chapter 15

What is the condition when tissue fluid pressure has increased because of the confines of the fascia and/or bone resulting in compression of the muscles, nerves, and blood vessels? - Shin splints - Plantar fasciitis - Tibial periostitis - Compartment syndrome

Compartment syndrome

What is the most commonly sprained ligament in the ankle? - Posterior talofibular - Anterior talofibular - Deltoid - Anterior tibiofibular

Anterior talofibular

What is the difference between a second degree and third degree ankle sprain? - Increased instability with a second-degree sprain - Decreased amount of pain associated with a third-degree sprain - Increased amount of tissue damage with a second-degree sprain - Complete loss of function associated with a second-degree sprain

Decreased amount of pain associated with a third-degree sprain

A tight heel cord forces the foot into dorsiflexion, making it more susceptible to a lateral ankle sprain. -True -False

False

In order for normal ankle motion to occur, you need at least 10 degrees of dorsiflexion. - True - False

True

What symptom is associated with stress fractures? - Pain when an athlete is non-weight bearing - Diffuse pain - Poor neuromuscular control - Complaints of pain that increases after activity

Complaints of pain that increases after activity

Medial tibial stress syndrome, also known as shin splints, is usually attributed to an inflammation of the anterior tibialis muscle and extensor muscles of the toes. - True - False

False

Mild stretching of lateral ligaments with little loss of motion or function is characteristic of a second-degree ankle sprain. - True - False

False

Tendinitis of the peroneal tendons will generate pain just posterior to the medial malleolus. - True - False

False

The Achilles tendon rupture is a common injury in young athletes. - True - False

False

The ankle joint is capable of dorsiflexion, plantar flexion, inversion, and eversion. - True - False

False

The best way to prevent an ankle injury is through strengthening and bracing. - True - False

False

The most common ankle injuries result from eversion forces. - True - False

False

The lateral malleolus is part of what bone? - Navicular - Calcaneus - Tibia - Fibula

Fibula

In the lower leg there are how many separate compartments containing muscles, tendons, blood vessels, and nerves? - Three - Four - Two - Five

Four

What motions occur at the subtalar joint? - Plantar flexion and inversion - Eversion and dorsiflexion - Dorsiflexion and plantarflexion - Inversion and eversion

Inversion and Eversion

What is the most frequently injured aspect of the ankle? - Posterior - Anterior - Lateral - Medial

Lateral

What action at the ankle do the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles perform? - Plantarflexion - Inversion - Dorsiflexion - Eversion

Plantarflexion

Which of the following is the mechanism of injury for an Achilles tendon rupture? - Dorsiflexion - Inversion - Eversion - Plantarflexion

Plantarflexion

What is the most common mechanism of injury to the ankle complex? - Plantarflexion/eversion - Dorsiflexion/inversion - Plantarflexion/inversion -Dorsiflexion/eversion

Plantarflexion/inversion

Eversion ankle sprains are associated with which of the following? - Tearing of the calcaneofibular ligament - Tearing of the deltoid ligament - Fracture of the fibula - Ligament contusion

Tearing of the deltoid ligament

Why is the shin vulnerable to contusions? - The large fat pad on the tibia - The thick muscles that overlie the tibia - The increase in shin guard use - The close proximity of tibia to the surface of the skin

The close proximity of tibia to the surface of the skin

Which of the following muscles plantar flexes the ankle? - Tibialis anterior - Tibial posterior - Extensor hallucis longus - Extensor digitorum longus

Tibial posterior

Which of the following muscles plantar flexes the ankle? - Tibial posterior - Extensor digitorum longus - Extensor hallucis longus

Tibial posterior

Which of the following causes for shin splints is incorrect? - Tibial weakness - Overuse - Improper shoe wear - Muscle weakness

Tibial weakness

Achilles tendinitis is usually the result of repetitive stress and strain which causes constant inflammation. - True - False

True

Eversion ankle sprains are less common than inversion ankle sprains. - True - False

True

If not properly evaluated, compartment syndrome can lead to permanent disability due to the pressure on nerves and blood vessels. - True - False

True

Poorly applied tape does more harm than good. - True - False

True

Proper footwear can prevent some of the common ankle injuries. - True - False

True

Tape that constricts soft tissue can cause serious injury by disrupting the biomechanics of the other joints in the foot. - True - False

True

The tibia has the highest incidence of fractures to the leg. - True - False

True

The use of a wobble board to strengthen the ankle is a good preventative tool for the athlete. - True - False

True

Tibia fractures require a longer immobilization time compared to fibular fractures because the tibia is a weight bearing bone. - True - False

True

When treating an Achilles tendon strain, one should stretch aggressively and put a heel lift under the calcaneus to reduce the stress placed on the Achilles tendon. - True - False

True

If an athlete steps in a hole and the ankle is forced into dorsiflexion, which ligament is usually involved? - Anterior tibiofibular - Calcaneofibular - Interosseous membrane - Anterior talofibular

Anterior tibiofibular

Neuromuscular control of the ankle specifically uses which type of exercise to assist in preventing ankle injuries? - Balance - Endurance - Strength - Flexibility

Balance

Treatment for a compartment syndrome includes ice, compression, and elevation. - True - False

False

After suffering an eversion ankle sprain, which bone is most likely to be fractured? - Tibia - Fibula - Talus - Calcaneous

Fibula

Which of the following would be considered a low-level functional test that can be performed by an athlete after an ankle injury? - Run Figure 8's - Walk on lateral borders of feet - Hop on the injured foot - Walk on toes

Walk on lateral borders of feet

Which of the following is not a sign of anterior compartment syndrome? - Reduced sensation in the foot - Weakness in the gastrocnemius - Deep aching pain - Increased compartment pressure due to swelling

Weakness in the gastrocnemius