chapter 17: mongols test

At Manzikert in 1071, the Saljuq Turks won an important victory over the a. Byzantines. b. Mongols. c. Abbasids. d. Chinese. e. Indians.

a

At its height, Chinggis Khan's army was as large as a. 125,000 troops. b. 200,000 troops. c. 350,000 troops. d. 520,000 troops. e. 670,000 troops.

a

Karakorum was a. the central Asian capital of the Mongols. b. the founder of the Mongol empire. c. the term applied to the Mongol policy of religious toleration. d. the last powerful Mongol ruler. e. the leading god in the Mongol divine hierarchy.

a

Mahmud of Ghazni's incursion into India in the eleventh century was inspired by a. his desire for plunder. b. his own missionary zeal to spread the Islamic faith. c. a desire to gain revenge for Indian crimes against his father. d. his desire to visit the religious sites associated with the Buddha. e. his devotion to Hinduism.

a

The ilkhanate in Persia began a rapid decline in the 1290s after a. the government issued paper money. b. the introduction of the bubonic plague. c. a devastating Turkish invasion. d. the conversion of Ilkhan Ghazan to Nestorian Christianity. e. the success of the fifth crusade.

a

Which of the following religions did NOT ever become popular among the nomadic Turkish tribes? a. Hinduism b. Buddhism c. Nestorian Christianity d. Islam e. Manichaeism

a

Yurts were a. tents used by the nomadic Turks. b. the first powerful Turkish tribe. c. the shamans who dominated nomadic Turkish religious thought. d. Turkish chieftains. e. the iron foundries that provided the Turks with a technological and military advantage.

a

After 1215, the Mongol capital in China was a. Beijing. b. Khanbaliq. c. Karakorum. d. Nara. e. Dunhuang.

b

During the period of Mongol domination, a. trade slowed dramatically because of heavy taxation. b. long-distance trade became much less risky. c. interaction between different peoples of Eurasia was limited by Mongol cruelty. d. unification was achieved by the implementation of a state religion. e. trade was halted by the extension of the Great Wall of China.

b

In 1055, the Saljuq Turkish leader Tughril Beg a. conquered Constantinople. b. was recognized as sultan by the Abbasid caliph. c. sacked the Indian city of Delhi. d. conquered northern China. e. formed an alliance with the Byzantines.

b

Khubilai Khan's military and imperial pursuits a. copied his father's when he conquered Persia. b. had little success when he tried to conquer Vietnam, Cambodia, Burma, and Japan. c. successfully brought Japan under Mongol control. d. incorporated Russia into the growing Mongol empire. e. conquered eastern Europe.

b

The earliest religion of the Turkish peoples was a. Islam. b. shamanistic. c. Buddhist. d. Nestorian Christian. e. Hindu.

b

The environment of central Asia a. guaranteed a bountiful harvest. b. does not receive enough rain to support large-scale agriculture. c. was marred by such violent flooding that urbanization was almost impossible. d. facilitated urbanization because of its tremendous agricultural potential. e. was dominated by devastating monsoon rains.

b

The founder of the Ottoman Turks was a. Chaghatai. b. Osman. c. Ilkhan Ghazan. d. Mehmed II. e. Tamerlane.

b

The political power of the khans was based on a. a tightly structured imperial framework. b. indirect rule through the leaders of allied tribes. c. an extension of the traditional Turkish urban kingship. d. the shamanistic belief in the divinity of the ruler. e. an educated class of scholarly bureaucrats—an idea borrowed from China.

b

Which of the following did NOT act as a limitation on the development of central Asian societies? a. the aridity of the climate b. a lack of trading opportunities c. the nomadic lifestyle of the population d. the absence of large-scale craft production e. the limited potential for large-scale agriculture

b

2. The largest empire of all time was created by the a. Romans. b. Chinese. c. Mongols. d. Incas. e. Indians.

c

3. The invasions of the nomadic Turkish and Mongol tribes between the eleventh and fifteenth centuries a. left nothing but devastation in their wake. b. facilitated greater cross-cultural communication and integration. c. led to the rise of a centralized imperial state that ran from China to Persia. d. was brought to an end by increasingly powerful European states. e. was inspired by their devotion to Islam.

c

Chinggis Khan a. created a tightly structured centralized government. b. relied heavily on the Chinese to fill major governmental positions. c. did not establish a centralized government in the lands he conquered. d. carried Chinese governmental techniques to Persia. e. carried Persian governmental techniques to China.

c

During their time as rulers of China, the Mongols a. strengthened the Chinese educational and examination system. b. made tremendous use of native Chinese administrators. c. forbade the Chinese from learning the Mongol language. d. encouraged intermarriage between Mongols and Chinese. e. forged a lasting cultural and diplomatic exchange with Japan.

c

In 1279, Khubilai Khan proclaimed the a. Song dynasty. b. Ming dynasty. c. Yuan dynasty. d. Han dynasty. e. Qing dynasty.

