chapter 14 the brain and cranial nerves
22) Which of the following is a property of the blood-brain barrier?
all of these answers are correct
28) Which of the following help to protect the brain?
all of these answers are correct
30) Ependymal cells work to
all of these answers are correct
Use Figure 14-1 to answer the following questions: 43) Identify the structure labeled "8."
arachnoid granulation
27) Cerebrospinal fluid enters the blood circulation at the
arachnoid granulations
34) The cells that cover the outer surfaces of CNS capillary endothelial cells are the
arstrocytes
99) Cortical regions that interpret sensory information or coordinate motor responses are called ________ areas.
association
36) Hydrocephalus or "water on the brain" may result from
blockage of CFS circulation or excessive CSF production
47) The medulla oblongata regulates
blood pressure and respiration
Use Figure 14-1 to answer the following questions: 45) Identify the structure labeled "10."
central canal
16) The third and fourth ventricles are linked by a slender canal designated as the
cerebral aqueduct
Use Figure 14-1 to answer the following questions: 39) Identify the structure labeled "3."
cerebral aqueduct
Use Figure 14-1 to answer the following questions: 38) What is produced by the structure labeled "2"?
cerebrospinal fluid
11) A neural cortex is found on the surface of the
cerebrum
Use Figure 14-1 to answer the following questions: 37) Identify the structure labeled "1."
choroid plexus
94) The corpus callosum is composed of
commissural fibers
5) Which of the following lies between the cerebrum and the brain stem?
diencephalon
33) As CSF circulates, ________ between it and the interstitial fluid of the CNS is unrestricted between and across the ependyma.
diffusion
Use Figure 14-1 to answer the following questions: 42) Identify the structure labeled "7."
dura mater
19) The dural sinuses are located in the
dural folds
18) Specialized ________ cells form the secretory component of the choroid plexus.
ependymal
15) Each lateral ventricle communicates with the third ventricle through a(n)
extensiveness of the gyri and sulci
23) The dural fold that projects into the longitudinal fissure between cerebral hemispheres is called the
falx cerebru
17) The ventricle associated with the pons and upper medulla is the
fourth
13) The ________ provides the principal link between the nervous and endocrine systems.
huypothalamus
7) The tracts that connect the cerebellum to the brain stem are located in the
pons
53) The cerebellar hemispheres are separated by a band of cortex called the
vermis
31) The choroid plexus produces CSF at a rate of about
500ml/day
1) The adult human brain contains almost ________ of the body's neural tissue.
97 percent
86) Damage to the substantia nigra causes a decrease in the neurotransmitter dopamine. This causes a gradual, generalized increase in muscle tone, which is the main symptom of
A) Parkinson's disease.
71) The anterior nuclei of the thalamus
A) are part of the limbic system
56) The cerebellum can be permanently damaged by stroke or temporarily affected by drugs or alcohol. The resulting disturbance in motor control is known as
A) ataxia
54) The white matter of the cerebellum forms the
B) arbor vitae
72) The medial nuclei of the thalamus
B) connect emotional centers in the hypothalamus with the frontal lobe
70) Which of the following is (are) true of the epithalamus?
B) forms the roof of the diencephalon
82) which of the following is not a property of the limbic system?
B) functions in maintaining homeostasis in cold weather
73) The posterior nuclei of the thalamus include(s) the
B) lateral and medial geniculate nuclei
74) The optic tracts carry visual information from the retina to the
B) lateral geniculates
78) The ________ filters and relays sensory information to cerebral cortex.
B) thalamus
20) What structure is covered by many blood vessels and adheres tightly to the surface of the brain?
pia mater
60) Nerve fiber bundles on the ventrolateral surface of the mesencephalon are the
C) cerebral peduncles
77) The mamillary bodies of the hypothalamus
C) control feeding reflexes
81) which of the following is not a component of the limbic system?
C) globus pallidus
75) Which of the following is a function of the thalamus?
C) process sensory information and relay it to the cerebrum
79) Damage to the preoptic area of the hypothalamus leads to which problem?
