Chapter 16 Vocab

War of Attrition

Definition- A war based on wearing the other side down by constant attacks and heavy losses. Sentence- World War I had turned into a war attrition, a war based on wearing the other side down by constant attacks and heavy losses. (page 506)

Propaganda

Definition- Ideas spread to influence public opinion for or against a cause. Sentence- Government propaganda-ideas spread to influence public opinion for or against a cause- has worked in stirring up national hatreds before the war. ( page 503

Conscription

Definition- a military draft Sentence-Conscription, a military draft had been established as a regular practice in most Western countries before 1914. (page 500)

armistice

Definition- a state of peace agreed to between opponents so they can discuss peace terms Sentence-Two days later, on November 11, 1918, the new German government signed an armistice ( a truce, an agreement to end the fighting). (page 522)

Total War

Definition- a war that involves the complete mobilization of resources and people, affecting the lives of all citizens in the warring countries, even those remote from the battlefields. Sentence- As World War I dragged on, it became a total war, involving a complete mobilization of resources and people. (page 508)

Mobilization

Definition- act of assembling and putting into readiness for war or other emergency Sentence- Mobilization is the process of assembling troops and supplies and making them ready for war. In 1914, mobilization was considered an act of war. (Page 502)

Soviets

Definition- councils composed of representatives from the workers and soldiers. Sentence- The government was also faced with a challenge to its authority -- the soviets.(page 516)

Planned Economies

Definition-an economic system directed by government agencies. Sentence- In effects, in order to mobilize all the resources of their nations for the war effort, European nations set up planned economies-- system directed bu government agencies.( page 508)

Trench Warfare

definition- a form of warfare in which opposing armies fight each other from trenches dug in the battlefield. Sentence- The Western Front had become bogged down in trench warfare that kept both sides in virtually the same positions for four years. (page 504)

reparation

definition- compensation exacted from a defeated nation by the victors. Sentence- Clemenceau want Germany stripped of all weapons, vast German payments-reparation- to cover the cost of the war, and a separate Rhineland as a buffer state between France and Germany. ( page 524)

war communism

definition- in World War I Russia, government control of banks and most industries, the seizing of grain from peasants, and the centralization of state administration under Communist control. Sentence- A policy for war communism, for example, was used to ensure regular supplies for the Red Army.( page 519)

mandates

definition-terms set by the national government that states must meet whether or not they accept federal grants Sentence- These acquisitions were officially called mandates. (page 526)