chapter 16 management

In Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, ________ needs form the lowest or foundational step in the hierarchy. a. physiological b. psychographic c. psychological d. psychomotor

a

In the expectancy theory, ________ is the degree to which the individual believes that performing at a particular level is instrumental in attaining the desired outcome. a. performance-reward linkage b. expectancy c. effort-performance linkage d. valence

a

McGregor's Theory X assumes that employees ________. a. need to be closely controlled to work effectively b. enjoy work c. seek out and accept responsibility d. prefer autocratic supervisors

a

People with a high need for achievement ________. a. prefer moderately challenging goals b. emphasize the rewards of success c. emphasize helping others accomplish their goals d. make good managers, especially in large organizations

a

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, a person's needs for self-respect, autonomy, achievement, status, recognition, and attention constitute his ________ needs. a. self-actualization b. esteem c. social d. safety

b

In the expectancy theory, ________ is the importance that the individual places on the potential outcome or reward that can be achieved on the job. a. expectancy b. saliency c. valence d. instrumentality

c

Which of the following are the three needs identified in the three-needs theory of motivation? a. need for power, need for achievement, need for affection b. need for power, need for affirmation, need for affiliation c. need for achievement, need for power, need for affiliation d. need for achievement, need for admiration, need for power

c

Which of the following needs is the highest in Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory? a. esteem needs b. social needs c. self-actualization needs d. safety needs

c

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, when an employer provides his employees health insurance, he is taking care of their ________ needs. a. safety b. social c. esteem d. self-actualization

a

According to the JCM, which three job characteristics are crucial to an employee experiencing meaningfulness of his or her work? a. skill variety, task identity, and task significance b. autonomy, task identity, and task significance c. autonomy, feedback, and task significance d. skill variety, autonomy, and feedback

a