Chapter 14 Anatomy

Pataasin ang iyong marka sa homework at exams ngayon gamit ang Quizwiz!

Order the connective tissue wrappings of a nerve from deep to superficial.

1. Endoneurium 2.Perineurium 3.Epineurium

Generally, nervous tissue is made up of ______ distinct cell types.

2

Match the structure with the appropriate letter

A: Nucleolus B:Nucleus C:Axon hillock D: Neurolemmocyte E:Neurofibril node

Match the glial cell with the appropriate letter.

A:Astrocyte B:Microglial cell C:Satellite cell D:Ependymal cell EOligodendrocyte F:Neurolemmocyte

Match the structure with the appropriate letter.

A:Neuron B:Astrocyte C:Capillary

Match the structure with the appropriate letter.

A:Oligodendrocyte B:Microglial cell C:Neuron D:Astrocyte E:Ependymal cells

Match the structure with the appropriate letter.

A:Unipolar B:Bipolar C:Multipolar

Which of the following neurotransmitters is most common?

Acetylcholine

Match the glial cell with its function.

Astrocytes:Regulates tissue fluid composition Microglial cells: Defends against pathogens Ependymal cells:Produces CSF

Match the glial cell with its function.

Astrocytes:Regulates tissue fluid composition Microglial cells:Defends against pathogens Ependymal cells:Produces CSF

In a laboratory experiment, a neuron is observed conducting an electrical change down a long cell process toward a target cell. What portion of the neuron is being observed?

Axon

The central nervous system is made of the____and spinal cord.

Brain

______ are the most common.

Chemical synapses

______ use neurotransmitters.

Chemical synapses

Experiments on individual neurons in a laboratory include watching them pass changes in an electrical charge down their plasma membrane. What property of a neuron does this best exemplify?

Conductivity

______ is the type of neuronal circuit that is made when multiple impulses come together at a single postsynaptic neuron.

Converging circuit

_____conduct information from other cells toward the neuronal cell body.

Dendrites or dendrites

______ allow ions to pass from one neuron to the other.

Electrical synapses

The myelin sheath is made of large proportion of ______.

Fats

______ are also called association neurons.

Interneurons

Which glial cell acts as a phagocyte?

Microglial cells

Which type of neuron is most common?

Multipolar

What is the lumen inside the neural groove called?

Neural canal

______ provide tensile strength for the axons and dendrites.

Neurofibrils

______ are intermediate filaments that aggregate to form bundles called neurofibrils.

Neurofilaments

______ are excitable cells that initiate and transmit electrical signals.

Neurons

The term "anaxonic" describes a neuron with ______.

No Axon

______ are large cells that ensheath many different axons.

Oligodendrocytes

Match the glial cell with its function.

Oligodendrocytes:Myelinate axons within the CNS Neurolemmocytes:Myelinate axons within the PNS Satellite cells:Protects cell bodies in PNS ganglia

Bipolar neurons have one axon and ______ dendrite.

One

Neurofibril nodes are also called nodes of ______.

Ranvier

What is the name of the slightly expanded region at the tip of the terminal arborizations?

Synaptic knobs

Which are basic characteristics of a neuron?

They can conduct electrical charges High metabolic rate They can respond to a stimulus Depend on high levels of oxygen and glucose

______ neurons have a single, short neuron process that emerges from the cell body and branches like a T.

Unipolar

If a sensory neuron detects a painful stimulus, it will send a signal to an interneuron in the CNS for processing. This may result in a motor neuron stimulating muscle contraction, moving the body away from the painful stimulus. What are the structural classifications of the three neurons in this example? (listed in the order they appear)

Unipolar, multipolar, multipolar

Which two are divisions of the sensory nervous system?

Visceral division Somatic division

Which division of the nervous system transmits nerve impulses from blood vessels and viscera to the central nervous system?

Visceral sensory division

A synapse is a junction between ______.

a neuron and another cell

The term ______ means "inflowing".

afferent

Sensory ______ neurons carry information ______ the central nervous system.

afferent, toward

Lou Gehrig disease is also called ______.

