Chapter 13 - The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves: Wiley Questions

In response to a muscle being stretched, a muscle spindle initiates a somatic spinal reflex that causes 1. contraction of the effector muscle. 2. relaxation of the antagonist muscle. 3. contraction of the antagonist muscle. 4. relaxation of the effector muscle.

1 and 2

Spinal nerves: 1. are part of the PNS. 2. connect the CNS to sensory receptors and effectors in all parts of the body. 3. are named according to the region of the vertebral column from which they emerge. 4. are mixed nerves. 5. only transmit sensory information. 6. only transmit motor information.

1, 2, 3 4

Sensory information travels to the brain via what?

Ascending tracts

What parts of a neuron within a nerve is/are wrapped in a protective endoneurium? 1. Myelinated axon 2. Unmyelinated axon 3. Dendrites

Both 1 and 2

Spinal nerve C8 exits between which two vertebrae?

C7-T1

In this diagram which structure is the conus medullaris?

E

A gymnast has damaged their hip flexor muscles. The nerve that innervates these muscles arise from which group of spinal nerves in this diagram?

F

In the diagram which structure contains nerve roots that arise from the lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal region of the spinal cord?

G

In this diagram where would somatic motor nuclei be located?

H

A nerve impulse initiated at a muscle spindle has to travel through which structure to enter the integrating center?

Posterior root of spinal nerve

The physician using a diagnostic probe stimulates the skin in the plantar surface of a patient, but the patient does not feel the sensation. Which nerves are probably damaged?

S1

What are examples of sensory tracts?

anterior spinothalamic and posterior columns

The white matter of the spinal cord is located where?

around the outside of the cord

The indicated structure contains what?

cell bodies of sensory neurons

The spinal cord ends between the first and second lumbar vertebrae. This area is called the what?

conus medullaris

What extends along the entire length of the spinal cord to protect the spinal cord against sudden displacement?

denticulate ligament

What is the list of the connective tissue coverings of the axons, fascicles, and entire nerve in the correct order

endoneurium, perineurium, epineurium

Which layer of protective connective tissue covers a nerve and fuses with the outer menix layer?

epineurium

Within a nerve, axons are bundled into what?

fascicles

Sensory and motor tracts within the spinal cord: - are separated into sensory tracts on the right and motor tracts on the left side of the spinal cord - have names that indicate the location of the initiation and termination of the nerve impulses they conduct - are located in the gray matter - all of these choices are correct

have names that indicate the location of the initiation and termination of the nerve impulses they conduct

Which part of a reflex arc can be monosynaptic or polysynaptic?

integrating center

If these structures were severed, the nerve impulses from pain and stretch receptors would not reach the spinal cord.

posterior root of spinal nerves

What statement best describes reciprocal innervation?

relaxation of antagonist at the same time of contraction of agonist

What is the sequence of the transmission of signals of a reflex arc?

sensory receptor, sensory neuron, integration center, motor neuron, effector

Which structure listed contains cerebrospinal fluid? - subarachnoid space - subdural space - epidural space - foramen magnum - posterior median sulcus

subarachnoid space