Chapter 15: "What Is Freedom?": Reconstruction, 1865-1877

Match the correct label to each map to explain what the two maps of the Barrow plantation in Georgia reveal about the effects of emancipation on rural life in the South.

1860: -In 1860, slaves lived in communal quarters near the owner's house. 1881: -In 1881, former slaves working as sharecroppers lived all over the plantation.

scalawags

-These were wartime Unionists who cooperated with the Republicans to prevent "rebels" from returning to power. -Southern whites supported the Republican Party and were believed to be traitors to their race by many southern whites.

Identify the statements that describe the objectives of the Freedmen's Bureau.

Correct Answer: -establish schools for blacks -settle disputes between blacks and whites -secure equal treatment for blacks before the courts -provide aid to the poor and aged -reorganize abandoned and confiscated land in the South into forty-acre plots to allocate to former slaves

How did the new state constitutions drafted during Radical Reconstruction expand public responsibilities and provide for equal rights?

correct: -They established a state-funded free public education system. -They created state-run and state-funded institutions like orphanages, prisons, and homes for the insane.

How did the Reconstruction amendments change the Constitution?

correct: -They established the federal government as the protector of rights. -They expanded the definition of citizenship to include non-whites.

Identify the factors that contributed to the weakening of northern support for Reconstruction.

correct: -the Supreme Court's failure to fully uphold the rights of blacks -the economic depression of the early 1870s -the growth of Democratic power in Congress -northern journalists' depictions of the failure of southern black leadership

Identify the groups the Ku Klux Klan targeted.

correct: -white Republicans -blacks who became landowners -African-American political leaders

How did Congress attempt to eradicate the power of the Ku Klux Klan?

enforcement acts

The new state governments under the control of Republicans failed to improve life in the South during Reconstruction.

false

Match the descriptions of white Republicans in the South during Reconstruction to the correct term.

i am going to list the answers below separately

List the following events of Reconstruction in chronological order.

1. thirteenth amendment 2. civil rights bill of 1866 3. fourteenth amendment 4. kkk established 5. enforcement acts

Horatio Seymour, the 1868 Democratic nominee for president, carried the state where he had previously served as governor. Samuel Tilden, the 1876 Democratic nominee, had also been governor of the same state. Select the state on the map.

33

Which of the following are valid statements about the election of 1876?

Correct Answer: -Samuel Tilden, the Democratic candidate, won the popular vote. -The disputed electoral votes were in South Carolina, Florida, and Louisiana.

Identify some of the ways in which blacks demonstrated their freedom following the end of the Civil War.

Correct Answer: -by locating and reuniting with loved ones from whom they had been separated under slavery -by attending mass meetings and religious services -by traveling

According to the video, why was Frederick Douglass's perspective on the question, "Who is an American?" considered radical for the time?

He believed people of all races and national origins could become good Americans.

Match the type of labor system used during Reconstruction to its appropriate description.

Tenants rented a portion of land, and the crop yield was divided between the tenant and owner. -sharecropping Workers were assigned daily tasks that, once completed, ended their daily responsibilities. -task system Tenants used a portion of the crop as collateral to pay for supplies. -crop lien

What does it reveal about the realities of emancipation?

correct: -Former slaves occupied and farmed their own plots of land -former slaves no longer lived in communal housing, but had their own quarters -Former slaves built their own churches and schools on the plantation

In what ways does the contract limit the freedom of the laborers?

correct: -The freedmen are contractually obligated to "obey" the landowner. -The freedmen are required to compensate the landowner if they miss work for a day.

How did the Black Codes attempt to regulate the lives of former slaves?

correct: -They prohibited blacks from serving on juries. -They denied blacks the right to serve in state militias. -They did not allow blacks to vote. -They denied blacks the right to testify in court against whites.

Identify the statements that describe the Civil Rights Bill of 1866.

correct: -defined all persons born in the United States as citizens -ensured all citizens enjoyed a set of basic rights

Identify the statements that describe sharecropping.

correct: -required farmers to divide the crop with the landowner at the end of the year -preferred by former slaves because it allowed them to work without white supervision -guaranteed planters a stable labor force -a compromise between blacks' desire for landownership and whites' desire to discipline their labor force

Identify the statements below that describe the Reconstruction amendments.

correct: -served as the constitutional basis for the civil rights movement of the 1960s -consisted of three amendments, which ultimately led to the incorporation of black Americans into society as citizens

Identify the provisions of the Radical plan for Reconstruction.

correct: -the Fourteenth Amendment -temporary division of the South into military districts -state guarantees of black men's right to vote -creation of new state governments

The Republicans in Congress were unified in their vision for Reconstruction.

false

The Bargain of 1877 decided the election of 1876 in favor of the Republicans, while the Republicans promised to recognize Democratic control of the South, essentially ending Reconstruction.

true

The Fourteenth Amendment granted citizenship for all persons born in the United States and empowered the federal government to protect the rights of all Americans.

true

The Liberal Republican Party began to side with Democrats in believing that the federal government's power had grown too much during the war and needed to be curtailed.

true

Why did Congress bring articles of impeachment against Andrew Johnson?

violated the Tenure of Office Act

In the speech, Douglass presented his vision for America. Select the specific excerpts below where Douglass argues for equal rights for people of all races and national origins.

"Would you have them naturalized, and have them invested with all the rights of American citizenship? I would. Would you allow them to hold office? I would." "all shall here bow to the same law, speak the same language, support the same government, enjoy the same liberty."

Select the areas of the map that cast their electoral votes for Republican candidate Ulysses S. Grant in the election of 1868.

-21 -5 -8

Carpetbaggers

-Northern whites relocated to the South after the Civil War. Southern whites believed they had come simply for economic gain. -Their name suggests they packed all of their belongings in a suitcase and left their homes eager to take advantage of opportunities in the South.an insulting term used to describe a northerner who moved to the south after the civil war

Identify the components of Andrew Johnson's plan for Presidential Reconstruction.

Correct Answer: -abolition of slavery pardon nearly all white southerners who took an oath of allegiance to the Union -appointment of provisional governors repudiation of secession -state conventions to establish new, loyal state governments -refusal to pay Confederate debts

In 1876, Winslow Homer painted this imaginary scene between a former slave and a slaveowner. What does he suggest about the relationship among freedmen and former slaveowners in his painting?

correct: -Freed blacks no longer had to show reverence to their former owners. -Freed blacks and former slave owners still interacted frequently after emancipation.

Why did northern Republican support for Reconstruction diminish in the 1870s?

correct: -Many of the Radical Republicans who had established the Reconstruction plan had died. -Many northerners believed that the South should be able to solve its own problems. -Many believed that the federal government had created the conditions of freedom, and success was now up to blacks.

Why did southern planters and merchants oppose Reconstruction and the new state governments?

correct: -Southern whites could not accept the idea of blacks' equality. -Poor southern whites did not experience the improvement to their economic situation as they had hoped. -Reconstruction governments were corrupt.

What arguments did the black petitioners make when urging President Johnson to allocate land to them?

correct: -The freedmen had worked the lands and therefore deserved ownership. -Land ownership was a vital element of citizenship.