chapter 14/1

Is anger suppression or anger expression a more effective approach for coping with racism?

Some research shows anger suppression is more effective while other research shows anger expression is more effective.

How can a study that involves exposing people to live viruses demonstrate a link between stress and impaired immune function?

Stress weakens the immune system, so people with high stress levels should be more likely to get sick.

Dr. Frobish possesses a ________ behavior pattern because she is an intensively driven workaholic, preoccupied with deadlines, and always seems to be in a rush.

Type A

In Hans Selye's rat study, rats that were exposed to stressors over a long period of time showed signs of _____

adrenal enlargement, thymus and lymph node shrinkage, and stomach ulceration

A stressor is likely to be appraised as a threat when someone ____

anticipates that it could lead to some kind of harm, loss, or other negative consequence

A(n) ________ attack is often triggered by environmental factors, such as air pollution, allergens, cigarette smoke, airway infections, cold air or a sudden change in temperature, and exercise.

asthma

Alma has a serious disease in which the airways of her respiratory system become obstructed, leading to great difficulty expelling air from the lungs. Which disease does Alma have?

asthma

Hans Selye's definition of stress is considered a response-based definition because it conceptualizes stress chiefly in terms of the _____

body's physiological reaction to any demand that is placed on it

Heather considers taking a new job. She focuses on the increased opportunities for promotion and the higher salary rather than her increased responsibilities; therefore, she views the new position as a ________ rather than a ________.

challenge; threat

A high-stress job, overcrowding, and long commutes to work are examples of the way some psychologists conceptualize stress as a _____

demanding or threatening event or situation

Doug is an emergency room nurse in a large, underfunded, public hospital. Lately, he finds himself assuming that the patients he sees are just trying to get free drugs to feed an addiction. Just yesterday a little boy was brought in with a broken arm, and Doug found that he was completely indifferent to the boy's pain. What aspect of job burnout does this exemplify?

depersonalization

Ehab is a high school science teacher. He recently received a Teacher of the Year award for his district, but he believes he only received it because no one else bothered to apply for it. He is a popular teacher, but he is convinced the students only pretend to like him so they will get better grades. What aspect of job burnout does this exemplify?

diminished personal accomplishment

Anna is a school counselor. She hates going to work and wants to lock the door and cry whenever a student comes to her for help. She just doesn't feel like she has anything left to give. What aspect of job burnout does this exemplify?

exhaustion

Jade hears a rattle. When she turns around she sees a rattlesnake inches from her leg. Her pupils dilate, her heart pounds, and she begins to sweat. This response is called the ________ response.

fight-or-flight

Hypertension is a major risk factor for heart disease because it _______

forces the heart to pump harder, which puts more physical strain on the heart

A ________ psychologist might investigate why people continue to smoke or eat high fat and processed food despite knowing the potential adverse health implications of such behaviors.

health

Factory worker, supermarket cashier, and short-order cook are all examples of occupations with high levels of __

job strain

Angela transfers to a new high school for gifted children and has trouble making friends. She expected this and plans to change it by joining more after school clubs and sitting next to different people at lunch. She believes she has effective options for dealing with the stressor of having no friends; therefore, she experiences ________.

less stress than someone who has no effective options

Developing stomach ulcers during a prolonged period of stress exemplifies how stress can have a negative ________ impact

physiological

Brizan has just lost his job. He is proactive in trying to resolve this source of stress: He immediately uses the Internet to look up other jobs in his field and plans to eliminate non-essentials from his budget to make his savings last longer. Which type of coping approach is Brizan using?

problem focused

Ashaela is Black, and she is attending a college with a predominately White population. She is the only Black student in several of her classes; last week in her psychology class, another student muttered a racist slur as she passed Ashaela's desk. Ashaela is attempting to cope by talking to her parents about her heritage and joining the Black Student Union on campus. This exemplifies the ________ strategy for coping with racism.

racial identity

Advice, guidance, encouragement, acceptance, emotional comfort, and financial help are all examples of __

social support

Guidance, encouragement, acceptance, emotional comfort, and tangible assistance are all examples of _______

social support

A demanding or threatening event is often called a(n) ______

stressor

A stressor would be appraised as a ________ if someone anticipates that it could lead to some kind of harm, loss, or other negative consequence; however, if someone believes that it carries the potential for gain or personal growth, it would be appraised as a _____

threat; challenge