C) reduced ability to regulate body temperature
61) The tectum of the mesencephalon contains the
C) superior and inferior colliculi.
85) Terry suffers from dissociation of memories from their emotional content as the result of an automobile accident. What system of the brain is probably damaged?
C) the limbic system
35) The layer of the meninges that closely follows every gyrus and sulcus is the
pia mater
65) Damage to the corpora quadrigemina would interfere with
C) visual and auditory reflex movements of the head and neck.
55) The presence of many large, highly-branched Purkinje cells in a sample of brain tissue indicates that it came from the
D) cerebellar cortex.
83) The ________ is important in storage and recall of new long-term memories.
D) hippocampus
66) Examination of a tissue sample from the central nervous system reveals many darkly pigmented cells. This tissue probably came from the
D) substantia nigra
80) Joe begins to experience mood swings and disturbed thirst and hunger. Imaging studies indicate that a brain tumor is the likely cause of these disorders. In what part of the brain is the tumor most likely located?
D) hypothalamus
67) Which of the following is a property of the mamillary bodies?
E) All of the answers are correct
69) Which of the following is a function of the hypothalamus?
E) All of the answers are correct
84) A tract of white matter that connects the hippocampus with the hypothalamus is the
E) fornix.
58) The medulla oblongata relays auditory information to the
E) inferior colliculi
64) The reflex movement of the head toward a loud noise is directed by the mesencephalon. Which nuclei accomplish this?
E) inferior colliculi
6) The floor of the diencephalon is formed by the
hypothalamus
91) The region of the cerebral cortex that is medial and deep to the temporal lobe is the
insula
93) The sense of taste projects to the gustatory cortex located in the ________ and ________.
insula; frontal lobe
21) The brain requires a substantial blood supply. The vessels that deliver blood to the brain are the
internal carotoid and vertebral arteries
24) Cerebrospinal fluid
is secreted by ependymal cells
2) Male brains are typically ________ compared to female brains.
larger
26) Cerebrospinal fluid enters the subarachnoid space through the
lateral and median apertures
Use Figure 14-1 to answer the following questions:40) Identify the structure labeled "4."
lateral aperture
88) Divisions of the cerebral hemispheres that are named after the overlying skull bones are
lobes
87) The two cerebral hemispheres are separated by the
longitudinal fissure
46) The control of heart rate and blood pressure is based in the
medulla oblongata
48) The respiratory rhythmicity center is located in
medulla oblongata
49) The cardiovascular reflexes are based in the
medulla oblongata
8) Autonomic centers that control blood pressure, heart rate, and digestion are located in the
medulla oblongata
9) The cerebellum and pons develop from the
metencephalon
12) As you ascend from the medulla oblongata to the cerebrum, the functions of each successive level become
more complex
97) The visual cortex is located in the
occipital lobe
90) The region(s) of the cerebral cortex superior to the lateral sulcus is/are the
parietal and frontal lobes
89) The cerebral area posterior to the central sulcus is the
parietal lobe
92) The primary motor cortex is the surface of the
precentral gyrus
100) The region of the brain responsible for predicting the consequence of events or actions is the
prefrontal cerebral cortex
95) The surface of the postcentral gyrus contains the ________ cortex.
primary sensory
4) Which of these is not one of the main divisions of the adult brain?
prosencephalon
32) Which of the following is not a function of cerebrospinal fluid?
provides atp for impulse transmission
14) The thin partition that separates the first and second ventricles is the
septum pellucidum
29) What contains a spider web-like network of cells and fibers through which cerebrospinal fluid flows?
subarachnoid space
Use Figure 14-1 to answer the following questions: 41) Identify the structure labeled "6."
subarachnoid space
25) Which antibiotic enters the CNS without difficulty because it easily crosses the blood-brain barrier?
sulfadiazine
Use Figure 14-1 to answer the following questions:44) Identify the structure labeled "9."
superior sagittal sinus
3) During embryonic development, which of the following secondary brain vesicles will form the cerebrum?
telencephalon
98) The auditory cortex is located in the
temporal lobe
10) Sensory information is processed and relayed to the cerebrum by the
thalamus