Chapter 14: Somatosensory Function, Pain, Headache

A client asks if pain threshold and pain tolerance are the same. The best response by the health care provider would be:

"Pain threshold is the point at which a stimulus is perceived as painful."

Which client(s) is showing manifestations of infection? Select all that apply. 75-year-old client with temperature 37.3°C (99.2°F), declining mental status, weakness and fatigue 50-year-old client with temperature 36.5°C (97.7°F), heart rate 65 beats/min, fatigue 25-year-old client with temperature 40°C (104°F), sweating, shivering, states generalized pain 5-year-old client with temperature 36.8°C (98.2°F), distracted and irritable 2-month-old client with temperature 38.3°C (100.4°F), lethargy, poor feeding, and cyanosis

75-year-old client with temperature 37.3°C (99.2°F), declining mental status, weakness and fatigue 25-year-old client with temperature 40°C (104°F), sweating, shivering, states generalized pain 2-month-old client with temperature 38.3°C (100.4°F), lethargy, poor feeding, and cyanosis

A client has been diagnosed with a fever of unknown cause. The nurse recognizes this as: A prolonged fever that does not have an identified source A fever of new onset A fever that has responded well to several medications A fever that only occurs in adults

A prolonged fever that does not have an identified source

A client reports general malaise and has a temperature is 103.8°F (39.9°C). What is the rationale for administering a prescribed aspirin, an antipyretic, to this client? Temperatures in excess of 99.5°F (37.5°C) can result in seizure activity. Lower temperatures inhibit the protein synthesis of bacteria. Antipyretics protect vulnerable organs, such as the brain, from extreme temperature elevation. Most antipyretics have been shown to have little effect on core temperature but alleviate discomforts.

Antipyretics protect vulnerable organs, such as the brain, from extreme temperature elevation.

Nonshivering thermogenesis occurs in which of the following to help the newborn infant fight hypothermia? Brown fat Adipose tissue Subcutaneous tissue Epidermis

Brown fat

What will the nurse teach a client with trigeminal neuralgia about the first line treatment for the condition?

Carbamazepine is a first-line treatment.

A client with a rising temperature is pale and has begun to shiver. The nurse reports that the client is in which phase of fever development?

Chill

An older adult's blood cultures have come back positive, despite the fact that the client's oral temperature remains within normal range. Which phenomena underlies the alterations in fever response that occur in older adults?

Disturbance in the functioning of the thermoregulatory center

Which principles should underlie the pain control strategy in the care of a child with a diagnosis of cancer? Opioids should be avoided in order to prevent liver and kidney insult. Dosing and timing should aim for a steady serum level of the prescribed drug. Doses of analgesia should be given only when the client's pain becomes severe. Drugs from numerous classifications should be used to maximize pain control.

Dosing and timing should aim for a steady serum level of the prescribed drug.

With which activity would a client experiencing astereognosis need help?

Identifying an object by touch

The nurse needs to assess a 1-year-old child for fever. Which approach will produce the most accurate reading?

Rectal

A client is experiencing chest pain that radiates to the left arm and neck. The nurse would interpret this pain as:

Referred

A client has a fever that was induced by damage to the hypothalamus due to intercranial bleeding. The nurse plans care for which type of fever?

Neurogenic

A two-day postoperative client's temperature was 98.5°F (36.9°C) at 3:00 pm. At 6:00 pm, the unlicensed assistant (UAP) notifies the nurse that the client's temperature is 102°F (38.9°C). Which action should the nurse take? Notify the physician. Offer the client a cold drink. Document the temperature. Increase intravenous fluid rate.

Notify the physician.

The nurse asks the client if she would like medication for pain after an appendectomy but the client decides to wait. What does the nurse understand may influence this client's pain threshold and tolerance? Select all that apply. Psychological factors Cultural factors Environmental factors Familial factors Trust factors

Psychological factors Cultural factors Environmental factors Familial factors

Children feel pain just as much as adults do. What is the major principle in pain management in the pediatric population?

Treat on individual basis and match analgesic agent with cause and level of pain.

Which client is most likely to be susceptible to developing a neurogenic fever? Has stage 2 Alzheimer disease Sustained a head injury in a bicycle crash Became delirious after the administration of a benzodiazepine Takes a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) for the treatment of depression

Sustained a head injury in a bicycle crash

A client who works in a high stress job presents with facial pain and severe headache. She reports that she sometimes feels the pain in her neck or ear and that it is particularly bad during very busy times at work. Which diagnosis is most likely associated with these symptoms? Migraine headache Cluster headache Temporomandibular joint syndrome Sinus headache

Temporomandibular joint syndrome

A student is feeling inside her backpack to find her mobile phone. There are a number of other items in the backpack. Which component of somatosensory conduction is most likely to provide the detailed sensory information that will help her distinguish her phone from other items? The primary dorsal root ganglion neuron, dorsal column neuron, and the thalamic neuron A slow-conducting pathway that projects into the intralaminar nuclei of the thalamus The opposite anterolateral pathway that travels to the reticular activating system A bilateral, multisynaptic, slow-conducting tract

The primary dorsal root ganglion neuron, dorsal column neuron, and the thalamic neuron

A recovery room nurse monitoring a client for adverse effects of cold cardioplegia assesses for: Ventricular dysrhythmia Postoperative anxiety Increased intercranial pressure Postoperative migraine

Ventricular dysrhythmia