Chapter 13

When the ______ entered Helsinki Summer Games in 1952, the games took on _________ that only increased as the ________ heated up. For many, the games became a symbolic struggle between the ____________.

Soviet Union, political overtones, Cold War, socialist and capitalist systems

Frenchman Baron Pierre de Coubertin conceived the Olympics as an international competition between gentlemen who would strive to represent themselves and their countries in an atmosphere of good sportsmanship. He believed that the amateur sportsman should play the game purely for the joy of participation and ignored he fact that the ancient Greeks were essentially full-time professionals who trained for competitions and expected to reap rewards from their efforts.

true

From the point of view of the IOC, awarding the Games to Munich was putting a stamp of approval upon post-Nazi Germany, assisting the German people to move beyond their recent tragic history.

true

The "Munich Massacre" ended whatever idealism any thoughtful person still held about the Olympics. Yet, in his closing speech at the memorial service, Avery Brundage made one of the most callous and insensitive statements of his career saying, "I am sure that the public will agree that we cannot allow a handful of terrorists to destroy this nucleus of international cooperation and good will. ... The Games must go on."

true

The presence of a collection of NBA stars on the American basketball "Dream Team" 1992 Barcelona Games signaled that a distinct new era of professionalism in Olympic history had arrived.

true

When the contract between the IOC and the Los Angeles Olympic Organizing Committee was signed in 1978, the contract stipulated that the Los Angeles organizing committee would retain any profits. Because not one cent of profit had been made in the previous 50 years, the IOC did not give this much thought. So, all of the $222.7 million profit went to the Los Angeles Olympic Organizing Committee. Thereafter, no such provision would be included - the IOC would make certain it got its cut.

true

What two major forces most influenced the evolution of the Olympic Games after the Second World War? I. the Cold War between the Unites States and the Soviet Union II. the erosion of the original amateur conception of the Olympics III. the pressure to permit professional athletes to perform IV. the large monitary rewards that could be reaped from the sale of television rights

I. the Cold War between the Unites States and the Soviet Union IV. the large monitary rewards that could be reaped from the sale of television rights

Who were the two 1968 Summer Olympic athletes that the stood on the victors' stand, their black-gloved fists raised in a Black Power protest salute as the flag was raised and the "Star Spangled Banner" played?

II. Tommie Smith III. John Carlos

The Munich Olympic hostage situation came to an end when several __________ were shot and killed by their _________, and the ________ died when a hand grenade was tossed into their helicopter. ABC anchor _________ who had provided a coherent narrative throughout the long ordeal, tearfully said, "They're gone. My father once told me that our greatest hopes and our worst fears are rarely realized. Tonight, our worst fears have been realized."

Israelis hostages, terrorist guards, remaining hostages, Jim McKay

Who was first to lure large television audiences to Olympic programming by unashamedly focusing primarily upon the top American athletes, the high-flying drama of ski jumpers, the blur of speeding bobsled teams, and the beauty and grace of figure skaters.

Roone Arledge

Peggy Fleming

a figure skater that won the only US gold medal in the 1968 Winter Olympics; US television highlighted her incredible beauty and skill to transform the Olympics into a major event that entertained and captivated audiences

Billy Mills

a member of the Oglala Lakota Sioux tribe, his unexpected victory in the 1964 Olympic 10,000-meter race made him the first Native American to win a gold medal since Jim Thorpe

The IOC considered athletes from the Soviet Union to be amateurs although a. they were employees of the state b. most were officers in the Soviet Union's Red Army. c. they were paid to concentrate upon developing their athletic skills d. all of the choices are correct e. none of the choices are correct

all of the choices are correct

Bruce Jenner / Caitlyn Jenner

announced his intensions to become a famous Olympian in order to convert his fame into financial rewards; after winning the decathlon competition, he left his vaulting poles lying on the ground and announced his retirement from competition before he even left the track; he married into the Kardashian family; in 2015 announce he was undergoing treatments for a sex change and revealed her new identity as Caitlyn Jenner

