Chapter 17
Copernicus's theory of the universe
postulated a sun-centered view of the universe
Johannes Kepler believed that the elliptical orbit of planets
produced a musical harmony of heavenly bodies
Joseph II's conversion of labor obligations to cash payments
was opposed by both nobles and peasants
Rosseau believed that
women were best suited to a passive role in social relations
Francis Bacon formalized the research methods of Tycho Brahe and Galileo into a theory of reasoning known as
empiricism
In his essay Concerning Human Understanding, John Locke claimed that
human development is determined by education and society
The enlightened policies of Fredrick II of Prussia included all of the following except
freeing the Prussian serfs
In Persian Letters, what did the Baron de Montesquieu use to symbolize Eastern political tyranny
the oppression of women in a Persian harem
Which of the following correctly characterizes the response of various religious perspectives to Copernicus's hypothesis
Calvin and Luther condemned Copernicus, while Catholic reaction was mild at first and only declared his hypothesis false in the 17th century
To improve the rural economy and the lives of peasants, Empress Maria Theresea
reduced nobles' power over their serfs
In general, what was Voltaire's attitude toward government?
He believed that a good monarch was the best one could hope for.
Which powers participated in the partitioning of Poland in the late 18th century
Prussia, Russia, and Prussia
Catherine the Great of Russia came to power in 1792 through
a coup of her husband Peter III