c

In the tenth century, the Turks living near the Abbasid empire began to convert to a. Buddhism. b. Nestorian Christianity. c. Islam. d. Hinduism. e. Zoroastrianism.

c

The Delhi sultans a. became the first dynasty to unite all of India since the ancient world. b. remained the last Hindu opposition to expanding Islamic authority. c. claimed authority over all of northern India. d. won widespread support because of their unqualified tolerance of Hinduism and Buddhism. e. united all of southeast Asia for the only time in history.

c

The Mongol naval campaign against Japan in 1281 a. was a complete success . b. turned back because of the fear of disease. c. was the largest seaborne expedition before World War II. d. was aided by a favorable wind that the Chinese came to call kamikaze. e. conquered the northernmost islands of Japan.

c

The Mongols brought about greater integration among Eurasian peoples by all of the following means EXCEPT a. increased trade. b. resettlement of conquered peoples. c. a common state religion. d. diplomatic missions. e. the establishment and maintenance of a courier network.

c

The class structure of nomadic societies normally produced a. a tightly-structured class system with little flexibility. b. no class distinctions. c. a fluid breakdown into nobles and commoners. d. a division into nobles, warriors, farmers, and slaves. e. a caste system copied from India.

c

Nomadic peoples' military might was based on their a. infantry. b. possessing much larger armies than their enemies. c. extensive use of artillery. d. cavalry forces. e. use of gunpowder.

d

Russia was dominated from the thirteenth through the fifteenth centuries by the a. great khans. b. Chaghatai khans. c. ilkhans. d. Golden Horde. e. Turks.

d

The Ghaznavid Turkish leader who raided and plundered India in the eleventh century was a. Osman. b. Chinggis Khan. c. Hülegü. d. Mahmud. e. Tamerlane.

d

The late-fourteenth-century Turkish ruler who weakened the Golden Horde, sacked Delhi, and launched campaigns in southwest Asia and Anatolia was a. Chinggis Khan. b. Osman. c. Khubilai Khan. d. Tamerlane. e. Chaghatai.

d

4. The Turkish peoples a. were a single, homogeneous group. b. established a tightly structured centralized government. c. abandoned their urban existence because of disease and economic pressures. d. spread Islam to southwest Asia. e. never formed a single, homogeneous group.

e

In 1295, the Ilkhan Ghazan converted to which religion, causing it to become the favored religion in Persia? a. Buddhism b. Nestorian Christianity c. Judaism d. Zoroastrianism e. Islam

e

In an effort to strengthen the Mongol fighting forces, Chinggis Khan a. emphasized the traditional tribal affiliations. b. traded with the Europeans to obtain more powerful modern artillery. c. disbanded the Mongol cavalry and instead placed emphasis on the infantry. d. inspired them with a devotion to Allah. e. formed new military units with no tribal affiliations.

e

Marco Polo spent almost twenty years at the court of a. Chinggis Khan. b. Tamerlane. c. Hülegü. d. Chaghatai. e. Khubilai Khan.

e

The Chaghatai khans ruled a. China. b. Russia. c. Persia. d. southeast Asia. e. central Asia.

e

The capital of Tamerlane's empire was a. Khanbaliq. b. Beijing. c. Karakorum. d. Baghdad. e. Samarkand.

e

The noble class, in nomadic society, a. ruled with absolute authority at all times. b. based their wealth and power on extensive landholdings. c. received their position through inheritance, and couldn't lose it. d. was based on divine sanction. e. was fluid, with many opportunities for rising and falling.

e

The nomadic Turkish tribes made use of kumiss, which a. was an iron lance. b. were large tents made of felt. c. were shaman priests. d. were central Asian oxen. e. was an alcoholic drink fermented from mare's milk.

e

The term sultan means a. "the chosen one." b. "first among equals." c. "consecrated before god." d. "master of nature." e. "chieftain."

e

Nomadic people did not trade with settled people, and sought neither manufactured nor agricultural products.

false

The Ottoman campaign culminated in 1453 when Osman captured the Byzantine capital of Constantinople.

false

The consolidation of Mongol rule in China came during the reign of Chaghatai, one of Chinggis Khan's sons.

false

The most important institution of the Mongol state was the clan, which magnified the power of the small population.

false

By facilitating trade and communications throughout Eurasia, the Mongols unwittingly expedited the spread of bubonic plague.

true

Chinggis Khan was the unifier of the Mongols. His given name was Temüjin and he was born in 1167.

true

Led by the Saljuqs, Turkish peoples began migrating into Anatolia in large numbers in the early eleventh century.

true

Mongols of the group known as the Golden Horde overran Russia and mounted expeditions into Poland, Hungary, and Germany in the thirteenth century.

true

Nomadic people did not wander aimlessly through the steppes but, rather, followed migratory cycles.

true

When the Mongol forces overcame a city, they routinely separated out those with specialized skills and sent them to a place where their services were needed.

true