Chapter 15: Absolutism and Constitutionalism Study Guide
What was the consequence of Prince Francis Rakoczy's rebellion for Habsburg rule?
Hungary was never fully integrated into a centralized, absolute Habsburg state.
In the seventeenth century, why did rulers hesitate to crush rebellions?
Armies were expensive to deploy, and rulers feared creating martyrs.
How did the nature of armed forces change in the latter half of the seventeenth century?
Army officers became obedient to monarchs instead of serving their own interest.
"Moral Economy"
a vision of the world in which community needs predominate over competition and profit.
How did the Peace of Westphalia mark a turning point in European History?
Large-scale armed conflicts over religious faith came to an end.
How did the Peace of Utrecht resolve the problem of succession to the Spanish throne?
Louis XIV of France's grandson, Philip, was placed on the French throne with the agreement that the French and Spanish thrones would never be united.
The primary cause of the English Glorious Revolution was
a fear of the establishment of Catholic absolutism by James II
The English political philosopher Thomas Hobbes held that
the power of the ruler was absolute and prevented civil war.
The guiding force behind Cardinal Richelieu's domestic policies was
the subordination of all institutions to the monarchy.
Louis XIV selected councilors from the
newly ennobled or upper middle class.
The Baroque style flourished in the context of the
Catholic Reformation
How did Cardinal Richelieu increase the power of the centralized French state?
He extended the use of intendants, commissioners for each of France's thirty-two districts.
What mistaken belief did the Count-Duke of Olivares hold that brought disaster to Spain?
Spain must return to the imperial tradition of the sixteenth century in order to solve its economic and political difficulties.
In Eastern Europe between 1500 and 1650, the growth of commercial agriculture was accompanied by the
consolidation of serfdom.
Political power in the Dutch Republic was
controlled by an oligarchy of wealthy businessmen.
Mercantilists theory postulated that
economic activity should be regulated by and for the state.