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

The endoneurium is made of ______.

areolar connective tissue

The perivascular feet of a(n)______ help create a blood-brain barrier.

astrocyte

The synaptic knob is found ______.

at the extreme tips of the axon

The ______ is sometimes called the nerve fiber.

axon

The myelin sheath covers the ______.

axon

The main activity of ______ is nerve impulse conduction.

axons

The synapse is located ______ the presynaptic neuron and postsynaptic neuron.

between

The neurons in the retina of the eye are ______.

bipolar

A soma is another name for the ______ of a neuron.

cell body

Dendrites branch off of the ______.

cell body

The brain and spinal cord are part of the ______.

central nervous system

Ependymal cells help produce ______.

cerebrospinal fluid

Free and bound ribosomes in a neuron are called either Nissl bodies or ______ substance.

chromatophilic

A message traveling from one presynaptic neuron to multiple postsynaptic neurons is an example of a ______ circuit.

diverging

The neural plate is a thickened region of the ______.

ectoderm

The muscle and gland cells that receive nerve impulses from motor neurons are called ______.

effectors

Gap junctions are found in ______.

electrical synapses

An individual axon is wrapped in a connective tissue covering called the ______.

endoneurium

Synapses occur where axons contact which of the following?

gland cells muscle cells other neurons

Neurons have a ______ (high/low) metabolic rate and a ______ (long/short) lifespan.

high, long

An action potential is also called a nerve

impulse, signal, propagation, or Impulse

Neuronal pools are made of ______.

interneurons

The visceral sensory division is under ______ control.

involuntary

The neuron needs a high amount of energy or ATP. The ATP is created by the ______.

mitochondria

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a ______ neuron disease.

motor

Most motor neurons are ______.

multipolar

Oligodendrocytes create the______sheath in the central nervous system.

myelin or Myelin

The nervous system is primarily made of ______.

nervous tissue

The process of neurulation turns the ______ into nervous tissue structures.

neuroectoderm

The small spaces that interrupt the myelin sheath are called ______.

neurofibril nodes

Nervous tissue is composed of glial cells and______

neurons or Neurons

The neuroectoderm is the name for the cells that make up the neural ______.

plate

At a synapse, neurotransmitters are released by the ______ neuron.

presynaptic

A ______ transmits an impulse through its axon toward the synapse.

presynaptic neuron

The somatic ______ division of the nervous system receives information from the eyes, ears and skin.

sensory

If a(n) ______ detects a painful stimulus, it will send a signal to a(n) ______ in the CNS for processing. This may result in a(n) ______ stimulating muscle contraction, moving the body away from the painful stimulus.

sensory neuron, interneuron, motor neuron

Interneurons facilitate communication between ______ neurons and ______ neurons.

sensory, motor

A damaged axon within the PNS can regenerate if ______.

some neurilemma remains

The cell bodies of most motor neurons lie in the ______.

spinal cord

The components of the somatic sensory division are ______.

taste pain hearing

Synaptic knobs are also called ______.

terminal boutons end bulbs

The process of neurulation begins during week ______.

three

The blood-brain barrier helps protect the brain from ______.

toxins

The neural groove forms the neural ______.

tube

Pseudounipolar is another name for a(n) ______ neuron

unipolar

The cell bodies of ______ neurons are found in the dorsal root ganglia.

unipolar

The ______ functional division of the nervous system transmits information from the viscera to the central nervous system.

visceral sensory division


Kaugnay na mga set ng pag-aaral

Vocabulary Economics Principles Practices

View Set

Fundamentals of Information Security CH8

View Set

Financial Management Chapter 1, Financial Management Chapter 2, Financial Management Chapter 3, Financial Management Chapter 4

View Set

Physics Chapter 17: Electrical Energy and Current

View Set

MGMT 1105 Organizational Behavior Quiz 8

View Set