT model is that it:. A. observes the steps users are likely to take to use the interface to accomplish typical tasks. B.encourages the evaluator to examine the fit between each two of the components: user and technology, task and technology, and user and task. C.is the least expensive testing method. D.All of these are correct.

B.encourages the evaluator to examine the fit between each two of the components: user and technology, task and technology, and user and task.

Behaviors leading to unintentional data breaches include: A.safeguarding an input device. B.walking away from a workstation without logging off. C.using numeral characters in passwords. D.All of these are correct.

B.walking away from a workstation without logging off.

Considering principles of cognitive informatics when designing technology interfaces helps to mitigate: A. information processing. B. use of resources. C. human mental workload. D. None of these is correct.

C. human mental workload.

Organizations are able to monitor who is using the organizational network and what files that user has accessed, because any use of an electronic network: A.constitutes fair use. B.protects against spam. C.leaves a digital footprint. D.All of these are correct.

C.leaves a digital footprint.

Some organizations provide offsite employees such as homecare nurses with a network interface device that does not have secure information stored on it. These devices are also known as: A.secure devices. B.networking facilitators. C.thin clients. D.All of these are correct.

C.thin clients.

A nurse is explaining justice in health care to a nursing student. Which statement is correct? A. "Justice is intentionally imposing risks that are unreasonable and unintentionally but carelessly imposing risks." B. "Justice refers to the individual's freedom from controlling interferences by others and from personal limitations that prevent meaningful choices." C. "Justice refers to actions performed that contribute to the welfare of others." D. "Justice refers to fair, equitable, and appropriate treatment no matter what is owed to a person."

D. "Justice refers to fair, equitable, and appropriate treatment no matter what is owed to a person."

An organization's confidentiality policy should clearly define: A.which data are confidential. B.procedures for releasing confidential information. C.procedures to follow if confidential information is accidentally released without authorization. D.All of these are correct.

D.All of these are correct.

HIPAA was enacted by the federal government for several purposes, including: A. better portability of health insurance as a worker moved from one job to another. B.deterrence of fraud, abuse, and waste within the healthcare delivery system. C.simplification of the administrative functions associated with the delivery of health care, such as reimbursement claims sent to Medicare and Medicaid. D.All of these are correct.

D.All of these are correct.

What is the human-technology interface? A.Educating users on the use of the system B.Software being designed to make technology work faster C.Hardware designed to facilitate its software D.Hardware and software that support humans interacting with technology

D.Hardware and software that support humans interacting with technology

A hardware security tool that helps protect an organization against security breaches by issuing masks to protect the identity of a corporation's employees who are accessing the Internet is a(n): A.masking program. B.firewall. C.antivirus program. D.proxy server.

D.proxy server.