Mark Spitz

at the 1972 Munich Olympics he won seven gold medals and with each victory set a new world record; unfortunately the hostage situation overshadowed that amazing performance

Harry Edwards

began a campaign among premier black athletes to boycott the 1968 Mexico City Olympics as a means of protesting racial conditions in the United States

The United States' ________ of the ___________ proved to be counterproductive, ultimately serving only to _________ leading American athletes and millions of sports fans. It also triggered a ________ of the _________ games in 1984.

boycott, 1980 Moscow Olympic Games, alienate, Soviet Union Boycott, Los Angeles

Which of the following is NOT true of Avery Brundage? a. He was elected president of the IOC in 1952 after 25 secret ballots were cast b. He believed deeply that the Olympics should remain an amateur competition c. He repeatedly set aside his core beliefs and cut deals d. He was widely applauded for his high ideals and resistance to compromise

d. He was widely applauded for his high ideals and resistance to compromise

The 1980 Olympics semifinal hockey game between the United States and the Soviet Union is known as the "Miracle on Ice" because a. it was a dramatic and improbable victory b. ABC announcer Al Michaels screamed into the microphone, "Do you believe in miracles? Yes!" c. citizens of the US became more hopeful and began to put the trouble of the 1970s behind them d. A and B are correct, but not C e. A, B, and C are all true

e. A, B, and C are all true

Mary Lou Retton

her gold medal in the 1984 Los Angeles Olympic all-around gymnastics competition was a first for an American woman; she thrilled American television viewers when she scored a perfect 10 in the all-around competition, including a dramatic concluding vault

George Foreman

later regretted waving the US in celebration after his gold medal boxing victory in the 1968 Summer Olympics because it was interpreted by the American media as a rebuke of the Black Power Salute by Smith and Carlos

Carl Lewis

over his Olympic career he won nine gold medals but his personal popularity never equaled his substantial athletic accomplishments because he came across as arrogant and selfish

Wilma Rudolph

overcame polio to become a member of the Tennessee State Tigerbelles track team and a three-time Olympic champion sprinter; she declined to participate in a racially segregated event celebrating her 3 gold medals and world records in the 1960 summer Olympics

Peter Ueberroth

put on the Los Angeles Games without government money; his Games made $222.7 million profit, primarily by selling sponsorhips; his were the first profitable Olympics since the 1936 Berlin Games

Bob Beamon

record setting long jump in the 1968 Mexico City Olympics was one of the most amazing in all of Olympic history yet it took a back seat to the media coverage of the Black Power Salute by Smith and Carlos

At the ___________, United States lost its first ________ to the ___________ in the gold medal game. It was a close contest that ended in near chaos as the game officials __________ thereby giving the US opponents another opportunity to win the game. At least five major officiating errors occurred during these waning moments. Both the scorekeeper and a referee from Italy refused to sign the scorebook in protest. The US team members felt so strongly about the bizarre circumstances that they ___________.

1972 Summer Games, Olympic basketball game, Soviet Union, reset the clock, refused to accept their silver medals

The IOC awarded the _______ Summer Olympics to _________ as a symbolic recognition of welcoming _________ back into the fold of civilized nations. The Games were intended to be, among other things, a means of wiping out memories of ________.

1972, Munich, Germany, Nazism

Which Olympic Games were marred by a bomb in left in Centennial Olympic Plaza that killed one woman and injured 111 people?

1996 Summer Games in Atlanta

About 5 a.m. on September 5, 1972, eight members of the __________ terrorist organization forced their way into the Olympic Village apartments occupied by _________ athletes, coaches, and officials. Wrestling coach Moshe Weinberg attempted to block the door but was gunned down by automatic rifle fire. Two other Israelis died in the first moments of the attack. Most of the delegation managed to escape in the confusion, but nine members were ________ and a _________ ensued.

Palestinian Black September, Israeli, taken hostage, 24-hour standoff