Chapter 14: Stress, Lifestyle, and Health

Which of the following is an example of the alarm reaction stage of the general adaptation syndrome? A. A burst of energy enables Hassan to run fast when he sees a skunk in his path. B. Bill collapses by the side of the road after the marathon. C. Sheila almost drowned, but she was able to keep her head out of the water and focus on swimming to shore. D. William sleepwalks when he eats too much candy before bed.

A. A burst of energy enables Hassan to run fast when he sees a skunk in his path.

Which of the following is a good example of a response-based definition of stress? A. Bruce experiences stress because his heart rate increased when he noticed Jack had a knife. B. Clark experiences stress because his friend plans to shoplift some candy. C. Robin experiences stress because he notices his boat is damaged and worries about taking on water, but then he feels better when he sees a Coast Guard ship nearby. D. Tony experiences stress when he sees the storm warning, but Pepper is not bothered by thunderstorms so she does not experience stress.

A. Bruce experiences stress because his heart rate increased when he noticed Jack had a knife.

A(n) ________ attack is often triggered by environmental factors, such as air pollution, allergens, cigarette smoke, airway infections, cold air or a sudden change in temperature, and exercise. A. asthma B. cardiovascular C. heart D. stress

A. asthma

Noticing that you have difficulty concentrating during and after periods of prolonged stress exemplifies how stress can have a negative ________ impact. A. cognitive B. emotional C. physical D. social

A. cognitive

A high-stress job, overcrowding, and long commutes to work are examples of the way some psychologists conceptualize stress as a ________. A. demanding or threatening event or situation B. relatively minor irritation C. result of physiological changes D. ubiquitous presence in our lives

A. demanding or threatening event or situation

Doug is an emergency room nurse in a large, underfunded, public hospital. Lately, he finds himself assuming that the patients he sees are just trying to get free drugs to feed an addiction. Just yesterday a little boy was brought in with a broken arm, and Doug found that he was completely indifferent to the boy's pain. What aspect of job burnout does this exemplify? A. depersonalization B. diminished personal accomplishment C. exhaustion D. resistance

A. depersonalization

People who reach the ________ level of stress feel burned out; they are fatigued, exhausted, and their performance begins to decline. A. distress B. eustress C. primary D. secondary

A. distress

Which of the following is an example of a primary appraisal of a stressor? A. Ava decides to quit her job because her employer is so unpleasant. B. Humphrey judges the man with the gun to be a moderate threat. C. Mekhi weighs his options on dealing with the bully who is harassing him. D. Sophia decides to get a divorce because her husband is cheating on her.

B. Humphrey judges the man with the gun to be a moderate threat.

Dr. Frobish possesses a ________ behavior pattern because she is an intensively driven workaholic, preoccupied with deadlines, and always seems to be in a rush. A. Tiger B. Type A C. Type B D. Type One

B. Type A

Heather considers taking a new job. She focuses on the increased opportunities for promotion and the higher salary rather than her increased responsibilities; therefore, she views the new position as a ________ rather than a ________. A. challenge; distress B. challenge; threat C. distress; eustress D. threat; challenge

B. challenge; threat

Lamont cares for his aging father, who suffers from dementia. This is an example of a(n) ________ stressor. A. acute B. chronic C. non-threatening D. threatening

B. chronic

Rush hour traffic, lost keys, obnoxious coworkers, and inclement weather are all examples of a(n) ________. A. acute stressor B. daily hassle C. immunosuppressant D. item on the SRRS

B. daily hassle

Taylor is a social worker. He is overworked, his caseload is overwhelming, and he no longer believes that what he does on a day-to-day basis has any real impact or improves anyone's life.Taylor is probably suffering from ________. A. career fatigue B. job burnout C. posttraumatic stress disorder D. the resistance stage of the general adaptation syndrome

B. job burnout

Lydia is often described as having a positive outlook on life. She assumes the best of people and situations. Lydia exemplifies ________. A. negative affectivity B. optimism C. positive psychology D. Type A personality

B. optimism

Keegan is a police officer. She was recently placed on administrative leave because she was shot during an armed robbery. Since the shooting, she can't stop thinking about how it felt to be shot, she is often angry with her husband, she jumps when she hears a loud noise, and she takes a 15 minute detour when driving home to avoid the neighborhood where it happened. Keegan probably suffers from ________. A. physiological stressors related to her shooting B. posttraumatic stress disorder C. prolonged exposure to cortisol D. the exhaustion stage of the general adaptation syndrome

B. posttraumatic stress disorder

Ehab is a high school science teacher. He recently received a Teacher of the Year award for his district, but he believes he only received it because no one else bothered to apply for it. He is a popular teacher, but he is convinced the students only pretend to like him so they will get better grades. What aspect of job burnout does his exemplify? A. alarm B. depersonalization C. diminished personal accomplishment D. exhaustion

C. diminished personal accomplishment

Jade hears a rattle. When she turns around she sees a rattlesnake inches from her leg. Her pupils dilate, her heart pounds, and she begins to sweat. This response is called the ________response. A. emotion-threat B. eustress-distress C. fight-or-flight D. flight-or-fright

C. fight-or-flight

A ________ psychologist might investigate why people continue to smoke or eat high fat and processed food despite knowing the potential adverse health implications of such behaviors. A. fitness B. Gestalt C. health D. stress

C. health

Over the past few years, research suggests that stress levels in the United States have________. A. decreased slightly B. exponentially decreased C. increased D. stayed the same

C. increased

Noomi seems to live by the "don't sweat the small stuff" concept. She is relaxed, laid-back, and never seems too concerned about meeting deadlines or finishing a to-do list. Noomi has a ________ personality A. stress-free B. tranquil C. Type A D. Type B

D. Type B

Which of the following is an example of the resistance stage of the general adaptation syndrome? A. Diamond begs her mother for a puppy even after she is told she can't have one. B. It is time for Fallon's nap, but he cannot fall sleep. C. Patrice can't stop talking even after her teacher asks her to remain silent. D. Tyrique almost falls out of the tree, but he grabs a branch, and now that the danger of falling has passed, he focuses his energy and attention on getting down from the tree safely.

D. Tyrique almost falls out of the tree, but he grabs a branch, and now that the danger of falling has passed, he focuses his energy and attention on getting down from the tree safely.

Guidance, encouragement, acceptance, emotional comfort, and tangible assistance are all examples of ________. A. eustress B. happiness C. health D. social support

D. social support

A stressor would be appraised as a ________ if someone anticipates that it could lead to some kind of harm, loss, or other negative consequence; however, if someone believes that it carries the potential for gain or personal growth, it would be appraised as a ________. A. challenge; threat B. response; stimulus C. stimulus; response D. threat; challenge

D. threat; challenge

Which of the following is an example of eustress? A. getting a divorce B. losing a job C. recovering from a car accident D. training for a marathon

D. training for a marathon