Chapter 14 questions
99) Which of these dural folds is mismatched with its location?
A) falx cerebri; transverse fissure
21) Cerebrospinal fluid enters the subarachnoid space through the
D) lateral and median apertures.
55) The superior border of the temporal lobe is marked by the
D) lateral sulcus.
71) The cardiovascular reflexes are based in the
D) medulla oblongata.
98) The control of heart rate and blood pressure is based in the
D) medulla oblongata.
4) The cerebellum and pons develop from the
D) metencephalon.
60) The visual cortex is located in the
D) occipital lobe.
123) Olfactory receptors send axons through the cribriform plate and synapse on neurons in the
D) olfactory bulb.
115) Damage to the premotor cortex of the frontal lobe would interfere with the ability to
D) play the piano.
64) The sense of taste projects to the gustatory cortex located in the ________ and ________.
D) precentral gyrus; prefrontal cortex.
18) Which of the following is not a function of cerebrospinal fluid?
D) provides ATP for impulse transmission
17) What contains a spiderweblike network of cells and fibers through which cerebrospinal fluid flows?
D) subarachnoid space
133) Examination of a tissue sample from the central nervous system reveals many darkly pigmented cells. This tissue probably came from the
D) substantia nigra.
47) The ________ receive visual input from the lateral geniculates.
D) superior colliculi
5) Sensory information is processed and relayed to the cerebrum by the
D) thalamus.
107) The cranial nerve that has three major branches is the
D) trigeminal.
27) The cerebellar hemispheres are separated by a band of cortex called the
D) vermis.
51) A tract of white matter that connects the hippocampus with the hypothalamus is the
E) fornix.
9) The ________ provides the principal link between the nervous and endocrine systems.
E) hypothalamus
119) The reflex movement of the head toward a loud noise is directed by the mesencephalon. Which nuclei accomplish this?
E) inferior colliculi
30) The medulla oblongata relays auditory information to the
E) inferior colliculi.
57) The region of the cerebral cortex that is medial and deep to the temporal lobe is the
E) insula.
130) After suffering a blow to the back of the head, Phil loses his vision. The blow probably caused damage to the
E) occipital lobe.
66) The internal capsule of the cerebrum is composed of
E) projection fibers.
150) What is the function of the nerve labeled "ʺ5"ʺ?
E) visceral sensation and motor control
109) Gustatory information reaches the brain by way of
E) cranial nerve IX
148) What is the function of the nerve labeled "ʺ10"ʺ?
E) eye movement
84) The choroid plexus produces CSF at a rate of about
A) 500 mL/day .
94) ________ is a disorder affecting the ability to speak or read.
A) Aphasia
90) Damage to the substantia nigra causes a decrease in the neurotransmitter dopamine. This causes a gradual, generalized increase in muscle tone, which is the main symptom of
A) Parkinson disease.
69) The ________ is located at the tip of the tail of the caudate nucleus.
A) amygdaloid body
37) The anterior nuclei of the thalamus
A) are part of the limbic system.
89) The cerebellum can be permanently damaged by stroke or temporarily affected by drugs or alcohol. The resulting disturbance in motor control is known as
A) ataxia.
128) At the optic chiasm
A) axons from the nasal halves of each retina cross.
142) What is produced by the structure labeled "ʺ2"ʺ?
A) cerebrospinal fluid
72) The highest levels of information processing occur in the
A) cerebrum.
111) A reflex that is used to assess the sensory function of the trigeminal nerve is the ________ reflex.
A) corneal
146) Identify the structure labeled "ʺ7."ʺ
A) dura mater
3) The floor of the diencephalon is formed by the
A) hypothalamus.
34) Stimulation of the reticular formation results in
A) increased consciousness.
116) Excitation of neurons in the basal nuclei would lead to
A) increased muscle tone.
19) Cerebrospinal fluid
A) is secreted by ependymal cells.
76) Male brains are typically ________ compared to female brains.
A) larger
52) The two cerebral hemispheres are separated by the
A) longitudinal fissure.
7) Autonomic centers that control blood pressure, heart rate, and digestion are located in the
A) medulla oblongata.
97) The only sensation that is received directly by the cerebrum is
A) olfaction.
54) The cerebral area posterior to the central sulcus is the
A) parietal lobe.
15) What structure is covered by many blood vessels and adheres tightly to the surface of the brain?
A) pia mater
100) The layer of the meninges that closely follows every gyrus and sulcus is the
A) pia mater.
63) The region of the brain responsible for predicting the consequence of events or actions is the
A) prefrontal cerebral cortex.
59) The surface of the postcentral gyrus contains the ________ cortex.
A) primary sensory
43) The ________ integrate(s) sensory information for projection to the cerebral cortex.
