Chapter 17 Questions

In the late 19th century, Daniel De Leon

founded the Socialist Labor Party in the U.S.

Edwin Bellany's 1888 book, Looking Backward,

imagined an ideal future in which all corporations were combined into one great trust.

During the late 19th century, child labor in the U.S.

increased significantly.

Bessemer Process

involves blowing air through molten iron to burn out the impurities.

The Molly Maguires were a militant

labor union in the coal industry.

In 1900, the emergence of research laboratories in American corporations

led to a diversification of research interests.

The open-hearth process of making steel

made the production of large-dimension pieces possible.

In the American business community at the end of the 19th century

one percent of businesses controlled one-thad of all manufacturing.

In the 20th century, a principle goal of "Taylorism" was to

organize industrial production into many simple tasks.

In his books, Horatio Alger

paid tribute to the possibility of social mobility in America.

The social theory of Social Darwinism

promoted the idea that capitalism offered all people a chance for great wealth.

In 1917, automobile production in the U.S.

put five million cars on American roads.

Until its repeal in 1885, the Labor Contract Law

put many new immigrants in debt to American Businessman.

The Haymarker Squaer riot of 1886

resulted in the conviction and execution of several anarchists.

In the late nineteenth century, industry in the U.S.

saw the federal government eager to assist in its growth.

The Pullman strike of 1894

saw the president of the U.S. order federal troops to break the strike.

The business structure of Standard Oil was a good example of

vertical and horizontal integration.

The business structure of Carnegie Steel was a good example of

vertical integration.

single tax

Henry George expounded on the virtues of his "_____" in a book titles Progress and Poverty.

In the late 19th century, the first and most important promoter of Social Darwinism was

Herbert Spencer

In 1929, the base price of a Ford Model T was

$290

During the late 19th century, the growth of the large corporations was helped by

- sales of company stock to the public. - "limited liability" laws. - the realization that great ventures couldn't be financed by any single person. - both sales of company still to the public and "limited liability" laws.

In the ate 19th century, due to the growth of industrial capitalism, American workers

- saw a rise in their standard of living. - experienced a loss in their control over their own work. - were forced to contend with arduous and dangerous working conditions. - both saw a rise in their standard of living, and experiencing a loss in their control over their own work.

During the late 19th century, anarchists in the U.S.

- were relatively peaceful - were linked with violence and terrorism in the public mind - became tied to the labor movement in the public mind. - were both relatively peaceful and linked with violence and terrorism in the public mind.

The process of making steel developed by Henry Bessemer

-included blowing air through molten iron. -involved adding ingredients to molten iron. -was also developed by an American, William Kelly. -included both blowing air through and adding ingredients to molten iron.

Holding Company

A central corporate body that would buy up the sock of various members of a trust and establish direct formal ownership of those corporations was called a(n) _____.

Samuel Gompers was the leader of the

American Federation of Labor

The Gospel of Wealth

Andrew Carnegie elaborated his philosophy in a 1901 book titled _____.

All of the following cities became important centers for steel production EXCEPT

Atlanta.

Duryea

Charles and Frank _____ built the first gasoline-drive motor vehicle in America in 1903.

Henry Clay Frick

In the Homestead strike of 892. Andrew Carnegie's chief lieutenant was _____.

nationalism

Edward Bellamy's Looking Backward promoted a philosophy he called _____.

In the 1870s, the internal combustion engine was developed in

Europe.

During the 1870s and 1880s, most of the immigrants to the U.S. came from

Great Britain and northern Europe.

Thomas Edison

Invented the incandescent lightbulb.

Which of the following statements about the American railroad industry in the late 19th century is FALSE

It saw Congress outlaw railroad combinations.

Who among the following was NOT significantly associated with the steel industry?

James J. Hill

Who among the following began to develop an oil empire by taking control of competing oil companies in Ohio?

John D. Rockefeller

Which of the following is true regarding work conditions in American factories in 1900

Laborers could expect to work atlas sixty hours a week.

Molly Maguires

Members of a militant labor organization that used harsh tactics against coal operators in the anthracite coal region of Pennsylvania called themselves the _____.

By 1900, the average yearly income of American workers

None of the answers are correct!!!!!

In the U.S., the steel industry first emerged in

Pennsylvania and Ohio.

The first significant oil production in the U.S. occurred in

Pennsylvania.

Acres of Diamonds

Russell Conwell became prominent in the late 19th century by delivering his "_____" lecture more than 6000 times.

Taylorism

Scientific management, which sought to make human labor compatible with the demands of the machine age, was often known as "_____".

At its height in 1886, the Knights of Labor were led by

Terence V Powderly

Eugene V. Debs

The 1894 strike against the Pullman Company was led in part by _____, the head of the American Railway Union.

Which of the following events did NOT occur during the Homestead strike of 1892?

The Amalgamated trade union won the strike.

Anarchism

The Haymarket Square riot, which occurred in the city of Chicago, raised American fears of _____.

Louisa May Alcott

The author made famous by her 1869 book Little Women was _____.

Andrew Carnegie

The central figure in the development the steel industry was _____.

Horizontal Interaction

The combining of a number of firms engaged in the same enterprise into a single corporation is called _____.

Herbert Spencer

The first and most important proponent of Social Darwinism was the English philosopher _____.

Knights of Labor

The first major national labor conflict was the _____ of 1877.

Edwin L. Drake

The first oil well was drilled in 1859 in western Pennsylvania by _____.

Horatio Alger

The most famous write-off the success story in the late 19th century was _____.

Ferrene V. Powderley

The most important leader of the Knights of Labor was _____.

Railroad Role

The principal agent of industrial development in the late 19th century was the expansion of the _____.

Vertical Interaction

The taking over of all the different businesses on which a company relies too produce its primary product is called _____.

In the late 19th century, the local writer Henry George argued in favor of

a single land land tax replace all other taxes.

Prior to the Civil Wr, the steel industry in the U.S.

barely developed at all.

The Knights of Labor

began as a secret fraternal organization.

In the late 19th century, most American business millionaires

began their careers from positions of wealth and privilege.

The late 19th century sociologist Lester Frank Ward

believed that human intelligence, not natural selection, shaped society.

The Pullman strike of 1894 began when George Pullman, owner of the company,

cut wages by 25% due to slumping economy.

To John D. Rockefeller, the great "curse" of business in the late 19th was

cutthroat competition.

In what industry did the Homestead strike of 1892 occur?

steel.

Eugen V. Debs played a leading role in what labor event?

the Pullman strike.

Organized labor in the late 19th century failed to make great gains due to all the following factors EXCEPT

the absence of state and federal laws to protect the rights of workers.

In the late 19th century, the needs of the American steel industry directly contributed to the further development of all the following EXCEPT

the automobile industry.

According to the ideas expressed by Andrew Carnegie in The Gospel of Wealth,

the rich had great responsibilities to society.

A ket yo Henry Ford's success in mass production of automobiles was

the use of interchangeable parts.

In the late 19th century, Social Darwinism argued that people failed economically in the U.S. did so because

they had poor individual character.

Orville and Wilbur Wright's first successful airplane flight in 1903

took place near Kitty Hawk, North Carolina.

The great railroad strike of 1877

was launched in response to a wage cut.