Chapter 17 pinel

Antibodies are manufactured by a class of lymphocytes called

B cells

Microglia are phagocytes of the

CNS

Which of the following psychologists is well known for his research on facial expression?

Ekman

The concept of a generalized stress response was developed by

Hans Selye.

he first major physiological theory of emotions was independently proposed in 1884 by James and

Lange

Each amygdala is

a cluster of many nuclei.

Ronda was threatened by a robber so she kicked him. Her response is an example of

a defense attack

The immune system has two components: the innate immune system and the __________ immune system.

adaptive

Which of the following is not a symptom of the Kluver-Bucy syndrome?

agression

Charles Whitman, the Texas Tower sniper, had a tumor in his

amygdala

The Kluver-Bucy syndrome appears to result, to a large degree, from bilateral damage to the AND The structure in which the emotional significance of sensory signals is learned and retained is believed to be the AND Bilateral lesions to either the medial geniculate nucleus or the __________ block auditory fear conditioning.

amygdala

The polygraph does not detect lies, it detects

arousal

Lesions to which brain structure in rats disrupt auditory fear conditioning to complex sounds but not simple sounds?

auditory cortex

During a sequence of predatory attacks on a frog or a mouse, a rat's target site is almost always the

back of the neck.

In the rat, the target site for social aggression is the

back, near the base of the tail.

Urbach-Wiethe disease is associated with

bilateral calcification of the amygdala

"limbic" means

border

An important advance in the study of the physiology of stress came with the discovery in the 1990s that stress triggers the release of __________, which play a role in inflammation and fever.

cytokines.

In rats, boxing is

defense (or both A & B)

An important feature of social aggression that distinguishes it from other forms of aggression in many mammalian species is that it is

dependent on testosterone.

Each facial expression __________ on the left side of the face.

develops sooner

According to the James-Lange theory, different emotional stimuli induce __________ patterns of autonomic nervous system activity.

different

The James-Lange and Cannon-Bard theories make __________ predictions about the effects of feedback from somatic and autonomic activity on emotional experience.

different

The true smile, which involves the orbicularis oculi, has been termed the

duchenne smile.

A mirror-like system is thought to be the neural mechanism of

empathy

Stress that improves health has been termed

eustress

The theory that facial expressions can influence emotional experience is called the

facial feedback hypothesis.

H. pylori has been implicated as a causal factor in

gastric ulcers

The most commonly employed physiological measure of stress is the level of circulating

glucocorticoids.

) Lesions to which structure specifically block the conditioning of fear to a context?

hippocampus

Which neural structure has a particularly dense population of glucocorticoid receptors?

hippocampus

The amygdala is thought to activate the appropriate sympathetic and behavioral responses to threat via the __________, respectively

hypothalamus and PAG

Papez believed that emotional states were expressed through the action of the other structures of the limbic system on the

hypothalmus

The Duchenne smile

involves the orbicularis oculi

Evidence suggests that only one part of the amygdala plays a major role in fear conditioning. This part is the

lateral nucleus.

Polygraphy is commonly referred to as

lie detection

Papez attributed emotion to activity in what became known as the

limbic system

Which of the following is not one of Ekman and Friesen's primary emotional expressions?

lust

Each T cell has two kinds of receptors on its membrane: one for molecules normally found on the surface of __________ and one for a specific __________.

macrophages; antigen

In most mammalian species, social aggression usually occurs between

male conspecifics

The true expressions that momentarily break through false expressions are called

microexpressions

Because it is difficult to determine for certain whether a person who has been accused of breaking the law is innocent or guilty, many studies of lie detection use the

mock crime procedure

Pellis and his colleagues found that giving cats an antianxiety drug tended to increase the efficiency of their

mouse killing

According to the Cannon-Bard theory, the feeling of emotion by the cortex and the expression of emotion by the autonomic and somatic nervous systems are

parallel processes

The human amygdala seems to be specifically involved in the

perception of fear in others.

Body cues, in addition to facial expression, play a particularly important role in signaling

pride

The field that focuses on the effect of stress on immune function is called

psychoneuroimmunology.

Studies of the septal aggression phenomenon in rats suggest that it would be more appropriate to refer to it as

septal defensiveness

Decorticate cats display

sham rage

Which of the following is testosterone dependent in mice and many other mammalian species?

social aggression

In rats, lateral attack is a component of

social agression

The adult neurogenesis of hippocampal cells is reduced by

stress

The adrenal cortex was identified by Selye as important in the stress response; today's theories also acknowledge the important contribution of the

sympathetic nervous system.

Stress disrupts the performance of

tasks mediated by the hippocampus

The limbic system rings the

thalamus

According to the Cannon-Bard theory, different emotional stimuli induce __________ patterns of autonomic nervous system activity.

the same

Fear is the emotional reaction to

threat

The results of a study by Pellis and his colleagues suggest that cats that appear to be playing with mice are, in fact,

vacillating between attack and defense.