A) pulvinar
92) You suspect your friend has damage to cranial nerve I when he is unable to
A) smell his food.
29) The tract that links the cerebellum with the pons is the
A) superior cerebellar peduncle. B) inferior cerebellar peduncle. C) middle cerebellar peduncle.
79) During embryonic development, which of the following secondary brain vesicles will form the cerebrum?
A) telencephalon
132) Difficulties in estimating temporal relationships between events may stem from damage to
A) the prefrontal cortex.
93) ________ is a condition resulting from an inflammation of a facial nerve.
B) Bell palsy
106) The cranial nerves that innervate the eye muscles are
B) III, IV, and VI.
91) ________ centers receive information from many association areas and direct extremely complex motor activities such as speech.
B) Integrative
28) The white matter of the cerebellum forms the
B) arbor vitae.
86) The cells that cover the outer surfaces of CNS endothelial cells are the
B) astrocytes.
67) Within each hemisphere, deep to the floor of the lateral ventricle, you will find the
B) basal nuclei.
144) Identify the structure labeled "ʺ10."ʺ
B) central canal
38) The medial nuclei of the thalamus
B) connect emotional centers in the hypothalamus with the frontal lobe.
96) A(n) ________ is a printed record of the brain'ʹs electrical activity over a period of time.
B) electroencephalogram
80) Specialized ________ cells form the secretory component of the choroid plexus.
B) ependymal
16) The dural fold that projects into the longitudinal fissure between cerebral hemispheres is called the
B) falx cerebri.
49) Which of the following is not a property of the limbic system?
B) functions in maintaining homeostasis in cold weather
139) Bob is struck on the left side of the head and is knocked unconscious. When he recovers consciousness, he can hear individual words but cannot understand the meaning of phrases or sentences. This implies damage to his
B) general interpretive area.
125) A patient develops a tumor of a cranial nerve that leads to difficulty in speaking from a loss of tongue movement. Which cranial nerve is affected?
B) hypoglossal
41) The optic tracts carry visual information from the retina to the
B) lateral geniculates.
127) After suffering a stroke, Mary finds that she cannot move her right arm. This would suggest that the stroke damage is in the area of the ________ lobe.
B) left frontal
105) Droopy eyelids and double vision can result from injury to the ________ nerve.
B) oculomotor
147) What is the function of the structure labeled "ʺ7"ʺ?
B) olfaction
6) The tracts that connect the cerebellum to the brain stem are located in the
B) pons.
58) The primary motor cortex is the surface of the
B) precentral gyrus.
74) The basal nuclei
B) provide the general pattern and rhythm for movements such as walking.
31) The regions of the mesencephalon that issue subconscious motor commands that affect upper limb position and background muscle tone are the
B) red nuclei.
112) The tympanic reflex
B) restricts the movement of auditory ossicles.
10) The thin partition that separates the first and second ventricles is the
B) septum pellucidum.
136) Increased production and release of acetylcholine by the neurons of the cerebral nuclei would result in
B) spastic, uncontrolled muscle contractions.
78) The ________ filters and relays sensory information to cerebral cortex.
B) thalamus
141) Jean needs to have a tooth in her mandible filled. Her dentist injects a local anesthetic to block pain afferents in one of her cranial nerves. What cranial nerve does the dentist numb?
B) trigeminal
149) Identify the nerve labeled "ʺ11."ʺ
B) trigeminal
104) There are ________ pairs of cranial nerves.
C) 12
138) Which of the cranial nerves is named for the fact that it "ʺwanders,"ʺ that is, innervates structures throughout the thorax and abdomen?
C) X
143) Identify the structure labeled "ʺ3."ʺ
C) aqueduct of midbrain
62) Cortical regions that interpret sensory information or coordinate motor responses are called ________ areas.
C) association
26) Overseeing the postural muscles of the body and making rapid adjustments to maintain balance and equilibrium are functions of the
C) cerebellum.
32) Nerve fiber bundles on the ventrolateral surface of the mesencephalon are the
C) cerebral peduncles.
45) The mamillary bodies of the hypothalamus
C) control feeding reflexes.
85) As CSF circulates, ________ between it and the interstitial fluid of the CNS is unrestricted between and across the ependyma.
C) diffusion
48) Which of the following is not a component of the limbic system?
C) globus pallidus
121) Parkinson disease is the result of
C) inadequate production of dopamine by substantia nigra neurons.
70) The putamen and globus pallidus are frequently considered to be subdivisions of the
C) lentiform nucleus.
53) Divisions of the cerebral hemispheres that are named after the overlying skull bones are
C) lobes.
108) Sensory innervation of the lower teeth and gums is by the ________ nerve.
C) mandibular branch of the trigeminal
42) The ________ relay auditory information to the auditory cortex.
C) medial geniculates
12) The third and fourth ventricles are linked by a slender canal designated as the
C) mesencephalic aqueduct.
35) Which of the following is a function of the thalamus?
C) process sensory information and relay it to the cerebrum
1) Which of these is not one of the main divisions of the adult brain?
C) prosencephalon
120) Damage to the superior colliculi would interfere with the reflex ability to
C) react to a bright light.
118) Damage to the preoptic area of the hypothalamus leads to which problem?
C) reduced ability to regulate body temperature
87) Which antibiotic enters the CNS without difficulty because it easily crosses the blood-brain barrier?
C) sulfadiazine
46) The tectum of the mesencephalon contains the
C) superior and inferior colliculi.
22) Cerebrospinal fluid enters the blood circulation at the
C) superior sagittal sinus.
61) The auditory cortex is located in the
C) temporal lobe.
137) Terry suffers from dissociation of memories from their emotional content as the result of an automobile accident. What system of the brain is probably damaged?
C) the limbic system
88) The respiratory rhythmicity center is located in
C) the medulla oblongata.
20) Absorption at the arachnoid granulations returns CSF to the
C) venous circulation.
140) Jane suffers from chronic seizures and in order to control the problem undergoes surgery in which the fibers of the corpus callosum are cut. As a result of this surgery she would likely be unable to
C) verbally identify an object placed in her left hand.
101) Damage to the corpora quadrigemina would interfere with
C) visual and auditory reflex movements of the head and neck.
114) Damage to the pyramidal cells of the cerebral cortex would directly affect
C) voluntary motor activity.
126) Which of the following symptoms would you associate with damage to the spinal accessory nerve?
C) weakness of the sternocleidomastoid muscle
75) The adult human brain contains almost ________ of the body'ʹs neural tissue.
D) 97 percent
134) The brain requires a substantial blood supply. The vessels that deliver blood to the brain are the
D) A and B only
135) Which sensation(s) does the vestibulocochlear nerve carry?
D) A and B only
40) The posterior nuclei of the thalamus include the
D) A, B and C
39) The ventral nuclei of the thalamus
D) A, B and C.
103) A person with a damaged visual association area may be
D) able to see letters but unable to associate them into words.
73) Higher-order functions
D) all of the above
83) Ependymal cells work to
D) all of the above
131) The general interpretive area
D) allows us to interpret what is read or heard.
24) The nucleus gracilis and nucleus cuneatus
D) both A and B
122) The presence of many large, highly-branched Purkinje cells in a sample of brain tissue indicates that it came from the
D) cerebellar cortex.
65) The corpus callosum is composed of
D) commissural fibers.
2) Which of the following lies between the cerebrum and the brain stem?
D) diencephalon
14) The dural sinuses are located in the
D) dural folds.
13) The ventricle associated with the pons and upper medulla is the
D) fourth.
151) What is the function of the nerve labeled "ʺ4"ʺ?
D) hearing and balance
50) The ________ is important in storage and recall of new long-term memories.
D) hippocampus
68) Which of the following is not one of the basal nuclei?
D) hippocampus
129) Joe begins to experience mood swings and disturbed thirst and hunger. Imaging studies indicate that a brain tumor is the likely cause of these disorders. In what part of the brain is the tumor most likely located?
D) hypothalamus
11) Each lateral ventricle communicates with the third ventricle through a(n)
D) interventricular foramen.
36) Which of the following is (are) true of the epithalamus?
E) A and B only
56) The region of the cerebral cortex superior to the lateral sulcus is the
E) A and C
110) Difficulty in swallowing may be a sign of damage to which cranial nerve(s)?
E) A and C only
8) A neural cortex is found on the surface of the
E) A and C only
95) ________ is a temporary cerebral disorder accompanied by abnormal movements, unusual sensations, and/or inappropriate behavior.
E) A seizure
25) The pons contains
E) A, B, and C
124) Hydrocephalus or "ʺwater on the brain"ʺ may
E) B or C
102) If the corpus callosum is surgically cut,
E) all of the above
113) Integrative centers concerned with the performance of complex processes are restricted to either the left or the right hemisphere. These complex processes include
E) all of the above
117) Tic douloureux is
E) all of the above
23) Which of the following is a property of the blood-brain barrier?
E) all of the above
33) Which of the following is a property of the mamillary bodies?
E) all of the above
44) Which of the following is a function of the hypothalamus?
E) all of the above
82) Which of the following help to protect the brain?
E) all of the above
145) Identify the structure labeled "ʺ8."ʺ
E) arachnoid granulation
77) The medulla oblongata regulates
E) both A and C
81) As you ascend from the medulla oblongata to the cerebrum, the functions of each successive level become
E) both A and D